Onkologie: neue Gesundheitspublikationen – Seite 136

28.08.2026journal-article

Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research

Overcoming immune checkpoint inhibitor-mediated T-cell exhaustion with a TCR β chain-directed selective dual T-cell activator

Shantel Angstadt, Lucas A. Horn, Kristen Fousek, Nika Rajabian, Haiyan Qin, Miriam M. Medina-Enriquez, Marcus D. Kelly, Nicole Hsiao-Sanchez, Thomas J. Meyer, Jacques Moisan, Madan Katragadda, Andrew Bayliffe, Zhen Su, Jeffrey Schlom, Claudia Palena

Abstract Background Resistance to immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) using antibodies against the PD-1/PD-L1 axis remains a significant clinical challenge. Here, we report that combination of anti-PD-1 with a bifunctional fusion molecule, anti-TCRβ-IL-2, comprised of a monovalent Fab that binds and activates the T-cell receptor (TCR) through distinct variable beta (Vβ) chain residues and an IL-2 molecule, mediates robust anti-tumor control in the context of ICI resistance. Methods Syngeneic murine models with varyi …

28.08.2026journal-article

Frontiers in Oncology

Cancer screening utilization among insured beneficiaries in Saudi Arabia, 2023–2024: a national analysis of trends, calendar variation, and distribution across breast, cervical, and colorectal screening programs

Abdurahman Alloghbi

Background Breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer (CRC) screening uptake in Saudi Arabia has been reported as consistently low, but no national longitudinal description of insurance-linked screening utilization has been published. This study examined temporal trends, calendar variation, and demographic distribution of cancer screening among privately insured beneficiaries in Saudi Arabia. Methods We analyzed six publicly available Council of Health Insurance datasets reporting monthly breast, cervical, and colorec …

28.08.2026journal-article

British Journal of Health Psychology

Acceptability, perceived outcomes and underlying mechanisms of a professionally led support group intervention for women with breast cancer using a qualitative method approach

Andreia Soares, Diogo Carreiras, Bruna Veloso, Ana Pereira, Priscyla Costa, Mind Project Team, Helena Moreira, Inês A. Trindade

Abstract Objectives Breast cancer (BC) remains the most diagnosed cancer among women worldwide and its growing survivorship population faces numerous long‐term physical and psychological challenges. Cancer support groups emerge as promising interventions to promote comprehensive management of the disease and survivorship needs, emotional well‐being and social connection. Accordingly, this study aimed to analyse the acceptability and perceived impact of the Mind Support Group (MSG), a professionally led support grou …

28.08.2026journal-article

Journal of the Endocrine Society

Colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasm organoids reveal the potential therapeutic value of targeting BRAF mutations

Yanan Chen, Biao Fan, Yue Zhang, Zhijie Wang

Abstract Background Colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) are a rare entity lacking effective pharmacologic therapies. We aimed to address the paucity of preclinical models for colorectal NEN that facilitate the exploration of novel therapeutic strategies. Methods We used 3-dimensional culture techniques to establish colorectal NEN organoids. These organoids were subjected to pathological examination and sequence analyses to verify their neuroendocrine nature. Subsequently, the organoids were subcutaneously imp …

28.08.2026journal-article

Pathogens

Diagnosis of Rare Cervical Tumors: IECC Classification, HPV Status, and Subtype-Directed Immunohistochemistry, with Treatment Outcomes from a Tertiary Center

Osman Doğan, Mürşide Çevikoğlu Kıllı, Mehmet Sait Bakır, Şahin Yüksek, Duygu Kolukısa, Numan Bilgiç, Hasan Turan

Background/Objectives: Rare histologic subtypes of cervical cancer are uncommon and may be misclassified during initial diagnosis. Their recognition depends on subtype-directed immunohistochemistry, which excludes metastatic mimics, and on high-risk HPV (hrHPV) testing, which establishes HPV status. Published series rarely report how the diagnosis was reached. We therefore documented the full diagnostic work-up, together with treatment and outcomes, in a consecutive single-center series. Methods: This was a retrosp …

28.08.2026journal-article

Frontiers in Medicine

Real-time vascular monitoring of PDLs and IPL for vascular treatment: effects of fluence and pulse duration on a rabbit ear model

Tun Tun Aung, Yusang Hu, Xiaohan Liu, Manmei Long, Wanyi Wang, Khin Maung Htwe, Soe Lei May, Yuhao Sun, Yixin Zhang, Zheng Zhang

