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24 neue Nachweise auf dieser Seite Publiziert in den letzten 30 Tagen Neueste zuerst Crossref DOI
01.09.2026journal-article

Cancer Research

Epigenetic Repression of Type I Interferon Signaling by RUNX2 Drives Immune Checkpoint Blockade Resistance in Osteosarcoma

Shasha Wang, Hualong Yan, Payel Mondal, Gamze Ayaz, Howard H. Yang, Young-Im Kim, Andy D. Tran, Michael J. Kruhlak, Wendy du Bois, Maxwell P. Lee, Jing Huang

Abstract Interferon (IFN) signaling plays a pivotal role in orchestrating antitumor immunity and shaping the response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Although genetic alterations that impair the IFN pathway have been reported, such events are relatively rare, suggesting a potential contribution of epigenetic dysregulation. Here, we identified a RUNX2-mediated epigenetic mechanism that disrupts the type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling pathway in osteosarcoma (OS), thereby limiting the efficacy of ICB. Developmen …

01.09.2026journal-article

Nature Medicine

Atezolizumab in early triple-negative breast cancer: the randomized phase 3 NSABP B-59/GeparDouze trial

Sibylle Loibl, Gong Tang, Valentina Nekljudova, Priya Rastogi, Sivaramakrishna Rachakonda, Mattea Reinisch, Joshua Acosta, Andreas Schneeweiss, Christie Hilton, Sabine Seiler, Rohit Bhargava, Thomas Karn, Patricia Cortazar, Fernando Moreno, Jay Andersen, Stephani Christensen, Peter Klare, Sujatha Murali, Serafín Morales, Jens Huober, Jean-François Boileau, Álvaro Rodríguez-Lescure, Dominique Boudreau, Peter J. Polewski, Julia Teply-Szymanski, João Mouta, Eleftherios P. Mamounas, Carsten Denkert, Norman Wolmark, Charles E. Geyer

Abstract Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype with an activated tumor immune microenvironment. The multicenter, multinational, double-blinded NSABP B-59/GeparDouze trial evaluated the addition of atezolizumab (atezo) (773 patients randomized) or placebo (777 patients) to sequential taxane–carboplatin–anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy in stage II–III TNBC. The addition of atezo did not significantly improve the primary endpoint of event-free survival (EFS) (HR, 0.80 (95% CI, 0.062 …

01.09.2026journal-article

Water

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Sewage and Sludge from a Wastewater Treatment Plant in Dhaka, Bangladesh: A Pilot Environmental Surveillance Study

Nantu Chakma, Alpana Zaman Lata, Arefeen Haider, Md. Sariful Islam, Md. Alamgir Hossain, Rubhana Raqib, Mohammed Badrul Amin, Md. Shafiqul Islam, Md. Sirajul Islam, Aliya Naheed

Background: SARS-CoV-2 in sewage and aquatic environments may contribute to environmental dissemination of the virus. This study investigated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in sewage, sludge, and selected surface water sources in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and assessed related physicochemical parameters. Methods: Samples were collected from sewage pumping stations, one sewage treatment plant (STP), and selected rivers and ponds between September 2020 and January 2021. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected by RT-qPCR following nuclei …

01.09.2026journal-article

Frontiers in Oncology

Trastuzumab deruxtecan treatment for HER2-low metastatic scrotal extramammary Paget’s disease with bone marrow involvement: a case report

Yi Bao, Lei Zhang, Fenfen Jiang, Juanfen Mo

Scrotal Extramammary Paget’s disease (EMPD) is a rare cutaneous adenocarcinoma commonly confined to the intraepidermal region, with potential for dermal invasion and metastasis. This report describes a rare case of metastatic scrotal EMPD with bone-marrow involvement. The patient presented with localized pruritic scrotal lesions accompanied by systemic symptoms resulting from distant metastases to the lymph nodes and multiple bones, as well as compromised hematopoiesis caused by tumor cell infiltration of bone marr …

01.09.2026journal-article

Neuro-Oncology Advances

Metabolic Reprogramming in Neurofibromatosis Type 1: Plasma Metabolomic Signatures of MEK Inhibition Selumetinib reshapes systemic metabolism in NF1

