Annals of Medicine and Surgery

11.12.2026

Long-term safety and effectiveness of hybrid coronary revascularization compared to conventional revascularization strategies: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Hybrid coronary revascularization (HCR), a combination of percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), is an emerging treatment for patients with multivessel coronary artery disease (MVCAD). While traditional CABG is considered the st …

18.12.2026

Diagnostic role of Ki-67 expression in distinguishing thyroid follicular carcinoma from follicular adenoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Differentiating follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) from follicular adenoma (FA) is challenging due to their histological similarities. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the difference in Ki-67 expression between FTC and FA to evaluate its diagno …

28.01.2026

Evaluating the effectiveness of nicardipine prolonged-release implants in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage: a meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis

28.01.2026

Circadian rhythm disruption and immunometabolic dysregulation in cancer: rethinking chronotherapy in precision oncology: Erratum

28.01.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Assessing photo-specific social media, body dissatisfaction, anxiety, and depression: a nationwide cross-sectional study on adolescents and young adults

Background: The rise of photo-specific social media platforms has significantly impacted body image and mental health. Although studies have shown a link between social media use and body dissatisfaction, most prior research has focused on adult and Western populations, leaving a …

28.01.2026

Magnetic sphincter augmentation versus fundoplication for GERD: a systematic review and meta-analysis of postoperative outcomes

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is commonly treated with surgical interventions such as magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) or fundoplication (FP). This meta-analysis evaluates postoperative outcomes of MSA versus FP in GERD management. Methods: A systematic …

28.01.2026

The mechanistic insights into the application of retinoids and possible adjunct therapeutic treatment to androgenic alopecia: Erratum

28.01.2026

Comments on “Association between early crohn’s disease (CD) diagnosis and development of clinical complications in adults at King Abdulaziz University Hospital”

27.01.2026

Reimagining rehabilitation in Christianson syndrome: can virtual reality bridge the gap?

27.01.2026 · 2 Zitationen

FDA’s 2025 removal of black box warnings on menopausal hormone therapy

27.01.2026

The new battlefront: social media misinformation vs. Pakistan’s HPV vaccination drive

27.01.2026

Cerebral neurosyphilis mimicking acute frontal lobe infarction: a case report

Introduction: Syphilis, caused by Treponema pallidum, the “great imitator,” has re-emerged as a public health concern. It presents with diverse manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic meningitis and psychiatric changes to meningovascular syphilis presenting as ischemic stroke. …

27.01.2026

Epigenomic excision for proteus nevus lipomatosis, rare PTEN overgrowth, and robotic debulking

26.01.2026

AI-driven multimodal imaging: unveiling hidden cardiac vulnerabilities in osteogenesis imperfecta

22.01.2026

Comparison of CURB-65 and qSOFA scores in predicting outcomes in community-acquired pneumonia

Introduction: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with high hospitalization and death rates. Early and accurate assessment of disease severity in emergency settings is crucial for guiding treatment and reducing associate …

22.01.2026

ROFI: a deep learning-based ophthalmic sign-preserving and reversible patient face anonymizer

Ophthalmic diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, and inherited retinal dystrophies remain leading causes of visual impairment worldwide, necessitating accurate diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring. Modern ophthalmology increasingly re …

21.01.2026

Surveillance and response to Mpox control in Ethiopia: an urgent health threat; an editorial

Background: Mpox (formerly monkeypox) has emerged as a significant public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa. The recent confirmation of Mpox cases in the Moyale region of Ethiopia highlights the urgent need for robust surveillance and response mechanisms in the Horn of Afric …

21.01.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Small-molecule LOXL2 inhibition as a novel antifibrotic strategy for the treatment of myocardial fibrosis

21.01.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Critical appraisal of Artificial Intelligence and deep-learning tools for intraoperative neurosurgery: hype versus evidence

Artificial intelligence (AI) is beginning to aid in several components of the intraoperative workflow, including navigation, instrument tracking, ultrasound analysis, video segmentation, and MRI reconstruction. Early studies demonstrate technical promise but are based on small, s …

21.01.2026

Adolescent social-media exposure and cortical thinning signals: latest 2025 MRI-epigenome correlations

Large 2025 adolescent cohorts combining high-resolution MRI with epigenomic profiling now demonstrate that excessive social-media exposure correlates with early cortical thinning signals, neuroinflammatory promoter activation, and impaired attention-executive network maturation. …

21.01.2026

Concomitant plasma cell myeloma and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia in elderly: diagnostic complexity, therapeutic challenges – case report and literature review

Introduction and importance: Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML) is a rare clonal hematopoietic disorder with overlapping features of myelodysplastic syndromes and myeloproliferative neoplasms. Its diagnosis becomes more challenging when coexisting with other hematologic malig …

21.01.2026

Comparative safety and efficacy of levosimendan versus dobutamine in acute heart failure: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression

Background: Acute heart failure (AHF) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in hospitalized patients. Inotropic agents like dobutamine have long been used for hemodynamic support, yet concerns over adverse effects such as arrhythmias and increased myocardia …

21.01.2026

Gastric bronchogenic cyst: a case report and review of the literature

Introduction and Importance: Bronchogenic cysts are rare congenital foregut malformations, usually asymptomatic in early life. Gastric bronchogenic cysts (GBCs) are exceedingly uncommon and often pose diagnostic challenges due to nonspecific symptoms and inconclusive imaging. Mis …

21.01.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Diagnostic utility of various gross thoracoscopic appearances in tuberculous pleural effusion and their correlation with microbiological and histopathological findings – a hospital-based prospective observational cross-sectional study

Background: Tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) is a significant global health problem, particularly in high-prevalence regions such as India. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment of this condition. Medical thoracoscopy offers a superior diagnostic yield compared wit …

