EUVIMED Themenbrowser · Onkologie · Seite 131
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Koloproktologia
A few papers on bladder augmentation in patient with local advanced colon cancer are found in literature. «Gold» standard here is small intestinal augmentation. A clinical case of using stomach for this is presented.
Koloproktologia
B ACKGROUND: the optimal treatment strategy for patients with rectal cancer who achieve a complete or nearcomplete clinical response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is challenging. AIM: to assess oncological outcomes after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by total mesorectumectomy (TME) or local excision of residual rectal tumor (TEM). MA TERIALS AND METHODS: a systematic review and meta-analysis were done according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A literature search included PubMed, MEDLINE, and e-library …
Journal of Health Psychology
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) poses a critical challenge, particularly where conventional treatments fail. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has shown clinical efficacy, yet little is known about how patients in Peruvian contexts perceive this intervention. This study explored patients’ lived experiences of TMS, emphasising how adherence, acceptance, and perceived efficacy were shaped by subjective, relational, and contextual factors. Using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), five women age …
Journal of Endovascular Therapy
Background/Objective. Acute mesenteric ischaemia (AMI) is a multidisciplinary emergency, requiring the involvement of different medical specialties for successful management. Endovascular aspiration thrombectomy (EAT) has entered the field leading to the possibility of treating acute arterial occlusions with a minimally invasive approach. The aim of the study was to provide contemporary data on results after use of EAT in AMI patients. Methods. The study was a retrospective, observational, multicentre study conduct …
International Journal of Cancer
ABSTRACT Breast cancer progression varies across molecular subtypes, influencing detection rates and prognosis. Differences in the proportion of interval cancers (PIC)—cancers detected symptomatically between scheduled screening rounds—have been observed across subtypes, likely reflecting heterogeneity in tumour growth dynamics. We applied a continuous‐growth natural history model to a cohort of 7818 breast cancer patients diagnosed between 2007 and 2020 in Sweden. Using subtype‐specific estimates, we quantified th …
Diagnostics
Objective: Patients with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in the 4–10 ng/mL gray zone present a diagnostic challenge, as PSA alone cannot reliably distinguish clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) from benign conditions or indolent disease, potentially leading to unnecessary biopsies or missed clinically significant disease. This study aimed to develop a risk prediction model for csPCa in this population using clinical indicators and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) quantitative data, and to evaluate …
Medicina
Background and Objectives: Deciding which pigmented or non-pigmented skin lesions require surgical excision, as opposed to continued observation, is a common challenge in everyday dermatologic practice. Although dermoscopy is well established as a tool that improves melanoma detection accuracy compared with naked-eye examination, real-world evidence on how demographic profile, patient history, and dermoscopic impression jointly influence the surgical decision remains limited. This study examined the clinical and de …
World Journal of Gastroenterology
Endoscopic surveillance plays a fundamental role in the long-term management of patients treated for colorectal cancer. Despite significant advances in surgical techniques, systemic therapies, and molecular diagnostics, recurrence and metachronous neoplasia remain clinically relevant challenges, particularly within the first three years following curative-intent treatment. This review summarizes current evidence and major guideline recommendations on endoscopic follow-up after colorectal resection, endoscopic remov …
ACS ES&T Engineering
Abstract Cross-feeding, defined as the exchange of metabolites within the microbiome, plays a critical role in the promotion of bacterial activity and growth. Marine anammox bacteria (MAB) possess natural advantages for the treatment of marine wastewater (MW). Herein, the folate-mediated cross-feeding mechanism in MAB-based microbiome was first elucidated under salt stress. The total nitrogen removal rate notably reached 5.2 kg/(m3·d) at the optimal exogenous folate concentration (1.1 mg/L). The stoichiometric rati …
Clinical Cancer Research
Abstract Purpose: Behavioral weight loss (BWL) interventions consisting of remote coaching and self-monitoring have limited effectiveness in breast cancer survivors. We conducted a single-arm phase II study evaluating the addition of Contrave for <5% weight loss (%WL) after 2 months of BWL. Patients and Methods: Women with prior stage 0 to III breast cancer and a body mass index ≥27 kg/m2 were eligible and initiated BWL. We collected weight, patient-reported outcomes, and labs at baseline, 2 months, and 6 months. A …
Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology
Radiotherapy is a widely used method in the treatment of head-and-neck cancers; however, irradiation of surrounding oral structures often results in clinical complications such as dental caries, oral mucositis, osteoradionecrosis, dysphagia, dysgeusia, xerostomia and trismus. To address such issues, a patient-specific hybrid double-layer orthodontic mouthguard has been proposed to simultaneously enhance the radiation shielding and biomechanical comfort in treatments. The customized device integrates radiation-shiel …
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) serves as the gold standard for staging regional lymph node metastasis of solid tumors, which is crucial for guiding clinical treatment decisions and evaluating prognosis. Conventional intraoperative detection methods for SLN, such as frozen section and touch imprint cytology, have limitations including low sensitivity for micrometastasis, long detection time, and high subjectivity. Raman spectroscopy (RS), as a label-free, non-destructive optical molecular imaging technology, can …
Breast Cancer Research
