Labirintite: aspectos clínicos, diagnóstico e tratamento

Vollständiger Abstract

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Labyrinthitis is an inflammatory condition affecting the labyrinth, a structure located in the inner ear responsible for balance and hearing. Clinically, it manifests mainly with intense vertigo, nausea, vomiting, postural instability, and, in some cases, hearing loss. The aim of this study is to review the main epidemiological, pathophysiological, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects related to labyrinthitis. This is a narrative review of scientific literature based on recent national and international articles. The results demonstrate that viral infections represent the main causes of the disease, although bacterial, metabolic, and vascular factors may also be involved. Diagnosis is predominantly clinical, complemented by otoneurological examinations when necessary. Treatment includes symptomatic measures, vestibular rehabilitation, and control of triggering factors. It is concluded that appropriate management and correct differential diagnosis are essential for reducing symptoms and improving patients’ quality of life.