The Effects of an Educational Video on Patient Understanding of Amelanotic Melanoma

Vollständiger Abstract

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ABSTRACT Background Amelanotic melanoma (AM) is a subset of melanoma with little to no pigment that can masquerade as a benign condition, and is associated with delayed diagnosis, greater Breslow depth, higher tumour stage, and lower survival than pigmented melanoma. Objectives To evaluate the impact of an educational video on patients’ ability and confidence to identify AM. Methods In this single‐centre pre‐/post‐intervention survey, 107 patients at the UT Southwestern dermatology clinics (August 2022–July 2023) completed a survey and knowledge quiz on three melanomas, two benign nevi, and one AM, validated by two dermatologists. They identified each photo as 'benign mole' or 'melanoma'. Participants then viewed an instructional video and repeated the quiz. Data were analysed with paired t‐tests and McNemar tests, with exploratory Firth‐penalised multivariable logistic regression of demographic predictors. Results Most participants self‐identified as female (61.68%), aged 55–74 years (56.08%), and non‐Hispanic white (96.26%). After the video, average confidence improved by 1.06 points (95% CI, 0.90–1.22; p < 0.0001) on a 5‐point scale and average correct identifications increased by 0.76 points (95% CI, 0.56–0.96; p < 0.0001). Correct AM identification rose from 52.34% ( n = 56; 95% CI, 43.0–61.6) to 95.33% ( n = 102; 95% CI, 89.5–98.0; < 0.0001). No demographic factor independently predicted post‐video correct identification of AM. Limitations This single‐group study lacked a control group and reused the same images before and after the video, so improvement may reflect familiarity rather than new recognition skill. Participants were drawn from a single, older, non‐Hispanic white clinic population, and the exploratory demographic subgroup analysis was underpowered. Conclusions An educational video was associated with substantial short‐term improvement in patients’ confidence and accuracy in identifying AM.