Building Policy Capacity in A Newly Established Hajj and Umrah Ministry: A Theory-to-Practice Review for Integrated Pilgrim Services

Vollständiger Abstract

Worum geht es in dieser Arbeit?

Indonesia established the Ministry of Hajj and Umrah in 2025, creating an institutional transition in which transferred mandates and multilevel, cross-border service arrangements must be integrated while services continue. This article asks how the Wu–Ramesh–Howlett policy-capacity framework can inform that transition without presuming an existing capacity deficit. A Conceptual Review Article was conducted through a Theory-Focused Narrative Literature Review with a Theory-to-Practice orientation. Six final documented Scopus search runs, executed on 17 August 2026, yielded 298 records and 255 unique records after deduplication. Full text was sought for 58 sources; 11 unavailable records remained discovery-only, and 47 peer-reviewed journal articles were verified in full and synthesized. The review reconstructs policy capacity as analytical, operational, and political competences across individual, organizational, and systemic levels. Applications and criticisms show that capacity is configurational, demand-dependent, dynamic, and relational rather than a direct proxy for policy success. The synthesis translates the original nine-cell taxonomy into five domains: Evidence, Learning, and Service Intelligence; Mandate-to-Delivery Mobilization; Integrated Domestic and Cross-Border Orchestration; Legitimacy, Accountability, and Stakeholder Authorization; and Adaptive Readiness and Demand-Capacity Fit. The resulting framework offers conditional diagnostic questions and practice options for ministry management and parliamentary oversight. Its contribution is conceptual and translational, not a new or empirically validated theory, and it does not establish current ministry weaknesses or predict intervention effectiveness.