21.01.2026

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Sudanese doctors regarding enhanced recovery after surgery protocols in elective abdominal and pelvic surgery: a cross-sectional study

Background: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is a protocol aimed at improving surgical outcomes, reducing hospital stay, and lowering costs. This study assessed Sudanese doctors’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding ERAS protocols and gathered data to support futur …

21.01.2026

Effectiveness and outcome of gracilis muscle flap reconstruction following perineal surgery: a retrospective single-center cohort study

Background: Perineal wound healing complications frequently occur following abdominoperineal resection (APR) for low-lying rectal cancers, posing significant reconstructive challenges. Among various reconstructive options, gracilis muscle flaps have gained prominence due to their …

21.01.2026

Prolonged transaminitis in typhoid hepatitis: a rare case report with a diagnostic dilemma from Nepal

Introduction and importance Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella Typhi, is a common systemic infection in areas with poor sanitation. Liver involvement is usually mild but can sometimes mimic viral hepatitis, complicating diagnosis. This case highlights a rare pattern of delayed l …

21.01.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Thrombopoiesis meets tumorigenesis: unlocking the diagnostic and prognostic potential of platelet indices in breast cancer– a narrative review

Breast cancer, as the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in women, continues to challenge clinicians due to its heterogeneity and variable clinical outcomes. As traditional diagnostic and prognostic markers often fall short in fully capturing disease dynamics, there is growing …

21.01.2026

Early-career training in neurosurgery post-COVID: simulation, mentorship, and minimal case-volume concerns

Early-career neurosurgeon training has not yet fully recovered from the decrease in operative exposure that began during the early COVID era. Elective case cancellations, redeployment, and limited staff access to operating rooms reduced the chances of graduated responsibility acr …

21.01.2026 · 6 Zitationen

Hydrogen sulfide at the intersection of hypoxia and oxidative stress: implications for lung cancer progression and treatment – a narrative review

Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with a pathogenesis deeply influenced by the tumor microenvironment. Two central and interrelated factors –hypoxia and oxidative stress – contribute significantly to tumor progression, angiogenesis, metabo …

21.01.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy in acute meningitis: a narrative review

Background: Acute meningitis is a life-threatening neurological emergency with substantial global morbidity and mortality. Adjunctive corticosteroid therapy aims to mitigate the inflammatory response and improve clinical outcomes. Methods: We analyzed data from randomized control …

21.01.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Integration of pharmacogenomics into precision medicine: transforming healthcare for the next generation

Pharmacogenomics is now an essential part of precision medicine, as it describes how genetic differences at the individual level influence drug responses. Its combination enables a transition from trial-and-error prescriptions to predictive, genotype-directed treatment, thereby e …

21.01.2026

Toward a standardized validation framework in robotic surgery AI: proposal for an Surgical Validation Scoring (SURVAS) system

21.01.2026

Incidentalomas of the heart: lipomatous hypertrophy of the interatrial septum in the GLP-1 era

21.01.2026

Critical assessment of the comparison of needle gauges for fine needle aspiration of lymph nodes and thyroid

21.01.2026

Redefining pediatric leukemia care – innovations in risk assessment and targeted treatment: a narrative review

Pediatric leukemia, primarily comprising acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia, represents approximately 30% of childhood cancers worldwide. Over the past decade, advances in molecular and genetic profiling, including next-generation sequencing and minimal …

21.01.2026

Fluid retention versus cardio protection: rethinking pioglitazone

Pioglitazone, a thiazolidinedione, acts through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) and is an established insulin sensitizer used in type 2 diabetes. Many cardio-protective aspects of pioglitazone are being actively researched. The drug modulates neuroho …

21.01.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Cefepime neurotoxicity in elderly patient with renal impairment: a case report

Introduction and importance: While cefepime-induced neurotoxicity is a known complication of beta-lactam therapy in renal impairment, its diagnosis is uniquely challenging in patients with complex neurosurgical baselines. This case illustrates the risk of diagnostic anchoring whe …

21.01.2026

Familial systemic lupus erythematosus with pleural and articular involvement mimicking tuberculosis: a case report

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a multisystemic disease with a global prevalence of 20-150/100 000, predominantly affecting women may have a familial clustering, suggesting a strong genetic predisposition and emphasizing the role of heritable factors in disease …

21.01.2026

Incidence and predictors of recurrent stroke in patients with cryptogenic stroke later diagnosed with atrial fibrillation: a 5-year cohort study from a tertiary care hospital

Background: Cryptogenic stroke (CS) accounts for a substantial proportion of ischemic strokes, with atrial fibrillation (AF) often identified as the underlying cause. In countries with low-resource settings like Pakistan, limited access to extended cardiac monitoring delays AF de …

21.01.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Social support and associated factors among diabetic patients in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Background: Social support refers to the psychosocial resources available through interpersonal contacts and social networks, which help reduce complications and improve quality of life. It also decreases absenteeism from medical appointments, supports lifestyle changes, and play …

21.01.2026 · 4 Zitationen

A narrative review on the neurobiology of lucid dreaming: mechanisms and therapeutic potential:[RETRACTED]

Background: Lucid dreaming (LD), which involves being aware of and controlling one’s dreams, is of particular interest in the study of consciousness and has potential therapeutic applications. In this narrative review, we highlight the neurobiological aspects of LD, specifically …

21.01.2026

Multivitamins and cognitive health in older adults: bridging evidence, gaps, and controversies – a comprehensive narrative review

Introduction: There is a high prevalence of vitamin deficiency in our healthy population; however, age-related cognitive decline is an emerging global health concern, especially with an aging population and rising cases of dementia. Many trials have been performed to assess the i …