Background Pulsed dye lasers (PDLs) and intense pulsed light (IPL) are commonly used for treating cutaneous vascular diseases but lack standardized and reproducible treatment protocols. Reliable vascular models are needed to visually assess posttreatment responses. Methods Sixteen male rabbits were divided into two groups, with each ear subdivided into three treatment regions. PDL treatment was applied with pulse durations of 0.45 ms (fluences: 4, 5.5, and 8 J/cm 2 ) and 1.5 ms (fluences: 5.5, 8, and 13 J/cm 2 ). I …

28.08.2026journal-article

Frontiers in Oncology

Advances in understanding the tumor microenvironment of neuroendocrine prostate cancer

Nan Yao, Qixing Yang, Pengkang Chang, Yangcai Wang, Hao Li, Ronghua Wu, Ji Zheng, Weihua Fu

Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is an aggressive, treatment-refractory phenotype of advanced prostate cancer. This narrative review was informed by targeted searches of PubMed, Web of Science through May 2026. We classify evidence as Level A (human NEPC samples or clinical cohorts), Level B (NEPC-specific models), Level C (prostate adenocarcinoma or CRPC without NEPC resolution), or Level D (pan-cancer or non-prostate extrapolation), and apply these levels to central claims and a study-level evidence table. D …

28.08.2026journal-article

Wellcome Open Research

Development and External Validation of a Treatment-Adjusted Machine Learning Model to Support Risk-Informed Group-Based Depression Care for People Living with HIV in Uganda

Shakira Babirye, Rongjie Huang, Chengbo Zeng, Jeremiah Mutinye, Barbara Kemigisha, Kizito Wamala, Rosco Kasujja, Kenneth Kalani, Raquel Andres Martinez, Etheldreda Nakimuli-Mpungu

Background Group-based depression care is widely used in HIV services in Uganda, yet some patients remain symptomatic following treatment. We developed and externally validated a treatment-adjusted machine learning model to support risk-informed group-based depression care for people living with HIV (PLWH). Methods We analyzed data from 1,140 adults living with HIV and significant depression symptoms enrolled across 30 HIV clinics in the SEEK-GSP trial (PACTR201608001738234). Participants received either Group Supp …

28.08.2026journal-article

Journal of Personalized Medicine

Clinical Decision-Making Regarding the Added Value of Postoperative Chemotherapy After Complete Secondary Cytoreductive Surgery in Unifocal First Recurrent Epithelial Ovarian Cancer—An International Expert Survey

Renée E. W. M. van de Vorst, Sophie S. M. Pelk, Eelke H. Gort, Petronella O. Witteveen, Ronald P. Zweemer, Cornelis G. Gerestein

Background: Secondary cytoreductive surgery (SCS) followed by postoperative chemotherapy is a recognized option for select patients with platinum-sensitive first recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), supported by the DESKTOP-III and SOC-1 trials. Neither trial reported chemotherapy rates stratified by lesion number or resection status. As a result, the added value of postoperative chemotherapy after complete resection of a unifocal recurrence remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate current clinical pract …

28.08.2026journal-article

Medicine

Traditional Chinese medicine monotherapy in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer

Xinyu Feng, Jianlong Ke, Xiaorong Chen, Xinyue Cao, Jingling Dai, Shaoquan Xiong

Rationale: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive malignancy. It typically advances quickly, spreads distantly at an early stage, and carries a dismal prognosis, factors that collectively present formidable obstacles to effective treatment. To date, evidence regarding the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used alone in extensive-stage SCLC remains sparse. Patient concerns: A 79-year-old man presented with a persistent cough, exertional shortness of breath, hemoptysis with pale-red st …

28.08.2026journal-article

Medicine

Research developments in nanobiomaterials for tumor vaccines

Hengheng Dai, Weiwei Kong, Tingting Liu, Xiaoxia Fei

One of the most researched forms of tumor immunotherapy is tumor vaccines, which activate antigen-presenting cells (APCs) by administering adjuvants and tumor antigens, triggering an immune response against the tumor. Tumor growth is remarkably inhibited, and tumor metastasis and recurrence are prevented by tumor vaccines. However, to increase therapeutic benefit and ultimately improve the clinic, it is imperative to identify efficient delivery materials and mechanisms, as conventional tumor vaccines have shortcomi …

28.08.2026journal-article

Journal of Translational Medicine

Transcriptomic profiling of lineage transformation and actionable therapy opportunities in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer evolving to small cell lung cancer

