Head Nurse Leadership Style Based on Bureaucratic Caring Theory: Action Research Study

Vollständiger Abstract

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This study aimed to develop a head nurse leadership model based on Bureaucratic Caring Theory in Bhayangkara Level III Hospital, Manado. A qualitative action research design was applied involving head nurses selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, reflective leadership practice, and field notes. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify patterns in leadership experiences. Four main themes were generated: bureaucratic structure in nursing units, leadership functions of head nurses including planning, organizing, directing, and controlling, application of caring values in leadership practice, and organizational culture and work ethic related to communication and leadership autonomy. The findings showed that head nurse leadership was not only a structural role but also a dynamic process integrating managerial functions, decision-making, communication, and caring values. The study concluded that an integrated leadership model combining organizational structure, caring values, and work culture was essential to enhance leadership effectiveness and nursing service quality.