Airway

04.09.2026

Building Momentum: Reflecting on Progress and Renewing the Commitment

04.09.2026

Anaesthesia for Endoscopic Closure of Broncho-oesophageal Fistula

Abstract Broncho-oesophageal fistula secondary to postcorrosive poisoning remains elusive to open repair. Endoscopic repair has revolutionised the treatment modality. Anaesthesia concerns for the same include sharing of airway with the gastroenterologists, risk of desaturation, a …

04.09.2026

Awake Tracheostomy in Sitting Position for Intratracheal Obstruction: Role of High-flow Nasal Cannula and Regional Anaesthesia

Abstract Securing the airway in patients with stridor due to neck masses is challenging task for anesthesiologists. We report a 56 year male, post operative case of carcinoma right maxillary sinus, post chemoradiotherapy who presented with stridor after nine months of surgery. Aw …

04.09.2026

Scope-through-tube Technique for Fibreoptic Intubation in Postburn Neck Contracture: A Novel Conduit Approach

04.09.2026

Flexometallic Tube Wire Fracture and Entrapment in the Nasopharynx during Extubation in a Young Oral Cancer Patient: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Abstract Flexometallic (armoured) endotracheal tubes (AETs) are crucial for maintaining airway patency in head-and-neck surgeries due to their resistance to kinking. While major failure events, such as severance, are well-known, localised structural failure with foreign body rete …

04.09.2026

Small Airways, Multiple Choices and Critical Decisions: Preparation, Planning and Precision

04.09.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Difficult Airway in a Neonate with a Large Facial Haemangioma

Abstract Haemangiomas are the most common benign tumours in infancy. Securing the airway and avoiding perioperative airway-related complications in these patients prove to be a difficult predicament. Reports on airway management in paediatric patients with large facial haemangiom …

04.09.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Intra-operative Desaturation in a Paediatric Patient: Lung Collapse Mimicking Endobronchial Intubation

Abstract Large abdominal mass compromises respiratory function due to diaphragmatic elevation, restricted lung expansion and potential mediastinal shift. We present the case of a 1-year-old patient with a large abdominal mass posted for surgical resection. Consent for anaesthesia …

04.09.2026

A Three-dimensional Difficult Airway: A Case of Anatomy, Bleeding and Time Constraints

Abstract Anticipated difficult airways often have superimposed unanticipated difficulties. In life-saving and limb-saving emergency surgeries, anaesthesiologists are often required to take up patients who are under-evaluated and unoptimised. We report a case of a 62-year-old pati …

04.09.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Airway Management of a Paediatric Patient Posted for Repair of Bilateral Tessier Facial Cleft

Abstract Tessier cleft is a very rare craniofacial anomaly. The main challenge for anaesthesiologists is airway management. We present a case of a 2-year-old who presented for the repair of bilateral Tessier clefts. Although the Mallampatti grade was I, the presence of a wide mou …

04.09.2026

Tiding Over an Airway Crisis: Anaesthetic Rescue during Tracheal Resection for Post-traumatic Stenosis

Abstract Tracheal resection with primary end-to-end anastomosis remains the definitive treatment for severe tracheal stenosis but presents significant anaesthetic challenges, particularly in posttraumatic airway distortion. We describe the anaesthetic management of a young woman …

04.09.2026

A Comparative Analysis of Supraglottic Airway Devices, Baska Mask versus I-gel, for Airway Management under General Anaesthesia during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Abstract Background and Aims: Securing the airway is crucial during general anaesthesia. Endotracheal intubation, although standard, may cause complications such as sore throat, cough and laryngospasm. Supraglottic airway devices (SADs) offer less invasive alternatives. This stud …

04.09.2026

Anticipation, Teamwork and Preparedness: Successful Airway Management in a Patient with Subglottic Extension of Vocal Cord Mass

04.09.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Failed Laryngeal Mask Airway Ventilation due to Palatine Tonsillar Hypertrophy in a Paediatric Patient: A Case Report and Brief Review of Literature

Abstract Laryngeal mask airways (LMAs) are commonly used in paediatric anaesthesia due to their ease of insertion and lower complication rates compared to endotracheal intubation. However, anatomical variations such as tonsillar hypertrophy can impair LMA function. We report a ca …

04.09.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Ketofol for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sedation in an Infant with Lingual Venolymphatic Malformation: Navigating a Difficult Airway

Abstract Lingual venolymphatic malformations can result in significant macroglossia and pose a high risk of airway obstruction during sedation for magnetic resonance imaging, particularly in infants. We describe the use of ketofol for procedural sedation in a 5-month-old infant w …

04.09.2026

Utility of Video Laryngoscopes in Head and Neck Cancer Surgeries Performed in Adult Patients – A Systematic Review

