Work-Related Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Low Back Pain Among Health Workers: A Narrative Review

Vollständiger Abstract

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Low back pain (LBP) is one of the leading causes of disability globally and represents a significant occupational health challenge among health workers. Due to the physically demanding nature of healthcare delivery, workers are frequently exposed to biomechanical, ergonomic, psychosocial, and organizational risk factors that predispose them to LBP. This review examines the epidemiological burden, determinants, impacts, and intervention strategies related to LBP among health workers, with emphasis on global, Sub-Saharan African, and Nigerian contexts. Evidence shows that LBP is highly prevalent among health workers, particularly among nurses and physiotherapists. In Nigeria, structural challenges such as inadequate staffing, poor ergonomic practices, and lack of occupational health infrastructure further exacerbate the burden. This review highlights gaps in policy implementation and proposes evidence-based recommendations including ergonomic training, improved workplace design, and strengthened occupational health systems. Addressing LBP is essential for improving workforce productivity, ensuring quality healthcare delivery, and achieving sustainable health system goals.