Ship specialties student’s complex hygienic Assessment of physical Health and functional Reserves

Vollständiger Abstract

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Introduction: The study is aimed at identifying the main health risks of student shipwrights, which is especially important in light of the specifics of their professional activities. Objective: to study the morphofunctional and vegetative characteristics of student shipbuilders in order to identify potential health risks. Materials and Methods: From 01.10.2024 to 31.01.2026, a study was conducted, which included 101 male student shipbuilders. Three cohorts were identified: asthenics (n = 21; 20.0 ± 0,2 years), normosthenics (n = 31; 20,0 ± 0,3 years), hypersthenics (n = 49; 20,1 ± 0,1 years). Morphofunctional and vegetative health indicators were studied. The Shapiro – Wilk criterion was used to assess the normality of the distribution; the Kruskal–Wallis test (p < 0.01; p < 0.001) was used to assess the significance of differences. Results: Asthenic students had a predominance of longitudinal body size (body mass index 19,34 ± 0,78 kg/m2), with average working capacity and moderate response to stress (PWC170 15,47 ± 2,70 kgm/min/kg and chronoinotropic reserve 22200,0 ± 2443,3 c.u.), balanced type of autonomic regulation (stress index 47,13 ± 19,93 c.u.). The normosthenics students demonstrated the most harmonious physical development (body mass index 22,02 ± 1,18 kg/m2), average reserves of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems (vital index 71,11 ± 10,25 ml/kg; PWC170 15,04 ± 2,85 kgm/min/kg), balanced autonomic regulation (stress index 52,48 ± 15,83 c.u.). Hypersthenic students were characterized by a dense physique (body mass index 25,25 ± 2,90 kg/m2), low working capacity (PWC170 13,33 ± 2,72 kgm/min/kg), hypertensive stress response (systolic blood pressure 180,00 ± 16,79 mmHg), increased tone of the sympathetic nervous system (stress index 70,02 ± 19,97 c.u.). Conclusion: Significant differences were found in the morphofunctional and vegetative parameters of student shipbuilders, as well as various degrees of risk of developing somatic pathologies.