Senolytics: a new perspective on connective tissue aging prevention and osteoarthritis therapy

Vollständiger Abstract

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Background. Aging processes affecting all organs and systems of the body, including connective tissue, supporting joints and spine, significantly reduce the quality of life of patients of elderly and senile age. Senescent cells are resistant to apoptosis, they have increased metabolic activity, without suppression of which the accumulation of senescent cells occurs, and leads to chronic inflammation and connective tissue dysfunction. Senescent cells have a powerful senescence-associated secretory phenotype, which can enhance the aging process by suppressing the function of stem cells, disrupting tissue homeostasis, and increasing aseptic inflammation. Senolytic drugs, which have the ability to suppress pro-inflammatory cytokines, transcription factors, growth factors, and kinases, can be used to delay the aging of connective tissue and the development of the age-dependent phenotype of osteoarthritis. Conclusion. One of the promising areas is the use of therapy that includes undenatured type II collagen in a standard dosage of 40 mg. Undenatured type II collagen can be considered as a potential geroprotector, as it has an immunomodulatory effect by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha, metalloproteinase-1 and -13, interleukin-1 and -6), increasing the synthesis of anti-inflammatory mediators (transforming growth factor beta, interleukin-4, interleukin-10), and thus reducing joint inflammation and promoting cartilage regeneration. Oral forms of undenatured type II collagen are used in the Russian market as part of the domestic Chondroguard TRIO. The experience of oral use of dietary supplements in patients with osteoarthritis and lower back pain with comorbid diseases is presented. The clinical efficacy and safety of auxiliary support with pharmaconutrient in patients of different age groups with different osteoarthritis phenotypes (post-traumatic, metabolic), in elderly patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joints are demonstrated.