Abstract Airway management in adult head and neck cancer surgeries is often compromised by tumour distortion, trismus and radiation fibrosis. While awake flexible bronchoscopy remains the gold standard, video laryngoscopy (VL) increasingly serves as a first-line modality under ge …

04.09.2026

Why the Tube Does Not Follow the View: A Video-based Analysis of Tube Delivery Difficulty during Videolaryngoscopy

Abstract Background and Aims: Videolaryngoscopy (VL) improves glottic visualisation, yet successful endotracheal intubation may remain challenging. Although this discrepancy is well recognised, the underlying patterns of tube-delivery difficulty (TDD) remain poorly described. Usi …

04.09.2026

Beyond the Skin: Prostaglandin Dysregulation and Bronchospasm in Pachydermoperiostosis

Abstract Pachydermoperiostosis (PDP) is a rare genetic disorder characterised by digital clubbing, pachydermia and periostosis. PDP predominantly involves the skin and musculoskeletal systems. However, the biochemical dysregulation of prostaglandin synthesis may also have implica …

04.09.2026

Mallampati Revisited: Phonation and Tongue Protrusion in Paediatric Airway Prediction: A Prospective Cross-sectional Study

Abstract Background and Aims: Prediction of difficult airway in paediatric patients remains challenging due to anatomical variability and limited validation of bedside tests. The modified Mallampati test (MMT) is widely used, but its reliability in children is inconsistent. Varia …

04.09.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Lung Isolation in a Small Airway: Fibreoptic-guided Endobronchial Intubation in a Child with Pleuropulmonary Blastoma

Abstract Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a rare and aggressive paediatric intrathoracic malignancy that may present with severe respiratory compromise and significant mediastinal shift. Achieving effective lung isolation during thoracic surgery in small children remains technic …

04.09.2026

Rare Case of Two Tracheal Tubes Coexisting in the Trachea: A Cautionary Tale on Spurious Airway Narrowing

04.09.2026

Comparison of Direct and Video Laryngoscopy Using the Same C-MAC® Macintosh Blade for Glottic Visualisation and Intubation Characteristics in Adults Undergoing Elective Surgery: A Prospective Randomised Interventional Study

Abstract Background and Aims: Video laryngoscopy (VL) has transformed airway management. However, whether this improved view consistently translates into better intubation performance remains uncertain. The C-MAC ® video laryngoscope uniquely allows both direct laryngoscopy (DL) …

17.06.2026

Reservoir Bag Neck Defect Causing Apparent ‘Tight Bag’ During Mask Ventilation

17.06.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Ultrasound as a Tool in the Assessment of Airway Difficulties – A Cross-sectional Study

Abstract Background and Aims: Airway management is fundamental to safe anaesthetic practice and is of paramount importance. This study aimed to determine the ability of ultrasound (US) measurements of anterior neck soft-tissue thickness at various levels in predicting difficult m …

17.06.2026

A Novel Oxygenation Device, the Turbo® O2 Cap, Prevents Hypoxia for 15 min of Apnoea in a Porcine Model, Despite Paralysis: A Potential Paradigm Shift in Human Airway Management

Abstract Background and Aims: Apnoeic oxygenation has shown potential benefit during difficult intubations. Current methods to effectively deliver apnoeic oxygenation are limited. A novel, endotracheal-tube compatible device was developed to extend oxygenation during difficult or …

17.06.2026

Airway Peril in Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis

Abstract Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis presents significant challenges in airway management, particularly when lesions are pedunculated. Here, we report a case of adult-onset recurrent respiratory laryngeal papillomatosis presented with breathing difficulty. A pedunculated …

17.06.2026

A Simple Two-finger Technique to Prevent Malrotation during Flexible Laryngeal Mask Airway Insertion: A Case Series

Abstract A flexible laryngeal mask airway (FLMA) is commonly used for paediatric ophthalmic surgery but is prone to axial malrotation during insertion due to its long, flexible tube. We describe a simple two-finger modification of the standard index-finger insertion technique to …

17.06.2026

Challenging Airway Management When Intubation after Induction is Seemingly Impossible

17.06.2026

High-flow Nasal Cannula in Atypical Gastrointestinal Foreign Body Removal: A Case Series

Abstract Foreign body especially larger ones poses significant anaesthetic challenges in safe and urgent removal in endoscopy. While total intravenous (IV) anaesthesia with spontaneous ventilation and monitored anaesthesia care is sufficient in most cases, endotracheal intubation …

17.06.2026

Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality in Airway Management

Abstract It is of utmost importance to keep up with the technological advances in our field. Difficult airways (DAs) can easily come across as nightmares, and the art of DA management requires experience to develop. However, it is necessary for novices to begin their exposure to …

17.06.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Tracheostomy in Clinical Practice: A Prospective, Observational Study