21.01.2026

Transulnarversus transradial artery access in patients undergoing cardiac procedures: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Transradial artery access (TRA) is the favored approach for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary angiography (CAG). However, transulnar artery access (TUA) has emerged as an alternative, particularly when TRA is not feasible. This systematic review an …

21.01.2026

Postoperative hormonal modulation in a patient with granulosa cell tumor and myasthenia gravis: a gyneco-oncologic perspective

Introduction and importance: Perioperative management of granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) becomes significantly more complex in patients with neuromuscular conditions such as myasthenia gravis (MG). Herein, we describe a case of surgically managed stage I GCT in a woman with MG and h …

20.01.2026 · 1 Zitationen

AI in endodontics: enhancing precision, efficiency, and personalized care

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is shifting oral health care from a hardware-centric to a software-centric approach, with the potential to solve problems similarly to humans. It is transforming endodontics by enhancing diagnostic accuracy, improving treatment planning, increasing cl …

20.01.2026

Emergency cricothyrotomy in five in-hospital “cannot intubate, cannot oxygenate” cases: a case series

Background: Emergency cricothyrotomy (CTM) is a rare but life-saving procedure performed under “cannot intubate, cannot oxygenate” (CICO) conditions. This study describes five in-hospital CICO cases requiring CTM, including one improvised procedure performed in a psychiatric ward …

20.01.2026

Augmented reality (AR) rehabilitation for homonymous hemianopia: ‘prism-free’ field expansion via smart glasses

20.01.2026

Haptic-feedback robotics in transcervical fetal endoscopy: reducing uterine irritability and the risk of preterm labor

20.01.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Rapidly enlarging dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: a case report of atypical presentation with diagnostic complexities and reconstructive challenges

Introduction and Importance: Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare, low-grade dermal sarcoma known for local aggressiveness and high recurrence despite low metastatic potential. Early diagnosis and complete surgical excision with negative margins are critical for manag …

20.01.2026

First case of IgA vasculitis atypically presenting as recurrent gastroenteritis from Nepal: a case report and review of the literature

Introduction and importance: Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV), though primarily a childhood disease, is uncommon in adults and often presents atypically, leading to diagnostic delays. We report the first known case of adult-onset IgAV from Nepal, presenting as recurrent episode …

20.01.2026

Mortality trends for chronic kidney disease and dementia in the United States, 1999–2020: a 22-year retrospective analysis

Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and dementia are major causes of morbidity and mortality among older adults and frequently coexist due to shared vascular and metabolic risk factors. Despite their clinical importance, national mortality trends for these conditions remain u …

20.01.2026

Palmar squamous cell carcinoma with lymph node involvement: a case report highlighting diagnostic challenges

Introduction: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) commonly affects sun-exposed areas, particularly the dorsum of the hand. However, palmar SCC is rare and can remain undiagnosed for a prolonged period. This case describes a unique instance of SCC originating from the palm wit …

20.01.2026

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and the “Regulatory” B-cell: why fiber diet may reduce relapse in IgA vasculitis

20.01.2026

The unforeseen consequence of smart bio-implants for hemophilia: chronic inflammation and antibody development

20.01.2026

Artificial intelligence in pharmacovigilance: toward real-time, explainable, and global drug-safety systems

The expanding volume and heterogeneity of post-marketing drug-safety data have exposed the limitations of conventional pharmacovigilance systems. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers scalable solutions for detecting adverse drug reactions by integrating electronic health records, …

20.01.2026

Bridging the gap: the need for pediatric-specific AI models for tuberculosis detection on chest radiographs

20.01.2026 · 2 Zitationen

Advancing hypoparathyroidism treatment: FDA approval of Palopegteriparatide as a promising orphan drug

Hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) is a rare endocrine disorder characterized by insufficient parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, leading to hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia. Affecting approximately 70 000–90 000 individuals in the United States, HypoPT can arise from genetic mutations …

20.01.2026

Novel prone retroperitoneal robotic-assisted approach for bilateral partial nephrectomy: a case report

Introduction and importance: Partial nephrectomy is the standard surgical technique for the management of early-stage renal neoplasms. Bilateral synchronous sporadic renal tumors are a rare subtype of renal tumors, for which no consensus has been reached on the optimal surgical s …

20.01.2026

Exploring advancements in the management of penile cancer in the era of artificial intelligence and machine learning: a narrative review

Purpose of review: This review aims to explore the current state of literature on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the management of penile cancer. We examined the various applications of AI in penile cancer, including but not limited to image identification, prediction …

20.01.2026

Robotics-assisted automated staining of bone marrow biopsies: addressing the inconsistency in histological diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia variants

20.01.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Immediate postpartum family planning utilization and associated factors among postpartum mothers in South Ethiopia

Introduction: Approximately one-third of maternal deaths worldwide are attributed to unsafe contraceptive practices, a major contributor to maternal mortality. In Ethiopia, immediate postpartum family planning services are not yet widely used. Only 9% of postpartum women use imme …

20.01.2026

A 65-year-old male with phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor presenting as tumor-induced osteomalacia: a case report

Introduction and importance: Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic disorder caused by phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors (PMTs), characterized by chronic hypophosphatemia and impaired bone mineralization. Case presentation: A 65-year-old man presented with progre …

20.01.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Epitranscriptomic regulation via m6A RNA methylation: a determinant of cancer immunotherapy response

20.01.2026

Intensive versus standard blood pressure management after endovascular therapy in acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) has improved the therapy of acute ischemic stroke, patients still have functional impairments after reperfusion. This updated meta-analysis assesses whether intense blood pressure (BP) management following successful EVT enhances results and reduce …

20.01.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Bone-O2 bio-adhesive: redefining the future of fracture fixation

