Retrospective Evaluation of Dental Treatment Modalities Performed Under General Anesthesia in Pediatric Patients

Vollständiger Abstract

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Aim: This study aimed to evaluate dental procedures performed under general anesthesia (GA) in children and to analyze the associations of treatment types with age group, gender, and tooth type. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on pediatric patients who underwent comprehensive dental treatment under GA between 2017 and 2025. Data from 2703 treated teeth were analyzed, including demograph-ic variables, tooth type (primary or permanent), and treatment categories (preventive, restorative, endodontic, extrac-tion). Subcategories such as fissure sealant, fluoride application, compomer and composite restorations, stainless steel and zirconia crowns, pulpotomy, and pulpectomy were also recorded. Statistical analyses were performed using the Chi-square test, with a significance level set at p < 0.05. Results: A total of 211 children were included, of whom 125 (59.2%) were male and 86 (40.8%) were female. Because the analyses were performed at the tooth level, age-group and tooth-type distributions are reported for 2703 treated teeth. Of these, 2095 (77.5%) belonged to children aged 0–6 years, 608 (22.5%) to children aged 7–12 years, 2481 (91.8%) were primary teeth, and 222 (8.2%) were permanent teeth. Restorative treatments were the most common procedures (63.1%), followed by extraction treatments (18.4%), endodontic treatments (15.1%), and preventive treatments (3.4%). Compomer restorations (34.3%) and stainless steel crowns (19.2%) were the most frequent restora-tive procedures. Treatment type was significantly associated with age group and tooth type (both p < 0.001), whereas no significant association was found with gender. Restorative and endodontic treatments were more frequent in the 0–6-year group, whereas preventive and extraction treatments were proportionally more frequent in the 7–12-year group. Preventive treatments were more frequent in permanent teeth, whereas endodontic treatments and extractions were more frequent in primary teeth. Conclusion: Restorative procedures predominated among dental treatments performed under GA. Treatment patterns differed according to age group and tooth type, whereas no significant gender-based difference was observed. These findings may help clinicians better anticipate treatment needs and support preventive planning in children requiring comprehensive dental care under GA.