Andrea Santangelo, Greta Volpedo, Adriana Blanda, Alessia Cafaro, Chiara Lavarello, Sebastiano Barco, Andrea Petretto, Gianluca Piccolo, Federico Zara, Giuliana Cangemi, Maria Cristina Diana, Pasquale Striano

Abstract Background Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a tumor predisposition syndrome driven by RAS/MAPK hyperactivation due to neurofibromin loss. Although selumetinib has changed the management of inoperable plexiform neurofibromas (PNs), the systemic metabolic changes associated with NF1, PN burden, and MEK inhibition remain poorly understood. We aimed to identify circulating metabolomic signatures associated with NF1, tumor status, and selumetinib treatment. Methods We conducted a monocentric observational stud …

01.09.2026journal-article

Cancer Science

Genotype‐Informed Whole‐Animal Kinome Screening Reveals Shared Kinase Vulnerabilities Across Driver Contexts in PDAC

Han Hai, Takako Ooshio, Hui Jiang, Taku Kimura, Yusuke Satoh, Soichiro Hata, Taiga Hirata, Jiayi Liu, Tongwei Liu, Ryodai Yamamura, Masahiro Sonoshita

ABSTRACT Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) frequently harbors co‐occurring alterations in KRAS , TP53 , CDKN2A , and SMAD4 , yet how clinically prevalent driver combinations shape kinase dependencies remains incompletely understood. To systematically interrogate genotype‐dependent and shared vulnerabilities, we generated Drosophila models representing dominant PDAC driver contexts, including 2‐hit ( KRAS‐TP53 ) and 3‐hit ( KRAS‐TP53‐CDKN2A or KRAS‐TP53‐SMAD4 ) genotypes, and conducted comparative whole‐animal …

02.09.2026journal-article

Medical Physics

PlanningCopilot: An agentic framework integrating ESAPI modules for autonomous treatment planning in lung radiotherapy

Hao Guo, Zipai Wang, Tenzin Kunkyab, Yang Lei, Robert Samstein, Kenneth E. Rosenzweig, Ming Chao, Tian Liu, Jiahan Zhang, Junyi Xia

Abstract Background Consistently generating clinically acceptable plans without human intervention remains a challenge in radiotherapy. Rule‐based automation provides deterministic execution, and knowledge‐based planning (KBP) provides statistical dose estimation, but both often require manual refinement. Large language models (LLMs) offer clinical reasoning capability, but effective autonomous planning also requires a mechanism to execute complex planning actions within the treatment planning system (TPS). Purpose …

02.09.2026journal-article

The Oncologist

55 Renal Cell Carcinoma Tumor Interstitial Fluid Possesses Immunosuppressive and GPCR Activating Properties

Colin Laughlin, Adebowale Adeniran, Patrick Kenney, Fed Ghali, Michael Hurwitz, Julia Walker, David Braun

Abstract Background The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a niche composed of cellular and fluid compartments. Tumor interstitial fluid (TIF) is the liquid milieu surrounding malignant, immune, and stromal cells within the TME, and its metabolic composition alongside its impact on immune cell function, is largely understudied. Metabolites themselves can act in the extracellular environment as signaling ligands, regulating activation of many common protein families such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which pl …

02.09.2026journal-article

Cancer Reports

Association Between Temporal Muscle Thickness and Survival in Older Patients With Brain Metastases Undergoing Radiation Therapy

Lasse Pikkarainen, Tommi K. Korhonen, Antti Tolonen, Emilia K. Pesonen, Nicole Hernandez, Tanja Skyttä, Otso Arponen

ABSTRACT Background Finding reliable prognostic markers for patients with brain metastases would be beneficial since they could be used in clinical practice when making treatment decisions. Recent literature has analyzed the role of temporalis muscle thickness (TMT) as a prognostic marker in patients with brain metastases with mixed results. Previous studies have generally focused on patients younger than 65 years. Aims The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of TMT measured from head CT scans on the p …

03.09.2026journal-article

Archiv der Pharmazie

Discovery of Novel Ligands for the Treatment of Cryptococcus neoformans Infection

Teresa Rocha, Catarina Alves, Carla Lima, Lisa Sequeira, Fernanda Borges, Fernando Cagide, Sofia Benfeito