Abstract Background and Aims: Tracheostomy is a life-saving procedure that significantly affects a patient’s outcome. The indications for tracheostomy range from emergencies, such as airway obstruction, to purely elective procedures. Prolonged intubation is one of the most common …

17.06.2026

Effectiveness of Fentanyl, Dexmedetomidine and Lignocaine for Tolerance to Laryngeal Mask Airway Insertion with Propofol Induction: A Randomised, Comparative, Double-blinded Trial

Abstract Background and Aims: Several drugs, such as opioid, lignocaine, ketamine, dexmedetomidine and midazolam, have been used as adjuvants with propofol induction to achieve optimal laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion conditions and to decrease the requirement of propofol. T …

17.06.2026

Capnography-guided Identification of Ryle’s Tube Malpositioning into the Airway in an Anaesthetised Patient

Abstract Accidental airway placement of a Ryle’s tube (RT) is an important yet often overlooked cause of perioperative morbidity in anaesthetised patients. We report a case of a 56-year-old man undergoing elective lateral pancreatico-jejunostomy in whom an intraoperatively insert …

17.06.2026

Unconfirmed Vesicoenteric Fistula with High Risk of Pulmonary Aspiration: Timely Intubation Saved the Day

17.06.2026

Anaesthetic Management of a Haemorrhaging Gingival Venous Malformation in Pregnancy

Abstract Venous malformation (VM) of the maxilla is rare but potentially fatal, causing massive haemorrhage. Here, we present a case of severe gingival bleed in a pregnant woman. A 35-year-old female patient at 32 weeks gestation, with no comorbidities, presented with profuse lef …

17.06.2026

Anticipation, Assessment and Continuum of Airway Care

17.06.2026

When an Airway Conduit becomes an Unusual Obstruction!

24.02.2026

Comparison of Clinical Performance of Laryngeal Mask Airway ProSeal and Laryngeal Mask Airway BlockBuster in Adult Patients Undergoing Elective Laparoscopic Surgery: A Prospective Randomised Controlled Study

Abstract Background and Aims: Oropharyngeal leak pressure (OLP) of second-generation supraglottic devices is reported to be higher, suggesting a more effective seal with the patient airway and improved safety during use. This is particularly important in laparoscopic surgeries, w …

24.02.2026

Correlation of Modified Mallampati Classification with Cormack–Lehane Grading in Predicting Difficult Airway: A Prospective Observational Study

Abstract Background and Aims: Anticipating a difficult airway is critical in anaesthesiology to minimise the perioperative complications. The modified Mallampati classification (MMC) is widely used as a bedside test, while Cormack–Lehane (CL) grading provides a direct laryngoscop …

24.02.2026

Airway Management for Balloon Mechanical Dilatation of Postcolopharyngoplasty Tracheal Stenosis Using Intermittent Ventilation Via Cuffed Endotracheal Tube

24.02.2026

Imaging in Airway Assessment: An Expanding Horizon

24.02.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Diagnostic Imaging in Airway Assessment: Current Perspectives and Advances

Abstract Preoperative airway assessment relies heavily on bedside examination, yet traditional tests are often poorly standardised and limited in predicting difficult facemask ventilation, laryngoscopy or intubation. The data from the United States closed claims and the 4 th Nati …

24.02.2026

Not Always Smooth Sailing: A Case of Unanticipated Difficulty in i-gel Insertion Due to Large Epiglottis in a Young Patient Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Abstract Supraglottic airway devices (SGAs) such as the i-gel are increasingly favored in elective laparoscopic surgeries for their ease of insertion, minimal haemodynamic impact and lower risk of airway trauma compared to endotracheal intubation. However, anatomic variations may …

24.02.2026

Fibreoptic Awake Intubation: From Elective Excellence to Emergency Lifesaver – Bridging the Gap in Critical Airway Management

24.02.2026

Retrograde Catheter-assisted Flexible Bronchoscopic Intubation in a Previously Failed Intubation – A Hybrid Approach

Abstract Unanticipated difficult airway and previous failed intubation scenarios represent a formidable challenge to anaesthesiologists. We report the successful use of a hybrid technique – retrograde catheter-guided flexible bronchoscopic intubation – in a 70-year-old male under …

24.02.2026

Navigating Complex Airway Challenges in an Infant with Kyphoscoliosis Associated with Hydrocephalus and Meningomyelocele

24.02.2026

Anaesthesia in a Proton Therapy Suite, for a Paediatric Patient with Orbital Rhabdomyosarcoma

24.02.2026

A Prospective Observational Study to Identify the Predictors of First Pass Success with Video-Laryngoscope-Guided Nasal Intubation in Patients with Restricted Mouth Opening in Oral Cavity Tumours

Abstract Background and Aim: Video-laryngoscopes are commonly used for intubation in patients with restricted mouth openings. However, the predictors of difficult video-laryngoscope-guided intubation have not been clearly defined in the literature. The primary objective of this s …