20.01.2026

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder in an 11-year-old: a case report in a pediatric patient from Nepal

Introduction and importance: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an auto-immune inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system mediated by auto-antibodies against Aquaporin-4 (AQP4). It causes vision impairment, vomiting, and paralysis. Case presentation: We re …

20.01.2026

Does SGLT2 inhibition modify the inflammatory profile in non-diabetic CKD patients? A new avenue beyond diabetes

20.01.2026

Beyond the hospital walls: community-based approaches to leukemia management in older adults

Leukemia incidence among older adults is rising globally, presenting complex challenges that extend beyond conventional hospital-based treatment. Older patients often face multiple comorbidities, functional impairments, and social barriers that complicate disease management and d …

20.01.2026

A rare case of median arcuate ligament syndrome: a case report and review of literature

Introduction and importance: MALS is a rare condition where the celiac trunk is compressed by the median arcuate ligament, typically presenting with postprandial abdominal pain and weight loss; vomiting may occur less frequently. Case presentation: A 43-year-old female patient ca …

20.01.2026 · 2 Zitationen

Integrative bioinformatics approaches for early detection biomarkers in ovarian cancer

Ovarian cancer remains a major clinical challenge, largely because most patients present with advanced-stage disease. Early detection is essential for improving outcomes, yet current biomarkers such as CA-125 and HE4 have limited sensitivity in early-stage tumors. Advances in bio …

20.01.2026

Delayed presentation of aortic coarctation as an aortic dissection: a case report

Introduction: Coarctation of the aorta is a congenital heart defect characterized by a localized narrowing, typically situated just distal to the left subclavian artery. While it is often diagnosed and treated early in life, some cases may remain asymptomatic until adulthood, pot …

20.01.2026 · 2 Zitationen

Heart failure and tobacco use disorder: mortality trends and disparities in the United States

Introduction: Tobacco use disorder is associated with increased morbidity and mortality from heart failure (HF) in the United States. Despite this burden, long-term trends in HF mortality among tobacco users and the extent of demographic and geographic disparities remain poorly u …

14.01.2026

From photosensitivity to autoimmunity: the role of AI metabolomics in PCT–celiac disease overlap

Porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT), caused by hepatic uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase deficiency, may rarely overlap with undiagnosed celiac disease (CD), complicating diagnosis due to shared hepatic and dermatologic features. Both conditions present with skin manifestations such as ph …

14.01.2026

Revolutionising CKD care: semaglutide’s kidney-protective leap in type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease

14.01.2026

Beyond antifungals: vaginal ceramides as a barrier-restorative strategy for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

14.01.2026

Evaluating the role of GnRH agonists in frozen embryo transfer cycles among polycystic ovary syndrome patients: a randomized clinical trial

Objective: This study aims to determine whether pretreatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) can improve clinical outcomes. Trial design and methods: This single-blinded, noninferiority randomized clinical trial aimed to compare the effects of GnRHa pretreatm …

14.01.2026

From policy to practice: World Health Organization’s contribution to safer blood transfusions in Africa for sickle cell management – a review

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a major public health challenge in Africa, where the prevalence of the condition is high, and it contributes to significant morbidity and mortality, especially among children. Blood transfusions are a crucial therapeutic intervention for managing comp …

14.01.2026 · 2 Zitationen

Artificial intelligence in neurosurgical decision-making: promise and peril in the United States practice

The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into neurosurgical practices in the United States is transforming how diagnoses are interpreted, how surgical plans are developed, and how guidance is provided during operations as clinical needs continue to grow. Models based …

14.01.2026

“Emerging role of plasma kallikrein inhibitors in preventing hereditary angioedema flares in pregnancy”

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) presents a significant therapeutic challenge during pregnancy, a period often associated with increased attack frequency and severity. The management of HAE in pregnancy is complicated by physiological changes and limited fetal safety data for many pro …

14.01.2026

Ultrasonographic measurement of cross-sectional area of the vagus nerve in patients with diabetic neuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction: Diabetic neuropathy, a prevalent complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), often involves autonomic dysfunction, with the vagus nerve (VN) being an early target. High-resolution ultrasonography has emerged as a noninvasive tool to assess structural nerve changes, incl …

09.01.2026 · 3 Zitationen

Predatory publishing lists: a systematic review

The rise of predatory journals threatens the integrity of academic publishing by exploiting open-access models and bypassing rigorous peer review. The lack of standardized criteria complicates their identification. This study systematically reviews existing predatory journal list …

09.01.2026 · 2 Zitationen

JAK inhibitors in toxic epidermal necrolysis a new frontier in therapeutics

09.01.2026

Complete bilateral second branchial cleft fistula in an adolescent: a rare case report with literature review

Introduction: Branchial cleft anomalies are congenital defects resulting from incomplete obliteration of branchial apparatus during embryogenesis. Second branchial cleft anomalies are the most common type, typically presenting as cysts or sinuses. Complete fistulae are rare, and …

09.01.2026 · 2 Zitationen

FTO promotes the cervical cancer progression via regulation of FGF2 expression

Background: Cervical cancer remains one of the most common gynecological malignancies worldwide, with epigenetic RNA modifications playing a critical role in its development. This study aims to investigate the role of fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) in cervical canc …

09.01.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Sweating out stress: sauna bathing’s rising role in mental health recovery

09.01.2026

Intraluminal bioink robotic patch deposition system for complex perianal fistulas in Crohn’s disease

09.01.2026

Therapeutic advances in acute myeloid leukemia: from LSD1 blockade to PROTAC-based strategies

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a fast-progressing blood cancer marked by immature myeloid cells and poor survival rates. Most AML subtypes resist standard treatments, especially in older adults, highlighting the need for new targeted therapies. A hallmark of AML is LSD1 overexpr …