ABSTRACT Fungal pathogens are an escalating global public health concern, particularly in the context of invasive and opportunistic infections. Cryptococcosis, primarily caused by Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii , can affect multiple organs and often leads to life‐threatening meningitis in immunocompromised individuals. Given limited antifungal therapies and emergence of resistance and toxicity‐related constraints, the development of novel anti‐cryptococcal agents remains an urgent priority. A library of innova …

01.09.2026journal-article

ARACÊ

DESENVOLVIMENTO, CARACTERIZAÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA E ESTABILIDADE DE BATOM LABIAL ANIDRO CONTENDO ACICLOVIR E MELISSA OFFICINALIS L. PARA O TRATAMENTO DO HERPES LABIAL

Andressa Cardoso De Melo, Maria Eduarda Schile, Thaila Fernanda Oliveira Da Silva

O herpes labial é uma infecção viral frequente, cujo tratamento tópico convencional pode apresentar limitações relacionadas à praticidade, à permanência da formulação nos lábios e à adesão ao tratamento. Nesse contexto, o desenvolvimento de uma forma farmacêutica inovadora contendo aciclovir associado à Melissa officinalis apresenta-se como uma alternativa de interesse farmacêutico. Objetivou-se desenvolver e avaliar uma formulação de batom labial anidro contendo aciclovir e Melissa officinalis, visando obter uma a …

04.09.2026journal-article

Cancer Research Communications

Neighborhood Factors and Treatment Outcomes in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A REDIAL Consortium Report

Rutu A. Rathod, Amy E. Hughes, Pagna Sok, Karen R. Rabin, Sandi L. Pruitt, Philip J. Lupo, Michael E. Scheurer, Jeremy M. Schraw, the REDIAL Consortium

Abstract Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) shows persistent outcome disparities among socioeconomically disadvantaged and Hispanic children. Neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES) and residence in Hispanic enclaves may contribute to these disparities, yet their impact on pediatric ALL is unclear. We examined associations of nSES and Hispanic enclave residence with ALL treatment outcomes. We analyzed children (0–24 years) diagnosed with ALL between 2005 and 2017 and treated at REducing Disparities In Acute Leukem …

04.09.2026journal-article

Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology

Adjuvant FOLFIRINOX versus S-1 monotherapy for resected PDAC: retrospective real-world data

Hui Tang, Zhengxia Li, Tingting You, Jinrong Ying, Yuejuan Cheng, Chunmei Bai, Yingyi Wang

Background: Although modified FOLFIRINOX (mFOLFIRINOX) has improved survival in patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) in clinical studies, S-1 is also a treatment option with desirable efficacy and limited toxicity. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of adjuvant mFOLFIRINOX with those of S-1 monotherapy for PDAC. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of adjuvant mFOLFIRINOX versus S-1 monotherapy in resected PDAC. Design: A retrospective real-world study. …

01.09.2026journal-article

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Proviral HIV-1 DNA Below Detection in Early Treated Adolescents After Previous Treatment Interruption

Kavidha Reddy, Louise Kuhn, Shaun Barnabas, Chantal Molechan, Kennedy Otwombe, Thidarat Jupimai, Diana A. Rutebarika, Tacilta Nhampossa, Maria G. Lain, Moherndran Archary, Almoustapha I. Maiga, Avy Violari, Moira Spyer, Ana Barrios-Tascon, Gbenankpon M. Houvessou, Holly L. Peay, Savita Pahwa, Paolo Palma, Mathias Lichterfeld, Mark F. Cotton, Thumbi Ndung'u, CARMA-Global Study Team of the EPIICAL Consortium

Background: Low and undetectable HIV-1 DNA levels are associated with greater likelihood of ART-free viral control and may help select candidates for analytic treatment interruption. We investigated predictors of HIV-1 DNA levels in older children and adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV who started ART early in life. Methods: Children older than 7 years and adolescents on ART and virally suppressed (

01.09.2026journal-article

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Incidence and Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Infection to Predict Outcomes from HPV-Based Cervical Cancer Screening in Women and People with a Cervix Living with HIV

Sofia Nicolls, Elisabeth McClymont, Marette Lee, François Coutlée, Sylvie Trottier, Fiona Smaill, Mona Loutfy, Mark H. Yudin, Marina B. Klein, Marianne Harris, Sarah Stone, Jorge Martinez-Cajas, Sharon Walmsley, Deborah Money, HPV in HIV Study Team