Hui Yu, Meichen Li, Xiaodie Li, Mingjie Yu, Yin Pan, Jingping Yun, Likun Chen

Abstract Background Neuroendocrine transformation of epidermal growth factor receptor-mutant lung adenocarcinoma (EGFR m LUAD) represents a significant mechanism underlying acquired resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). This histological transformation lacks effective treatments. We comprehensively discussed the treatments of transformed small cell lung cancer (T-SCLC) and analyzed the transcriptomic profile of EGFR m LUAD and paired T-SCLC, aiming to understand the immune landscape of this T-SCLC s …

28.08.2026journal-article

Pharmaceuticals

Artificial Intelligence-Guided Prioritization and Experimental Evaluation of Synergistic Target Combinations for Breast Cancer Therapy

Chunlai Feng, Qiuqi Feng, Shengnan She, Ruojing Yang, Mengru Li, Lu Gong, Mengjie Rui

Background/Objectives: Breast cancer exhibits substantial molecular heterogeneity, resulting in diverse therapeutic vulnerabilities and limiting the efficacy of single-agent therapies. Although multi-target strategies may offer improved therapeutic benefit, the systematic identification of synergistic higher-order target combinations remains challenging. This study aimed to identify and validate effective higher-order target combinations for heterogeneous breast cancer. Methods: DeepMDS, a previously developed deep …

28.08.2026journal-article

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

IMPAACT 2041: Designing the Study of Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir Treatment During Pregnancy

Ravi Jhaveri, Kristina M Brooks, Vincent Mainella, John Marcinak, Mong-Jen Chen, Katie McCarthy, Camlin Tierney, Zhongli J Zhang, Bryan S Nelson, Patricia M Flynn, Nathan Furukawa, Ahizechukwu C Eke, IMPAACT 2041 Protocol Team, Renee Browning, Haley Brozik, Margaret Burroughs, Christine Chiou, Maria Corcorran, Emma Duffy, Molly Dyer, Alexandru Iacob, Cheryl Jennings, Vindya Kakarla, Jatinder Kaur, Sonia Lee, Philip Marzinek, Andrea McMunn, Talia Pindyck, Chitara Rowry, Hannah Small, Leah Spalding, Chelsea Stotz, Franklin Yates

Abstract The significant increase in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection prevalence among young adults, including those who may become pregnant, has led to a corresponding increase in the number of infants exposed to and infected with HCV. Despite a recommendation for universal HCV screening during pregnancy, there is not always a clear pathway to immediately initiate treatment for maternal cure, which could also prevent vertical transmission like the approach for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or hepatitis B vir …

28.08.2026journal-article

Frontiers in Genetics

Machine learning-integrated multi-omics risk prediction for pulmonary fungal infection in COPD and lung cancer: a transcriptomic and immune profiling study

Yibin Zhang, Lujun Dai

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer are major risk factors for invasive pulmonary fungal infection (IPFI), carrying an attributable mortality of 30%–80%. Their coexistence further amplifies immunosuppression, while current diagnostic criteria remain inadequate for early risk identification. Methods Transcriptomic data from the GEO dataset GSE296912 (scRNA-seq; 12,078 cells from normal and COPD lung tissue) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) bulk RNA-seq …

28.08.2026journal-article

Journal of Neuro-Oncology

Variation in meningioma recurrence risk estimates across observational cohorts: the influence of calendar time, WHO classifications, geographical settings, and healthcare systems

Christian Mirian, Lasse Rehné Jensen, Adam Gorm Hoffmann, Tareq A. Juratli, Anders Broechner, Sverre H. Torp, Helen A. Shih, Ramin A. Morshed, Jacob S. Young, Stephen T. Magill, Luca Bertero, Walter Stummer, Dorothee Cäcilia Spille, Benjamin Brokinkel, Soichi Oya, Satoru Miyawaki, Nobuhito Saito, Martin Proescholdt, Yasuhiro Kuroi, Konstantinos Gousias, Matthias Simon, Jennifer Moliterno, Ricardo Prat-Acin, Stéphane Goutagny, Vikram C. Prabhu, John T. Tsiang, Johannes Wach, Erdem Güresir, Junkoh Yamamoto, Young Zoon Kim, Joo Ho Lee, Daniel W. Kim, Matthew Koshy, Karthikeyan Perumal, Mustafa K. Baskaya, Donald M. Cannon, Dennis C. Shrieve, Chang-Ok Suh, Jong Hee Chang, Maria Kamenova