09.01.2026

In-vivo CRISPR editing for ATTR-CM: therapeutic transthyretin silencing through hepatic genome correction

09.01.2026 · 2 Zitationen

Chronic myeloid and lymphocytic leukemias in the elderly: public health challenges in early detection and long-term care

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) predominantly affect older adults, presenting unique challenges in early detection and long-term management. The growing elderly population globally has intensified the public health burden of these chronic leu …

06.01.2026

Lithopedion in a 74-year-old woman: a rare sequela of undiagnosed abdominal pregnancy – case report

Introduction and importance: Lithopedion (Greek for “stone baby”) is an extremely rare complication of undiagnosed abdominal pregnancy where a dead fetus becomes calcified and retained for decades. This phenomenon demonstrates both a unique obstetric event and global disparities …

06.01.2026 · 3 Zitationen

FDA approval of SetPoint System: the first neuroimmune modulation therapy for rheumatoid arthritis

06.01.2026 · 3 Zitationen

Drug stockouts and treatment delays in African health systems: impact on malaria morbidity and mortality

Malaria remains a leading cause of illness and death in Africa, particularly affecting vulnerable populations such as children and pregnant women. Effective management of malaria relies heavily on timely access to antimalarial medications, primarily artemisinin-based combination …

06.01.2026

Paratesticular dedifferentiated liposarcoma with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation presenting as hydrocele in an older man: a case report

Introduction and clinical importance: Most malignant testicular tumors are germ cell tumors (seminomas and non-seminomatous germ cell tumors), which together account for over 90% of primary testicular cancers and predominate in men aged 15–40 years. In contrast, paratesticular sa …

06.01.2026

Synthetic health insurance claim fakes: AI-generated injury videos inflate claims and burden chronic disease patients

06.01.2026

Dextrocardia with situs solitus in a neonate: a rare case report from Syria

Introduction and importance: Dextrocardia with situs solitus is an exceptionally rare congenital anomaly. Its asymptomatic nature may delay diagnosis, highlighting the need for careful prenatal and postnatal evaluation. Case Presentation: A full-term female neonate was found to h …

06.01.2026

Gut–brain axis in neurology: microbiome as a modifiable risk factor for multiple sclerosis

06.01.2026 · 1 Zitationen

The power of a pill: Ekterly (Sebetralstat): first oral on-demand therapy for hereditary angioedema—a paradigm shift in treatment

06.01.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Effectiveness of thiazide diuretics in patients with hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Thiazide diuretics are commonly prescribed for the treatment of hypertension (HTN). However, the comparative efficacy and safety of hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) versus chlorthalidone (CTD) in managing patients with HTN remain unclear. Materials and Methods A comprehensiv …

06.01.2026

Misdiagnosis of oropouche virus in cancer patients: mimicry of treatment-related complications

Misdiagnosis of oropouche virus (OROV) infection in cancer patients is an emerging clinical concern, particularly in regions reporting more than 500 000 cumulative OROV infections. The virus typically presents with fever in nearly 100% of cases, headache in up to 80%, myalgia in …

06.01.2026

Revuforj (revumenib): a novel menin inhibitor for relapsed or refractory acute leukemia

06.01.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Augmented reality tumor mapping: eliminating positive margins in oncosurgery

Augmented reality (AR) is transforming cancer surgery by combining medical imaging with real-time visualization during operations. Using 3D digital models of tumors, AR allows surgeons to see the precise location and borders of cancers directly on the patient. Early studies in br …

06.01.2026

Targeting neuroinflammation to enhance recovery after brain injury

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) continues to be a major global cause of morbidity and mortality, with neuroinflammation recognized as a central mechanism influencing both acute and long-term outcomes. Following the initial insult, activation of glial cells, cytokine release, and blo …

06.01.2026 · 2 Zitationen

QFitlia (Fitusiran): redefining hemophilia treatment with RNAi therapy. A correspondence

06.01.2026

Morgagni hernia associated with ipsilateral lateral chest wall defect: a case report of transdiaphragmatic intercostal hernia in an adult

Introduction and Importance: Transdiaphragmatic intercostal hernias (TDIHs) are rare and typically posttraumatic. The coexistence of a TDIH with congenital anomalies, such as a Morgagni hernia (MH) and chest wall defect, is exceptionally uncommon. This report details a unique cas …

06.01.2026

Beyond breast abscess and malignancy: a case of bilateral idiopathic granulomatous mastitis

Introduction and importance: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare, benign, chronic inflammatory breast disease. It often mimics breast cancer or abscess, complicating diagnosis. Accurate identification is essential for guiding therapy, particularly in regions with hi …

06.01.2026 · 2 Zitationen

Fusion of molecular mimicry, epigenetic predisposition, and new onset GBS: a narrative review of current understanding and future directions

Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is a severe immune-driven polyneuropathy marked by the acute onset of flaccid paralysis, areflexia, and in severe cases, life-threatening autonomic or respiratory failure. Although the clinical presentation and diagnostic criteria are widely establis …

06.01.2026 · 2 Zitationen

Global spread of drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in immunocompromised and cancer patients

Acinetobacter baumannii poses a severe threat in healthcare due to its highly adaptive genome and rapid spread of multidrug and extensively drug-resistant traits. Carbapenem resistance exceeds 70% in ICUs, with cancer patients showing even higher rates, including 94.1% of isolate …

02.01.2026

Rectus sheath hematoma masquerading as acute pancreatitis: a case report

Introduction and Importance: Rectus sheath hematoma (RSH) is an uncommon and frequently misdiagnosed cause of acute abdominal pain that may mimic more serious intra-abdominal emergencies, including acute pancreatitis. Case Presentation: We present the case of a 62-year-old man wh …

