The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine
The Role of Middle Meningeal Artery Embolisation in the Management of Refractory Chronic Subdural Haematoma: A Systematic Review of Randomised Controlled Trials and Primary Studies
Introduction. Chronic subdural haematoma (cSDH) is among the most frequent conditions encountered in contemporary neurosurgical practice and is projected to become the commonest cranial operative indication in ageing populations. Conventional surgical evacuation relieves mass effect but does not address the pathophysiological substrate of the disease—an inflammatory, angiogenic and hyperfibrinolytic neomembrane perfused by fragile, leaky branches of the middle meningeal artery (MMA). Consequently, recurrence rates …