Electrophysiological stimulation is associated with improved lower-extremity venous hemodynamics and postoperative recovery following laparoscopic nephrectomy

Vollständiger Abstract

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Background Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common and potentially serious complication following laparoscopic nephrectomy. Conventional preventive measures are limited by bleeding risk and poor compliance. Electrophysiological stimulation therapy has emerged as a non-invasive approach to improve venous circulation, but its perioperative efficacy remains unclear. Methods This prospective, non-randomized controlled study included 108 patients undergoing laparoscopic nephrectomy. Patients were allocated to a control group ( n = 57) receiving routine VTE prophylaxis or an observation group ( n = 51) receiving additional electrophysiological stimulation therapy. Venous blood flow velocity, Caprini score, D-dimer levels, and clinical recovery indicators were assessed preoperatively (T0) and before the first ambulation (T1). Change values (Δ = T1−T0) were analyzed. Multivariate regression and correlation analyses were performed. Results Compared with the control group, the observation group showed significantly higher postoperative venous blood flow velocities in the popliteal, posterior tibial, and fibular veins (all P < 0.05). Δ analysis demonstrated greater improvements in venous hemodynamics (all P < 0.05). Hospital stay (6.86 ± 2.39 vs. 7.98 ± 2.44 days, P = 0.018) and bed rest duration were significantly reduced. Regression analysis identified electrophysiological therapy ( β = −0.98, P = 0.018) and improved venous flow ( β = −0.42, P = 0.006) as independent predictors of shorter hospitalization. Venous flow improvement was moderately negatively correlated with hospital stay (r = −0.36 to −0.41). Conclusion Electrophysiological stimulation therapy was associated with improved venous hemodynamics and postoperative recovery following laparoscopic nephrectomy and may serve as a useful adjunct to routine perioperative thromboprophylaxis.