25.08.2026

Metagenomic sequencing in intracranial pyogenic infections: limitations in viability and implications for antimicrobial decision-making

25.08.2026

Belimumab for mucocutaneous manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of trials and pooled post hoc analyses

Background: Mucocutaneous manifestations affect more than 80% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and are frequently refractory to standard therapy, contributing to a substantial disease burden. Although belimumab improves overall SLE activity, its specific effica …

25.08.2026

Critical appraisal of crystalloid preloading and co-loading strategies for prevention of spinal-induced hypotension in cesarean delivery

25.08.2026

Asymptomatic bilateral renal granulomas following intravesical BCG immunotherapy for bladder cancer: a case report

Introduction and importance: Intravesical Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) therapy is commonly used as an adjuvant therapy for certain non-invasive bladder cancers following transurethral resection of bladder tumor. Rarely, this treatment can lead to the formation of granulomatous …

25.08.2026

Inflammation vs. multiple AVN sites: a nuclear medicine evaluation in systemic allergic-immune syndrome – a case report

Introduction: Migratory polyarthralgia often indicates inflammatory or autoimmune pathology. In patients with concomitant allergic diathesis and immune dysregulation, diagnosis becomes particularly challenging, as conventional laboratory and serological evaluations frequently rem …

25.08.2026

Use of noninvasive versus invasive ventilation in patients hospitalized with acute exacerbation of heart failure: a Nationwide Readmissions Database study

Background: Respiratory compromise requiring ventilatory support is common in acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) may improve outcomes and reduce mortality compared with invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). This study evaluated the associatio …

25.08.2026

An unexpected challenge: intra-abdominal neurofibromatosis during biliary reconstruction: a case report

Introduction and importance: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a genetic disorder characterized by peripheral nerve sheath tumors in the skin or nervous system. Its prevalence is 1 in 2600–3000 individuals, but intra-abdominal manifestations appear in only 5–25% of these patients …

25.08.2026

Pediatric acute ischemic stroke: unusual presentation with dizziness neurological symptoms in a young child: a case report

Introduction: Pediatric acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is an uncommon yet critical condition with a pooled incidence rate of 1.28 per 100 000 person-years. Unlike adult strokes, pediatric AIS often lacks standardized recognition protocols and presents with non-specific symptoms such …

21.08.2026

Microvascular damage in diabetic nephropathy and the subsequent risk of Alzheimer’s disease: a systematic review

Introduction: Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a major microvascular complication of diabetes, is increasingly implicated in systemic vascular dysfunction and may contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Microvascular injury is a recognized mechanism in AD, and DN-re …

21.08.2026

Favorable outcome in paraquat poisoning with acute kidney injury in a resource-limited setting: a case report

Introduction and importance: Paraquat poisoning remains a major public health challenge in Asia, with a mortality rate of 60%–80%, and acute kidney injury being a common complication. Case presentation: An 18-year-old female presented 6 hours after ingestion of approximately 5 mL …

21.08.2026

Efficacy of the swede score in optimizing triage of visual inspection with acetic acid positive women: cross-sectional evidence from Bangladesh

Background: Conventional screening methods for cervical cancer, such as visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), have limited specificity. The Swede score, a structured colposcopic scoring system, may improve detection and triage of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in VI …

21.08.2026

Metal hypersensitivity in spinal surgery: mechanisms, diagnosis, and management – a narrative review

Metal hypersensitivity in spinal surgery is an immune-mediated reaction to metal ions released from implants like pedicle screws and rods, presenting a notable clinical challenge. Common allergens such as nickel, cobalt, and chromium can trigger delayed-type IV hypersensitivity, …

21.08.2026

Radiofrequency ablation combined with systemic therapy versus systemic therapy alone for unresectable colorectal liver metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM) remain a major therapeutic challenge with limited curative options. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has emerged as a potential adjunct to systemic therapy, but its survival benefit remains uncertain. Methods: This systematic rev …

21.08.2026

Before the bolus: why anti-amyloid therapy must become part of every stroke code

Anti-amyloid monoclonal antibodies provide disease-modifying treatment options for selected patients with early symptomatic Alzheimer disease, but introduce new challenges for acute stroke care. Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) are often asymptomatic; however, symptom …

21.08.2026

Verrucous carcinoma arising from chronic sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease: a case report

Introduction and importance: Pilonidal sinus disease is a common benign disorder of the sacrococcygeal region characterized by chronic inflammation, recurrent infection, and sinus tract formation. Although generally nonneoplastic, long-standing and chronically inflamed pilonidal …

21.08.2026

Comment on: A cross-sectional analysis of liver disease–hypertension comorbid mortality trends in the United States, 1999–2023

20.08.2026

Efficacy and safety of digoxin/furosemide for cutaneous warts: a systematic review and meta-analysis of eight randomized controlled trials

Background: Cutaneous warts, caused by human papillomavirus, are common and often resistant to standard treatments, such as cryotherapy, which have high recurrence rates and side effects. Ionic contra-viral therapy (ICVT), combining digoxin and furosemide, has emerged as a novel …

20.08.2026

Acute liver failure as the initial presentation of Wilson’s disease in a young adult: a case report

Acute liver failure is a rapidly progressive condition with high mortality that requires early identification and timely intervention. Wilson’s disease is a rare but important cause of acute liver failure in young individuals. We report a 31-year-old, previously healthy man who p …

20.08.2026

Outcomes of avoidance of routine nasogastric decompression following elective major gastrointestinal and hepatopancreatobiliary surgery: a single-center prospective observational cohort study

Background: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) guidelines discourage routine nasogastric decompression (NGD); however, evidence from resource-limited settings remains limited. Methods: This prospective observational cohort study was conducted at Birat Medical College Teaching …

