Difference between Javanese traditional music therapy and hypnopregnancy audio on improving sleep quality in third-trimester pregnant women

Vollständiger Abstract

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HIGHLIGHTS Both Javanese traditional music therapy and hypnopregnancy audio produce clinically meaningful improvements in sleep quality among third-trimester pregnant women, reinforcing the value of culturally adapted and non-pharmacological interventions in antenatal care. Multiple auditory-based relaxation approaches may offer comparable benefits, providing flexible options for integration into maternal health programs and supporting SDG 3 on maternal well-being. ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Javanese traditional music therapy and hypnopregnancy audio in improving sleep quality among third-trimester pregnant women. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study used a two-group pretest–posttest design without a control group. A total of 35 pregnant women in their third trimester were recruited through total sampling at Gambirsari Community Health Center, Surakarta, Indonesia, and were randomly assigned to the Javanese traditional music therapy group (n = 17) or the hypnopregnancy audio group (n = 18). Both interventions were delivered for 4 weeks, for 30 minutes before bedtime. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data were analyzed using paired t-test and independent t-test. Results: In the Javanese traditional music therapy group, the mean PSQI score decreased by 4.00 points from 9.06 ± 2.19 to 5.06 ± 1.68 (p < 0.001), indicating improved overall sleep quality following the intervention. Similarly, the hypnopregnancy audio group demonstrated a 4.11-point reduction from 9.50 ± 1.69 to 5.39 ± 1.82 (p < 0.001). Although both interventions significantly improved sleep quality, no statistically significant difference was observed between the groups (p = 0.581). Conclusion: Both Javanese traditional music therapy and hypnopregnancy audio improved sleep quality among third-trimester pregnant women, with no significant difference between the two interventions.