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24 neue Nachweise auf dieser Seite Publiziert in den letzten 30 Tagen Neueste zuerst Crossref DOI
02.09.2026journal-article

Journal of Clinical Medicine

The Prognostic Value of the Advanced Lung Cancer Inflammation Index on Disease-Free Survival in Patients with Gastric Cancer Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Mahmut Kara, Muslih Ürün, Senar Ebinç, Yasin Sezgin, Yonca Yılmaz Ürün, Mehmet Naci Aldemir

Objectives: The present study investigated whether the pre-treatment Advanced Lung Cancer Inflammation Index (ALI) could serve as a prognostic indicator of disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by curative D2 gastrectomy. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 157 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma who received treatment between 2016 and 2025. The pre-treatment ALI was derived from body mass index, serum albumin concentration, and …

02.09.2026journal-article

Cells

Three-Dimensional Bioprinting in Reconstructive Plastic Surgery: A Comprehensive Review

Rahim Hirani, Sarina Iraj, Mathew Trandafirescu, Carter J. Boyd, Mill Etienne

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is an evolving biofabrication approach in regenerative medicine with the potential to overcome many limitations of conventional reconstructive techniques, including donor-site morbidity, limited tissue availability, and suboptimal restoration of form and function. Recent advances in biofabrication have accelerated the development of patient-specific living constructs for reconstructive applications. This narrative review synthesizes contemporary evidence on the use of 3D bioprinti …

02.09.2026journal-article

JAMA Dermatology

Delphi Consensus Statement on Treatment of Severe Alopecia Areata in US Adults

Samantha Gregoire, Eliza Dewey, Ursula Biba, Katherine Sanchez, Hanna Englander, Lana Salloum, Sherry Ershadi, Debby Cheng, Basil Alex McIntosh, Nikki Zangenah, Maria Vazquez-Machado, Aneri Parekh, Lisa Kam, Nora Bensellam, Crystal Aguh, Wilma Bergfeld, Valerie D. Callender, Leslie Castelo-Soccio, Brittany Craiglow, Dirk Elston, Ronda Farah, Jennifer Fu, Carolyn Goh, Emma Guttman-Yassky, Kathie P. Huang, Ali Jabbari, Chesahna Kindred, Justin Ko, Mark Lebwohl, Kristen I. Lo Sicco, Amy McMichael, Natasha A. Mesinkovska, Paradi Mirmirani, Melissa Piliang, Maryanne Senna, Jerry Shapiro, Jennifer Soung, Susan Taylor, Antonella Tosti, Benjamin Ungar

Importance Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune hair loss disorder that affects more than 7 million people in the US. Before US Food and Drug Administration–approved trials of Janus kinase inhibitors, numerous treatments had been explored, with variable efficacy and quality of evidence. The absence of standardized treatment guidelines may lead to poor treatment outcomes and payer coverage. Objective To establish a consensus on treatment for adults with severe AA in the US. Evidence Review Systematic literature rev …

02.09.2026journal-article

Physics in Medicine & Biology

A physics-constrained Bayesian framework for QSM with uncertainty quantification and variational susceptibility source separation

K A Shahriar, Maruf Ahmed

Abstract Objective . Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) requires inversion of a convolutional dipole operator whose null-space renders susceptibility reconstruction severely ill-posed, making the estimated susceptibility highly sensitive to measurement noise and modeling errors. Existing deep learning methods primarily produce deterministic reconstructions and typically perform susceptibility source separation as an independent post-processing step without explicitly modeling inversion uncertainty or incorpo …

02.09.2026journal-article

Materials and Structures

Impact of induced rapid surface carbonation (IRS-C) treatment on the steel corrosion in reinforced concrete: a counterintuitive effect

Raquel Ruiz, Julio Ramirez, Mirian Velay-Lizancos

Abstract Corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete is one of the main issues plaguing aging infrastructure worldwide. While concrete’s carbonation is usually associated with an increased risk of corrosion, this study proposes a counterintuitive method that uses carbonation of hardened elements to reduce corrosion risk: the induced rapid surface carbonation (IRS-C) treatment. Besides, this study analyzes the impact of IRS-C on the corrosion resistance of precast reinforced concrete elements and explains the mecha …

02.09.2026journal-article

International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery

Design and development of an endoscopic robotic system and deep reinforcement learning path planning algorithm for fine-needle biopsy of liver lesions