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) testing has been implemented in many organized cervix screening programs; however, understanding how this screening methodology affects rates of colposcopy and further follow-up procedures remains underexplored, especially among women with HIV. In the absence of HPV screening program data in British Columbia (BC), Canada, we sought to determine HPV prevalence and estimates for colposcopies among a cohort of women with HIV using the BC Cervix Screening algorithm. Setting: HPV d …

01.09.2026journal-article

American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology

Deciphering LonP1’s role in glioblastoma: an alternative mechanism of treatment resistance

Shashi Jain, Dahlia A. Ordaz, Javier Lepe, Naomi Lomeli, James Pham, Bhaskar Das, Daniela A. Bota

Temozolomide (TMZ) is the standard therapy for glioblastoma, but resistance is common and often linked to MGMT-mediated DNA repair. We found that LonP1, a mitochondrial protease, also drives MGMT-independent resistance by maintaining oxidative phosphorylation. Cells chronically exposed to TMZ upregulate LonP1, increase mitochondrial mass, and adopt a more oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)-dependent metabolic phenotype accompanied by altered extracellular acidification. Targeting LonP1 reverses this adaptation and …

01.09.2026journal-article

Journal of Clinical Oncology

Five-Year Outcomes of Short-Term Radiotherapy Plus Chemotherapy Versus Long-Term Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: Updated Results of the STELLAR Trial

Yuan Tang, Hai-Tao Zhou, Tong-Zhen Xu, Ning Li, Li-Ming Jiang, Jun Jiang, Ning-Ning Lu, Shuai Li, Si-Lin Chen, Hui-Ying Ma, Yong Cai, Yong-Heng Li, Yuan Zhu, Ming-Yuan He, Xin Wang, Ke Liu, Hong-Yan Zhang, Jun Wang, Ting Zhao, Gao-Feng Li, Jia-Lin Yang, Kuan Zhang, Wen-Ling Wang, Wei-Wei Xiao, Yihebali Chi, Lin Yang, Ai-Ping Zhou, Shuang-Mei Zou, Hui Fang, Shu-Lian Wang, Hai-Zeng Zhang, Xi-Shan Wang, Li-Chun Wei, Shi-Xin Liu, Yuan-Hong Gao, Ye-Xiong Li, Chen Hu, Jing Jin

This updated analysis of the STELLAR trial reports 5-year outcomes comparing short-course radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy (SCRT-based total neoadjuvant therapy [TNT]) with standard long-course chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Patients with distal or middle-third LARC were randomly assigned to receive either SCRT-based TNT or CRT. At a median follow-up of 68.7 months, the 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) was 62.0% in the TNT group and 58.7% in the CRT group, wit …

01.09.2026journal-article

RETINAL Cases & Brief Reports

TREATMENT OF CHOROIDAL MELANOMA-ASSOCIATED EXUDATIVE RETINAL DETACHMENTS WITH A DEXAMETHASONE INTRAVITREAL IMPLANT BEFORE PROTON BEAM RADIATION

Anne M. Lane, Evangelos S. Gragoudas, Ivana K. Kim

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and potential efficacy of a dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex) administered before proton radiation in patients with tumor-associated exudative retinal detachments. Methods: This was an investigator-initiated pilot study. Patients diagnosed with choroidal melanomas ≤10 mm thick, detachments spanning >2 clock hours, and visual acuity of 20/100 or better were randomized 1:1 to receive the dexamethasone implant or no treatment before proton radiation. Patients, masked to treatment complete …

01.09.2026journal-article

Current Nanomedicine

Revolutionizing Disease Prevention: The Rise of mRNA Vaccines and Nanotechnology for the Treatment of Cancer and Infectious Diseases

Diksha Shankar, Deepak Mishra, Astha Singh, Neha Pathak, Neha Minocha, Parijat Pandey, Pankaj Malhotra

