Therapeutic and Intervening Effects of Triptolide in Pancreatic Cancer and Their Molecular Mechanisms

Vollständiger Abstract

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Pancreatic cancer is a very aggressive digestive cancer that often appears subtly, is difficult to diagnose in its early stages, has a poor prognosis, is susceptible to chemotherapy resistance, and conventional comprehensive therapy cannot extend the life of patients. Triptolide is an extracted bioactive substance from Tripterygium wilfordii; it has shown good anti-tumour activity in pancreatic cancer and is thus considered a promising new natural anti-cancer drug. Review of the research progress and molecular mechanisms of Triptolide in the progression of pancreatic cancer. Triptolide suppresses the growth, movement and spread of pancreatic cancer cells in some ways. It can interfere with the TLR4/NF-κB pathway to promote the apoptosis of cancer cells and increase their sensitivity to gemcitabine, and at the same time, it may affect the Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 axis to induce ferroptosis. It can regulate the factors of autophagy and is related to the path of apoptosis, ferroptosis and autophagy that suppresses cancer cells. It is highly toxic, has a narrow therapeutic window and poor selectivity; therefore, it has not been used in clinical practice yet. This paper will explore the different anti-pancreatic cancer mechanisms of triptolide and offer theoretical support for the further development and clinical application of natural anti-tumor drugs.