Raghav Khanna, Nikola Fischer, Zhenting Du, Christos Bergeles

Abstract This paper presents the design, development and evaluation of a novel robotic platform for endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy of liver lesions. The system combines a four degrees-of-freedom (DoF) two-segment tendon-driven continuum robot (TDCR) endoscope with a two DoF superelastic nickel–titanium bevel-tip steerable needle. Needle path planning is achieved using NeedleNav, a soft actor–critic (SAC) deep reinforcement learning (DRL) model that generates collision-free trajectories to deep-seat …

02.09.2026journal-article

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS

Development of adjuvanted HIV vaccines tailored for early life: immunologic rationale, clinical experience, and future directions

Kinga K. Smolen, Kristina De Paris, Asimenia Angelidou, Troy M. Martin, Simon D. van Haren, Ofer Levy

Purpose of review This review highlights the rationale for and clinical experience in advancing age-specific adjuvantation systems to develop well tolerated and effective pediatric HIV vaccines. Recent findings Due to both cellular and soluble factors, infant immunity is distinct from that of older children and adults, featuring Th2 bias, tolerogenic APC programming, and reduced Tfh support. Due to distinct functional responses downstream of pattern recognition receptor signaling, adjuvant action is age-specific. D …

02.09.2026journal-article

Physics in Medicine & Biology

Biologically optimized 3D range modulators for fast conformal carbon ion therapy: in vitro validation, treatment planning, and robustness analysis

Sae Hyun Hailey Ahn, Domenico Ivan Filosa, Peter Lysakovski, Stephan Brons, Amir Abdollahi, Jürgen Debus, Ivana Dokic, Thomas Tessonnier, Andrea Mairani

Abstract Objective. Patient-specific 3D range modulators (RMs) allow rapid and conformal particle therapy with monoenergetic beams and may support motion management and ultra-high dose rate (UHDR) studies. For carbon ions, however, relative biological effectiveness (RBE) varies strongly with depth, so RM geometry should be optimized for biological effect rather than physical dose alone. This work presents a translational pathway for biologically optimized 3D RMs (bio-RMs) for carbon ion therapy, evaluated through d …

02.09.2026journal-article

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICAL THEORY

Survival Times of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients Based on Treatment Type: A Comparative Nonparametric Survival Analysis

Hindatu Saidu

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer associated with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Survival outcomes among TNBC patients are known to vary depending on the type of treatment received, making comparative survival evaluation essential for clinical decision-making. This study aimed to assess and compare the survival times of TNBC patients based on different treatment types, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, and combination therapy. Survival data fr …

02.09.2026journal-article

Pediatric Nephrology

Patient-reported ratings of transfer to adult care among young adults with chronic kidney disease

Kelsey L. Richardson, Brett Boyer, Kim Grzesek, Cozumel Pruette, Rebecca J. Johnson, Susan L. Furth, Bradley A. Warady, Matthew B. Matheson, Stephen R. Hooper, for the CKiD study investigators

Abstract Background Effective healthcare transitions and transfers of care are crucial for improving long-term health outcomes among adolescents and young adults (AYA) with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Patient-reported outcomes are an important tool to understand patient experience and are underused in CKD transfer evaluation. This study sought to preliminarily identify differences in the transfer experience among AYAs with CKD and identify contributing factors. Methods Participants enrolled in the Chronic Kidney …

02.09.2026journal-article

Behavioral Sciences

Beyond Invisible: Confronting the Policy and Practice Void in Eating Disorder Prevention and Treatment for Indigenous Peoples in Canada

Katherine Fredrickson, Amelia Austin, Maureen Plante, Kienan Williams, Gina Dimitropoulos, Carolyn Melro

Indigenous populations internationally experience eating disorders (EDs) at similar or higher rates than colonizing majority populations. In Canada, emerging evidence suggests that this is also true among First Nations, Métis, and Inuit (FNMI) populations. However, most existing recommendations and best practices for ED prevention, early intervention, and treatment do not consider unique contextual and cultural factors that are relevant to FNMI Peoples, such as the effects of historical and ongoing colonialism. Thi …

02.09.2026journal-article

Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine

Adherence thresholds of tenofovir diphosphate in dried blood spots for HIV treatment and pre-exposure prophylaxis: A scoping review

Mohammed K. Alghamdi, Mohammed W. Ali, Anel Schoonees, Tamara Kredo, Eric Decloedt, Roland van Rensburg