Introduction: mRNA is a single-stranded RNA molecule. It conveys all the genetic information that is found in DNA and is complementary to it. mRNA was discovered in the early 1960s, and further studies were conducted in the 1970s. Yet, the greatest issue was that mRNA would be taken up by the body and rapidly destroyed. The crisis condition developed during the COVID-19 pandemic made the evolution of mRNA vaccines very swift. The main aim of this review article is to explain the development of different types of mR …

01.09.2026journal-article

Frontiers in Oncology

Myxoid glioneuronal tumor of the septum pellucidum with concurrent dual PDGFRA and FGFR3 gene mutations: a case report and literature review

Meng Wang, Lingyan Wang, Lili Zhang, Jianwei Zhang, Yonghui Yang, Li Zhang

Myxoid glioneuronal tumor (MGNT), a rare neuroepithelial neoplasm newly recognized in the 2021 World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (5th edition), is associated with platelet‐derived growth factor receptor α ( PDGFRA) gene alterations. While MGNT typically exhibits indolent histopathological features and a favorable clinical course, rare cases of intraventricular dissemination and leptomeningeal metastasis have been documented. We report a case of a 10-year-old fema …

01.09.2026journal-article

Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research

Gliamimic: a longitudinal, multimodal in vitro platform for evaluating glioblastoma treatment response and post-treatment tumor progression in patient-derived organoids or spheroids

Selina Camenisch, Luisa Bell, Nadine Stokar-Regenscheit, Natalia Vélez Char, Wolfram Jochum, Simon Heinze, Anna Maria Zeitlberger, Thomas Hundsberger, Marian Neidert, Peter Wick, Vanesa Ayala-Nunez

Abstract Treatment resistance and recurrence continue to define the clinical landscape of glioblastoma (GBM), yet their study is limited by traditional in vitro frameworks that fail to capture long-term treatment dynamics and tumor evolution. Here we present GliaMimic, a longitudinal in vitro platform incorporating irradiation and multi-dose temozolomide (TMZ). Using patient-derived organoids (PDOs) and cell line-derived spheroids, tumor progression and treatment response were monitored non-invasively over four wee …

01.09.2026journal-article

Cancer Diagnosis & Prognosis

Preoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings of the Transition Zone Predict Incidental Prostate Cancer in HoLEP

TOSHIKI ITO, YUSAKU HISAMATSU, SHUHEI MIZUTANI, TAKASHI KODAMA, SHINYA WATANABE, HIROYUKI AMANO, TERUO INAMOTO

Background/Aim: To assess the effectiveness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the transition zone (TZ) for predicting incidental prostate cancer (iPCa) detected after holmium laser enucleation of the prostate by comparing cases with and without iPCa. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 136 patients who underwent holmium laser enucleation for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) between June 2022 and April 2025. After excluding seven patients with biopsy-confirmed prostate cancer, data from 114 pat …

01.09.2026journal-article

Cancer Diagnosis & Prognosis

Jejunal Mixed Adenoneuroendocrine Carcinoma (MANEC) With a Novel PTPRK-RSPO3 Fusion Initially Presenting as a Large Ovarian Mass: Diagnostic Challenges and Poor Prognosis

RAN WANG, JINPING LAI

Background/Aim: Jejunal mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinomas (MANECs) are rare but aggressive tumors. We report such a case initially present as a large ovarian mass with a novel gene fusion. Case Report: A 51-year-old female presented with multiple episodes of abdominal pain. Computed tomography (CT) scan showed a 16.1 cm right ovarian mass. Surgery was performed and intraoperative frozen sections of the ovarian mass showed adenocarcinoma. Further histopathologic evaluation of the ovarian tumor demonstrated intest …

01.09.2026journal-article

Cancer Diagnosis & Prognosis

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Resistance in Rectal Adenocarcinoma Containing a Mismatch Repair Deficiency Component: A Case Report

KOHEI OKURA, HARUKA TAKENAKA, HIROSHI FUJITA, NORIHISA HANADA, YOSHIHIRO KOMOHARA

Background/Aim: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are important therapeutic options for metastatic colorectal cancer showing microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H)/mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR). We report a case of rectal adenocarcinoma with liver metastases diagnosed as dMMR cancer that was resistant to ICI therapy, leading us to conduct an additional pathological analysis to uncover the reasons underlying ICI resistance. Case Report: A 53-year-old woman had a tumor in the lower rectum. Biopsy revealed coex …