Abstract Purpose Recurrence risk estimates underpin meningioma research, including molecular classification and clinical trial benchmarking, yet are often based on retrospective or historical data. The aim of this study was to assess the variation of recurrence risk estimates across calendar periods, WHO classification editions, geographical settings, and healthcare systems.thetermine Methods We analyzed 4,111 patients with primary WHO-1/-2 meningiomas from 31 centers in 15 countries (1990–2019). Recurrence was def …

28.08.2026journal-article

Interface Focus

A variant intercriteria analysis method based on mean value: an application to prostate cancer data

Krassimir Atanassov, Lyudmila Todorova, Peter Vassilev, Elenko Popov, Angel Bozhkov, Chavdar Slavov, Vassia Atanassova

Abstract In recent decades, multicriteria analysis methods have been increasingly used in decision-making in the field of medicine. In this work, we present a modification of an established approach for this purpose—InterCriteria Analysis. In the new algorithm, the determination of the similarity in behaviour between pairs of criteria is based on the relations of the respective pairs of objects to the mean values of the respective criteria. The proposed modification of InterCriteria Analysis was applied to a datase …

28.08.2026journal-article

Frontiers in Pharmacology

Efficacy and safety of modified Xiaoyao-san in the treatment of postoperative depression of breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Bozhen Huang, Hongyi Lan, Meijiao Zhou, Shanshan Song, Manman Zhang, Luyao Wang, Min Jiang

Objective To comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of modified Xiaoyao-san (XYS) in the treatment of postoperative depression of breast cancer patients through systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the treatment of postoperative depression of breast cancer patients with modified XYS were searched from eight databases. All relevant literature from the inception of each database up to 12 July 2026 were retrieved. The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was us …

28.08.2026journal-article

Natural Resources for Human Health

Pogostemon parviflorus promoting apoptosis of cervical cancer cell line: An In-vitro study

Harsha Thanvi, Jayshree Changade, Vaibhav Sunil Ladke

Cervical cancer is prevalent among women and is associated with a significant mortality rate. Chemotherapy is frequently employed as a treatment modality; however, its efficacy in addressing cervical cancer is constrained by significant side effects and the development of treatment resistance. The research evaluates the anticancer properties of Pogostemon parviflorus extract on a human cervical cancer cell line. The hydroalcoholic extract of the leaf portion of P. parviflorus was meticulously prepared employing est …

28.08.2026journal-article

International Journal of Biology and Life Sciences

Meta-Analysis of the Intervention Effects of PERMA Model-Based Nursing Care on Breast Cancer Patients

Yiran Liu, Yancan Wang, Wei Su, Yangyang Sun, Lin Cheng

Objective: Systematically evaluate the intervention effect of nursing based on PERMA mode on breast cancer patients, and provide evidence-based evidence for tumor psychological nursing. Methods: Computer searches were conducted to retrieve randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL, Embase, China Biomedical Literature Database, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP (up to March 2025), and data was analyzed using Review Manager 5.4. A total of 7 studies (672 patients …

28.08.2026journal-article

Journal of Clinical Medicine

Association of Parental Health Literacy with Treatment Adherence and Clinical Outcomes in Adolescents with Allergic Rhinitis: A Controlled Longitudinal Study

Fatih Kaplan, Abdulgani Gülyüz, Bilge Kurnaz Kaplan

Background: Parental health literacy may be associated with treatment adherence and clinical outcomes in adolescents with allergic rhinitis (AR), but evidence regarding these relationships remains limited. Objective: To evaluate the associations of parental health literacy with treatment adherence and clinical outcomes in adolescents with AR and to compare parental health literacy and baseline sleep-related symptom burden between adolescents with AR and healthy controls. Methods: In this controlled longitudinal obs …

28.08.2026journal-article

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Metabolic Dysfunction and Related Dietary Exposures in Relation to Pancreatic Cancer Risk: A Review of the Evidence

Junsu Yang, Yicong Huang, Artitaya Lophatananon, Kenneth R. Muir

Pancreatic cancer is a highly lethal malignancy with an increasing global incidence. Although metabolic dysfunction has been implicated in pancreatic cancer risk, the strength and consistency of evidence across different metabolic traits remain uncertain. Evidence for dietary exposures related to metabolic regulation is also less clearly established. This umbrella review synthesised evidence from systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and umbrella reviews evaluating metabolic dysfunction and related dietary exposures i …

28.08.2026journal-article

Cancer Discovery

Deconvolving SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Impact on Immunotherapy-Related Survival

Justin Jee, Jiajia Zhang, Jessica A. Lavery, Michele Waters, Christoper J. Fong, Andy J. Minn, Michael S. Glickman, Katherine S. Panageas, Charles L. Sawyers, Nikolaus Schultz

