Evaluation of the relationship between lifestyle factors and vitamin D levels in healthcare workers

Vollständiger Abstract

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Aim This study evaluated the effects of lifestyle habits on serum 25(OH)D levels and the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among healthcare workers. Methods In this retrospective study, laboratory and demographic data of 204 healthcare workers who attended the Internal Medicine outpatient clinic between January 1, 2023, and January 1, 2024, and had serum vitamin D levels measured were analyzed. Lifestyle factors, including sun exposure, clothing style, physical activity, smoking, and alcohol use, were assessed using a researcher-designed questionnaire. Categorical variables were expressed as frequencies and percentages, and continuous variables as means or medians according to data distribution. Statistical analyses were performed. Results The mean serum 25(OH)D level was 7.31 ± 5.41 ng/mL, indicating marked vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D levels were slightly higher in males than in females; however, the difference was not statistically significant (P > .05). Participants who dressed according to seasonal conditions and those with daily sun exposure exceeding 30 minutes had significantly higher vitamin D levels (P < .05). No significant associations were observed between vitamin D levels and profession, mode of transportation, or frequency of physical activity (P > .05). Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency was highly prevalent among healthcare workers. Adequate sun exposure and clothing that allows skin exposure positively influence serum vitamin D levels, highlighting the need for increased awareness and preventive strategies. Further multicenter prospective studies are needed to clarify the relationship between lifestyle factors and vitamin D status.