19.08.2026

Phenotypic discordance in semilobar holoprosencephaly: a case report of total arhinia and median clefting linked to gestational diabetes

Introduction: Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is a complex spectrum of cephalic malformations resulting from incomplete prosencephalic division. Semilobar HPE is an intermediate variant, often associated with significant craniofacial dysmorphism and neurological morbidity. Case presentat …

14.08.2026

Coexisting adhesive small-bowel obstruction and giant peritoneal loose body in a surgically naïve patient: a case report

Introduction and importance: Small-bowel obstruction (SBO) is a common surgical emergency, most often caused by postoperative adhesions. However, it may also occur in patients without prior abdominal surgery, commonly referred to as the “virgin abdomen.” In such cases, the causes …

14.08.2026

Early return to cycling after dorsal spanning plate fixation for distal radius fracture in a KEIRIN athlete: a case report

Introduction: Distal radius fractures can delay return to sport, particularly when early weight-bearing is restricted. Although volar locking plate (VLP) fixation is widely used, it may provide insufficient stability in fractures involving a small volar lunate facet fragment. Dor …

14.08.2026

Evaluating the efficacy of recombinant factor VIIa for non-surgical persistent bleeding in cardiovascular surgery: a retrospective cohort study

Background: Persistent bleeding after cardiovascular surgery challenges hemostatic management, especially in pediatric patients, but recombinant activated factor VIIa (rFVIIa), when used as a procoagulant, may improve patient outcomes. Materials and methods: We retrospectively ev …

14.08.2026

Case report: traumatic avulsion of the left kidney and spleen with diaphragmatic rupture in a young worker

Introduction and importance: Blunt abdominal trauma is a major cause of morbidity and mortality across all age groups. Among solid organs, the spleen and liver are most frequently injured, followed by the kidneys. Diaphragmatic injuries are rare and typically result from high-imp …

13.08.2026

Silent acute STEMI associated with alcohol withdrawal in a 46-year-old male: a case report

Introduction and importance: Alcohol withdrawal (AW) results from abrupt cessation or reduction in chronic alcohol use, leading to central nervous system hyperexcitability and autonomic overactivity. AW poses significant cardiovascular stress, predisposing to myocardial ischemia …

13.08.2026

Neurological sequelae of massive bee envenomation: a rare case report of watershed cerebral infarction and hemorrhage

Introduction and significance: Bee stings are common but can cause severe systemic reactions, including anaphylaxis, cardiovascular instability, and, rarely, neurological complications such as watershed cerebral infarctions, as well as death. Stroke following bee envenomation is …

13.08.2026

Standardizing hyperphagia outcomes: addressing the need for rigorous causality assessment

13.08.2026

Surgical management of warfarin-associated spontaneous bilateral subdural hematoma in a mechanical heart valve patient: a rare case report

Background and importance: Subdural hematomas (SDH) may occur spontaneously in patients with intracranial hypotension or in those taking anticoagulants such as warfarin. Bilateral cases are rare and often indicate warfarin-induced vascular fragility. Case presentation: A 68-year- …

13.08.2026

Isolated bilateral breast tuberculosis mimicking carcinoma: a rare case report from Pakistan

Introduction: Breast tuberculosis (BTB) is a highly unusual form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, accounting for less than 1% of all breast tumors worldwide. The disease poses a serious diagnostic problem because of its clinical and radiological resemblance to breast cancer. Bilat …

12.08.2026

Why male contraception still stalls: translational, social, and ethical gaps

Despite advances in reproductive medicine, a widely acceptable male contraceptive method is still lacking, leaving the burden of birth control largely on women. As a result, female-centric methods continue to dominate global contraceptive trends, as male options are limited to co …

10.08.2026

Recurrent paraganglioma of the urinary bladder 26 years after initial treatment: a case report

Introduction and importance: Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) have malignant potential, and long-term follow-up of patients with PPGLs is recommended by current guidelines. Here, we report a case of recurrent paraganglioma (PGL) of the urinary bladder 26 years after i …

10.08.2026

Monocarboxylate transporter 1 deficiency: a rare case report and systematic review of genetically confirmed cases

Monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) deficiency is an ultra-rare autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the SLC16A1 gene, which encodes a proton-linked transporter of lactate, pyruvate, and ketone bodies. Few cases have been genetically confirmed …

07.08.2026

A rare case of isolated pulmonary metastasis from a colorectal tubulovillous adenoma with focal carcinoma

Background: Isolated pulmonary metastasis originating from an early-stage colorectal adenoma with only focal carcinomatous transformation is exceedingly rare and poses significant diagnostic challenges. Case presentation: A 68-year-old man was found to have a solitary pulmonary n …

07.08.2026

Early-onset frontotemporal dementia misdiagnosed as psychosis: a case from rural Nepal

Background: Early-onset behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by prominent behavioral and personality changes and is frequently misdiagnosed as a primary psychiatric illness, particularly in low-resource settings, leading …

07.08.2026

WATCHMAN and Amplatzer Amulet for left atrial appendage occlusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: WATCHMAN and Amplatzer Amulet devices are an effective alternative to oral anticoagulation for left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients. This study aims to compare their safety and efficacy. Methods: This systematic revi …

06.08.2026

Utilization and complications of catheter ablation therapy for cardiac arrhythmias in congenital heart disease: a retrospective cross-sectional study

Background: Catheter ablation is a cornerstone in arrhythmia management, but its safety profile in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) remains underexplored on a national scale. Objectives: To evaluate the utilization and in-hospital complication rates of catheter ablati …

06.08.2026

Effects of salivary proteinase 3 and oxidative stress markers on secondary caries following pit-and-fissure sealants in patients with S-ECC

