Transgender Health
Alterations in Breast Tissue Morphology and Androgen Receptor Expression Following Masculinizing Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy in Transgender Men
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate histological alterations and androgen receptor (AR) expression within breast tissue associated with masculinizing gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) exposure of different duration in transgender men. Methods: A retrospective review of breast histopathological specimens obtained from 81 transgender men following gender-affirming mastectomy between 2017 and 2023 was conducted. Histological features and AR expression were compared between individuals with and without prior GA …