Abstract Background Approximately 70% of breast cancers are estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, with endocrine therapy (ET) forming the treatment backbone. ET plus CDK4/6 inhibitors is standard-of-care for advanced and high-risk early-stage ER+ breast cancer. Despite improved outcomes, resistance and progression remain major challenges. p53 is wild type in most ER+ cancers and is suppressed by its negative regulator MDM2. We previously showed that MDM2 inhibition is effective in ET-resistant ER+ models, however its ef …
Oncology Reviews
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with poor prognosis in advanced stage diseases. Although early diagnosis has the potential to improve patient outcomes, current diagnostic methods remain suboptimal, highlighting the need for accurate molecular biomarkers. We systematically reviewed 49 studies to evaluate the diagnostic performance of SHOX2 methylation, RASSF1A methylation, and their combined panel for lung cancer detection. The combined SHOX2/RASSF1A methylation panel dem …
Frontiers in Oncology
Clonal evolution in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and gastric cancer (GC) reflects the interaction of genetic diversification, cell-state plasticity, and tissue-specific selection. Multi-region and single-cell DNA sequencing resolve truncal and subclonal lineages, whereas single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, proteomics, and serial liquid biopsy characterize cellular states, ecological niches, and temporal dynamics. The three cancers differ in dissemination timing, do …
Arthritis & Rheumatology
Background Cancer represents a major cause of mortality in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Established risk factors are limited to specific subsets, particularly early diffuse anti‐RNA polymerase III (POLR3)‐positive disease, needing further exploration. Methods We performed a nested case‐control study within EUSTAR: cases were SSc patients developing cancer at any timepoint; controls were cancer‐free SSc matched for age and disease duration. Malignancies were classified as synchronous to SSc onset (±3 years), subsequent …
Frontiers in Oncology
Purpose To develop and validate a combined model integrating intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics features, deep transfer learning features from multiparametric MRI (DCE-MRI, T2WI, and DWI), and clinical indicators, and to evaluate its diagnostic performance and clinical utility for preoperative prediction of HER2 expression status in breast cancer. Methods We collected data from 411 breast cancer patients from three centers retrospectively (training set: 212; internal validation set: 91; external test sets: 50 a …
Angewandte Chemie International Edition
ABSTRACT Light‐driven photoredox catalysis can shift intracellular NADH/NAD + balance by oxidizing NADH, but intracellular NADH pools are dynamically replenished through enzyme‐coupled redox metabolism. We show that ALDH‐mediated restoration of NADH/NAD + balance can buffer photoredox‐induced NADH depletion, providing a design rationale for coupling enzyme inhibition with photoredox catalysis. To counteract this redox‐buffering process, we introduce an enzymatic–photocatalytic strategy, termed E–PC, that integrates …
International Journal of Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management Applications
Detection of life-threatening disease at an early stage is crucial for improving patient survival rates. The advancement in diagnostic technology has made disease identification faster and more accurate. Brain tumors are very critical and require prompt and precise detection for treatment. Deep learning algorithms can aid medical experts in diagnosis and treatment. Capsule Networks, a Deep Learning technique, have shown significant potential in medical diagnosis. The performance of capsule networks is driven mainly …
World Journal of Gastroenterology
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) represents one of the most prevalent malignancies globally and is ranked as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) infection is a major risk factor for GC, however, the molecular mechanisms by which H. pylori promotes gastric carcinogenesis remain unclear. AIM To investigate how H. pylori promotes GC development by activating specific signaling pathways. METHODS Transcriptome sequencing identified epidermal growth factor receptor kinase …
Frontiers in Pharmacology
Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection remains a global health challenge, necessitating personalized treatment strategies to optimize patient outcomes. Digital twin technology—synchronized with real-world entities—offers a pathway to precision medicine in HIV care. Methods We analyzed 5,436 HIV patients (2016–2024) with demographic, immunologic, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) information. Core algorithms comprised gradient boosting and random forest ensembles; deep architectures (LSTM and Transfo …
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
Background Bladder cancer (BLCA) is a common malignancy, with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) associated with a 5-year survival rate below 50%. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are heterogeneous stromal components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) that contribute to tumor progression, therapy resistance, and immune evasion. However, the molecular basis of CAF diversity and immune regulation in BLCA remains incompletely understood. Methods We analyzed single-cell transcriptomic data from GEO dataset GSE1 …
Medicine
The optimal treatment strategy for elderly patients with distant metastatic gallbladder cancer (GBC, M1) remains controversial. We extracted data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database for 528 elderly patients (aged ≥ 60 years) diagnosed with M1 GBC between 2000 and 2020. Patients were stratified by age (60–69, 70–79, ≥80 years) and treatment received: no surgery or chemotherapy (Group N), surgery alone (Group S), chemotherapy alone (Group C), or surgery combined with chemotherapy (Gro …
Medicine
Rationale: Elderly patients with severe COVID-19 frequently develop chronic critical illness marked by prolonged ventilation, multidrug-resistant infections, enteral-nutrition (EN) intolerance, and persistent inflammation–immunosuppression–catabolism syndrome, making liberation from the ventilator and recovery difficult. Integrative Chinese and Western medicine (ICWM) is hypothesized to modulate immunity and the gut–lung axis and to stabilize frail physiology during long ICU courses. Patient concerns: An 87-year-ol …