Background: Tenofovir (TFV) is a key antiretroviral used in HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and treatment, with efficacy contingent on adherence. Quantifying TFV concentrations in dried blood spots (DBS) as tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP) is a robust method for determining long-term adherence. However, standardised TFV-DP adherence thresholds in DBS have not been established. Objectives: To map the existing literature on TFV-DP concentration thresholds in DBS for assessing adherence to TFV-based HIV prevention a …

02.09.2026journal-article

Konya Journal of Engineering Sciences

STATISTICAL FEATURES ANALYSIS OF EEG DATA FOR ALS DIAGNOSIS USING MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS

Kenan Yaramış, Hanife Göker, Mustafa Tosun

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurological disease resulting from the dysfunction of motor neurons, making early diagnosis difficult due to the slow progression of clinical symptoms. Early diagnosis is crucial to improving the patient's lifespan and quality of life. Electroencephalography (EEG) signals can be recorded non-invasively and at low cost, making them promising biomarkers for ALS diagnosis. Despite the promising results reported in previous EEG-based ALS diagnosis studies, many exis …

02.09.2026journal-article

Journal of Medical Humanities

William Carlos Williams Poetry Competition Celebrates Medical Student and Physician Poets

Rachel Conrad Bracken

Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED)’s annual poetry competition was named for and envisioned in the spirit of the iconic American poet and pioneering patient-centered physician William Carlos Williams. It honors his legacy by celebrating contemporary clinician writers—both medical students and established practitioners—whose work illustrates the art of medicine and the dynamic interplay of health care and the humanities. An influential poet in the imagist movement in modernist art and literature, Williams’ p …

02.09.2026journal-article

Intensive Care Medicine Experimental

Early mechanical changes of limb muscle in septic shock assessed by dual-plane shear-wave elastography

Ivo Neto Silva, Rui Azevedo, Joana Duarte, Stanislas Abrard, José Alberto Duarte, Karim Bendjelid

Abstract Background Septic shock induces skeletal muscle wasting and neuromuscular dysfunction, contributing to ICU-acquired weakness (ICUAW) and poor recovery after critical illness. Conventional ultrasound primarily captures structural changes but provides limited insight into early muscle mechanical alterations or their relationships with clinical factors. Shear-wave elastography (SWE) enables non-invasive assessment of muscle stiffness, but its performance in critically ill patients remains poorly understood. M …

02.09.2026journal-article

Pilot and Feasibility Studies

Pilot evaluation of pathogen isolation using targeted amplicon next-generation sequencing on sonication fluid for the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infections

Mariana Neri Lucas Kurihara, Ingrid Nayara Santos, Mayara Muniz de Andrade Silva, Laura Batista, Carlos Augusto Finelli, Thomas Stravinskas Durigon, Fernando Baldy dos Reis, Carolina Coelho Cunha, Julia Freitas Orrico, Javad Parvizi, Mauro José Salles

Abstract Background Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains difficult to diagnose due to the limited sensitivity of conventional culture, which frequently yields false-negative results. Targeted amplicon next-generation sequencing (tNGS) offers a method capable of identifying fastidious organisms, polymicrobial infections, and antimicrobial resistance genes. This pilot proof-of-concept study evaluated the feasibility of applying tNGS to sonicated fluid from orthopedic implants compared with conventional cultur …

02.09.2026journal-article

Frontiers in Surgery

Developing expertise in laparoscopic management of total colonic aganglionosis cases: Duhamel vs. Swenson procedures

Ahmed Arafa, Mohamed Hamed Abouelfadl, Belal Eldomiaty, Aboubakr Ahmed, Ahmed Azzam, Mohamad Qinawy, Seham Anwar, Ahmed S. Ragab

Aim To describe technical evolution of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for total colonic aganglionosis (TCA) either Duhamel or Swenson procedures conducted by a single pediatric surgical team. Methods 18 children with histologically proven TCA were managed between March 2018 and March 2022. All underwent laparoscopic definitive pull-through: Group A ( n = 8) received laparoscopic-assisted transanal Swenson-type ileoanal pull-through, and Group B ( n = 10) underwent laparoscopic Duhamel procedure. Thirteen patients …

02.09.2026journal-article

NeuroSci

Simultaneous Percutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation Lead Placement During Spine Surgery

Hiroshi Inagaki

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is an established neuromodulatory therapy for refractory chronic pain; however, the timing of SCS initiation has received relatively little attention. In some patients requiring spine surgery, the indication for SCS is already present at the time of surgery. Percutaneous leads combine reversibility with low invasiveness, allowing the timing of SCS introduction to be matched to clinical need. We describe a technical approach for simultaneous percutaneous SCS lead placement during spine …