Abstract Real-world data suggest that SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines, administered within 100 days of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment (“peri-ICI vaccination”), may improve ICI effectiveness through synergistic immune priming. In an independent real-world cohort and reanalysis of a published cohort, both from tertiary cancer centers in the United States, multiple analyses did not support a treatment-synergy hypothesis. Applying a prior analytic framework, although longer survival with peri-ICI vaccination was …

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28.08.2026journal-article

United European Gastroenterology Journal

Artificial Intelligence‐Estimated Intrapancreatic Fat and Its Relationship to Familial and Germline Pancreatic Cancer Risk

Tom Konikoff, Laurens P. Janssens, Hiroaki Takahashi, Garima Suman, Fred Nugen, Anup Mishra, Panos Korfiatis, Erin E. Carlson, William R. Bamlet, Aishwarya Pradeep, Kelly Harper, Karen A. Doering, Adriana Delgado, Bradley J. Erickson, Ajit H. Goenka, Naoki Takahashi, Ann L. Oberg, Shounak Majumder

ABSTRACT Background Family history of pancreatic cancer (PC), pathogenic germline variants (PGVs), and increased intrapancreatic fat (IPF) are individually associated with increased PC risk. Whether IPF is elevated in high‐risk individuals (HRIs) with PC family history or PGVs is unknown. Although MRI is the preferred modality for IPF measurement, region‐of‐interest–based approaches are prone to sampling bias because pancreatic fat is heterogeneously distributed. We aimed to compare IPF among HRIs and matched non‐H …

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Aktuelle Forschung nach Fachgebiet

Overcoming immune checkpoint inhibitor-mediated T-cell exhaustion with a TCR β chain-directed selective dual T-cell activator

Cancer screening utilization among insured beneficiaries in Saudi Arabia, 2023–2024: a national analysis of trends, calendar variation, and distribution across breast, cervical, and colorectal screening programs

Acceptability, perceived outcomes and underlying mechanisms of a professionally led support group intervention for women with breast cancer using a qualitative method approach

Colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasm organoids reveal the potential therapeutic value of targeting BRAF mutations

Diagnosis of Rare Cervical Tumors: IECC Classification, HPV Status, and Subtype-Directed Immunohistochemistry, with Treatment Outcomes from a Tertiary Center

Real-time vascular monitoring of PDLs and IPL for vascular treatment: effects of fluence and pulse duration on a rabbit ear model

Advances in understanding the tumor microenvironment of neuroendocrine prostate cancer

Development and External Validation of a Treatment-Adjusted Machine Learning Model to Support Risk-Informed Group-Based Depression Care for People Living with HIV in Uganda

Clinical Decision-Making Regarding the Added Value of Postoperative Chemotherapy After Complete Secondary Cytoreductive Surgery in Unifocal First Recurrent Epithelial Ovarian Cancer—An International Expert Survey

Traditional Chinese medicine monotherapy in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer

Research developments in nanobiomaterials for tumor vaccines

Transcriptomic profiling of lineage transformation and actionable therapy opportunities in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer evolving to small cell lung cancer

Artificial Intelligence-Guided Prioritization and Experimental Evaluation of Synergistic Target Combinations for Breast Cancer Therapy

IMPAACT 2041: Designing the Study of Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir Treatment During Pregnancy

Machine learning-integrated multi-omics risk prediction for pulmonary fungal infection in COPD and lung cancer: a transcriptomic and immune profiling study

Variation in meningioma recurrence risk estimates across observational cohorts: the influence of calendar time, WHO classifications, geographical settings, and healthcare systems

A variant intercriteria analysis method based on mean value: an application to prostate cancer data

Efficacy and safety of modified Xiaoyao-san in the treatment of postoperative depression of breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Pogostemon parviflorus promoting apoptosis of cervical cancer cell line: An In-vitro study

Meta-Analysis of the Intervention Effects of PERMA Model-Based Nursing Care on Breast Cancer Patients

Association of Parental Health Literacy with Treatment Adherence and Clinical Outcomes in Adolescents with Allergic Rhinitis: A Controlled Longitudinal Study

Metabolic Dysfunction and Related Dietary Exposures in Relation to Pancreatic Cancer Risk: A Review of the Evidence

Deconvolving SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Impact on Immunotherapy-Related Survival

Artificial Intelligence‐Estimated Intrapancreatic Fat and Its Relationship to Familial and Germline Pancreatic Cancer Risk