02.09.2026journal-article

Physics in Medicine & Biology

Parameterizable salivary gland model for small-scale Monte Carlo radiopharmaceutical therapy dosimetry: evaluation of mouse and human models

David P Adam, Tahir Yusufaly, Ian Marsh, Remco Bastiaannet, Ana Kiess, Wesley E Bolch, Nouran Zaid, Anupriya Chhabra, Rebecca Krimins, Kathy Gabrielson, Cory Brayton, George Sgouros, Robert F Hobbs

Abstract Standard of care radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) may result in dose-limiting side effects of the salivary glands including sialadenitis and xerostomia that are inconsistent with outcomes from external beam for equivalent absorbed doses (ADs). This work develops a parameterizable ‘Macro-to-Micro’ (M2 μ ) model that demonstrates the consideration of small-scale dosimetry in comparison to conventional methods that typically assume uniform voxel or organ-level uptake. Anatomical features of the salivary glan …

02.09.2026journal-article

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

Mitophagy–pyroptosis–macrophage polarization crosstalk in cardiovascular diseases: mechanistic insights and therapeutic potential

Jieying Yuan, Tingru Ji, Ruquan Chen, Yuesong Yuan, Lin Ji

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of global morbidity and mortality. Its development and progression are closely associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, sterile inflammation, and immunometabolic dysregulation. Mitophagy, a key mechanism of mitochondrial quality control, maintains mitochondrial homeostasis by selectively removing damaged mitochondria. However, either insufficient or excessive mitophagy may disrupt cellular metabolism, promote ROS production and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) re …

02.09.2026journal-article

Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology

Time to subsequent therapy (TTST) as an endpoint in clinical studies: development of standardized documentation of subsequent therapy through systematic literature review, expert interviews, and Delphi survey

Bianca Biedenweg, Thorsten Ruppert, Thomas Kohlmann, Martin Danner, Anja Mehnert-Theuerkauf, Diana Lüftner, Ulrike Filippig, Janine Ziemann, Ulrike Osowski, Peter Kaskel

Abstract Background The endpoint Time to Subsequent Therapy (TTST) is an intermediate endpoint used in research and regulatory assessments. TTST denotes initiation of subsequent therapy and is a clearly definable, clinically relevant event for healthcare professionals. However, it has not been systematically established to which extent TTST is subjectively meaningful to patients. The objective of this study was to define TTST as a patient-relevant intermediate endpoint. Methods The study examined five oncological i …

02.09.2026journal-article

Clinical Spine Surgery

Prevalence and Clinical Implications of Vitamin D Deficiency in Spine Surgery Patients

Guoping Xu, Huanting Hu, Lihong Lai, Jiajiang Jiang, Li Li, Ying Ren, Zhan Wang

Study Design: Retrospective study. Objective: To determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients undergoing spine surgery and to evaluate its distribution across demographic characteristics, bone mineral density (BMD), and spine disease categories. A secondary objective was to examine the associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and bone turnover markers (BTMs). Summary of Background Data: Vitamin D is essential for musculoskeletal health. Although previous studies have reported …

02.09.2026journal-article

Physics in Medicine & Biology

Evaluation of volumetric breathing motion prediction of the stomach using dynamic golden-angle radial MRI

Robert Jones, Lianli Liu, Daekeun You, Jeffrey A Fessler, James M Balter

Abstract Objective . The motion of abdominal organs complicates accurate radiotherapy (RT) planning and delivery. Accurate short-term prediction of respiratory motion is essential for image-guided adaptive RT in the abdomen. This study evaluates the performance of a kernel ridge regression-based breathing motion prediction framework (KRR-BMP) for abdominal organs, with particular emphasis on the stomach and its centerline. Approach . Dynamic MRI datasets from 27 scans acquired in 16 patients were processed to gener …

02.09.2026journal-article

Attahadi Medical Journal

Clinical, Epidemiological, and Laboratory Profiles of Mediterranean Spotted Fever among Pediatric and Adult Patients in Eastern Libya: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Arij Abdelgader

Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF) is a tick-borne rickettsiosis and continues to be endemic in the Mediterranean basin, but relatively little contemporary clinical data exist from Libya. This study characterized the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and seasonal profile of clinically diagnosed MSF and identified factors associated with severe disease. A hospital-based retrospective observational study was conducted among consecutive paediatric and adult patients managed at Al-Bayda Medical Center, Libya, from …