Objective: To investigate the effects of salivary proteinase 3 (PR3) and levels of oxidative stress markers on the development of secondary caries following pit-and-fissure sealant application in patients with severe early childhood caries (S-ECC). Methods: This prospective, sing …

06.08.2026

A massive right Sylvian fissure epidermoid cyst presented with progressive truncal ataxia and hemiparesis: a case report

Introduction: Intracranial epidermoid cysts are rare congenital lesions that can occur in the suprasellar region, the cerebellopontine angle, the basilar-pontine fossa, the ventricular system, and, only rarely, the Sylvian fissure. Case presentation: We present the case of a 41 y …

06.08.2026

Genetic landscape of pediatric seizures in Southeast China: identification of a novel GLI3 frameshift variant through whole-exome sequencing

Background: Pediatric seizure disorders are clinically and genetically heterogeneous. Whole-exome sequencing has improved the detection of rare genetic variants in childhood epilepsy; however, data from pediatric populations in Southeast China remain limited. This study aimed to …

06.08.2026

Significant anti-myeloma potential of green tea infusion and its component dihydromyricetin

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a fatal hematological malignancy characterized by overgrowth of monoclonal plasma cells. Although green tea exhibits well-documented antitumor properties, its specific effects against MM remain poorly characterized. This study aimed to investigate the ant …

06.08.2026

Trends in pediatric traumatic brain injury-related mortality in the United States from 1999 to 2024: a retrospective cross-sectional analysis

Background: Pediatric traumatic brain injury (pTBI) remains a preventable cause of death among U.S. children and adolescents. Prior national CDC WONDER-based analyses described pTBI mortality through 2017; however, updated surveillance is needed to evaluate post-2017 and post-202 …

06.08.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Mapping the national burden of cellulitis and related conditions in the United States, 1999–2024: a retrospective cohort analysis

Background: Cellulitis is a common bacterial skin infection associated with substantial morbidity and economic burden in the United States, yet long-term national mortality trends remain poorly characterized. Methods: We analyzed multiple cause-of-death data from CDC WONDER from …

06.08.2026

Temporal trends and demographic disparities in gastric ulcer mortality in the United States: a population-based study, 1999–2020

Introduction: Gastric ulcers are a major subtype of peptic ulcer disease and remain an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States, particularly among older adults and high-risk populations. Despite advances in acid-suppressive therapy, Helicobacter pylori era …

06.08.2026

Prevalence and clinical factors that are associated with low health-related quality of life in children with vascular malformations: a cross-sectional study

Background: Patient-reported health-related quality of life (HR QoL) outcomes are important for determining the burden of disease and responses to therapy in patients with vascular malformations (VaMs). Methods: A cross-sectional observational study of 28 children with VaM was pe …

05.08.2026

In the setting of tricuspid valve repair or replacement, should epicardial pacing leads be favoured over transvenous leads?

A best evidence topic in cardiac surgery was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed “In patients undergoing tricuspid valve repair or replacement, should epicardial pacing leads be favored over transvenous leads?” A total of 46 papers were identified, …

05.08.2026

Temporal and geographic patterns of breast cancer–related google search activity and its association with CDC-reported incidence in the United States (2005–2023)

Background: Breast cancer remains the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women worldwide and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. With increasing reliance on digital platforms for health information, Google Trends has emerged as a potential tool for digital surveillance …

05.08.2026

Laparoscopic management of an unexpected cholecystogastric fistula discovered during common bile duct exploration: a case report and focused literature review

Introduction and importance: Cholecystoenteric fistulas are rare complications of long-standing gallstone disease. Cholecystogastric fistula is the least common subtype and is often difficult to diagnose preoperatively due to nonspecific clinical and radiologic findings. Case pre …

05.08.2026

Recurrent urinary tract infection is not one disease: moving from antibiotic suppression to phenotype-guided prevention

Recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) is commonly defined by episode frequency, but recurrence count alone does not explain why infections recur or which preventive strategy is most appropriate. In everyday practice, patients with postmenopausal hypoestrogenism, post-coital rec …

05.08.2026

Addition of lidocaine to prophylactic ondansetron and dexamethasone in high-risk adults for postoperative nausea and vomiting: a randomized, controlled, double-blinded study

Background: A triple combination of dexamethasone, ondansetron, and droperidol is recommended as prophylaxis to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting in high-risk patients. However, the administration of droperidol is controversial owing to its fatal side effects. Considering …

04.08.2026

Post-traumatic Blaschko-linear dermatitis following prostatectomy: a rare case report

Introduction and importance: Blaschko-linear acquired inflammatory skin eruption includes lichen striatus and blaschkitis, which can be triggered by factors such as pregnancy and autoimmune diseases; a rare case in an elderly man post-prostatectomy illustrates the need for accura …

04.08.2026

Intra-abdominal infections caused by Achromobacter xylosoxidans: a systematic review

Background: Achromobacter xylosoxidans is an emerging cause of intra-abdominal infections, typically after healthcare exposure or in patients with indwelling devices. Intrinsic multidrug resistance and biofilm formation impede empiric therapy and often necessitate source control …

04.08.2026

Macrophage activation syndrome in a 13-month-old child with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis mimicking sepsis: a diagnostic challenge and case report

Introduction: Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a rare but life-threatening hyperinflammatory complication of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA). Early diagnosis is challenging because MAS frequently mimics severe sepsis, particularly in young children. We report …

04.08.2026

Silence-embedded distress: a case report conceptualizing a culturally mediated trauma phenomenon in community-based mental health practice in Rwanda

Background: Trauma-related psychological distress may manifest through culturally shaped patterns of emotional expression that are not fully captured by conventional psychiatric frameworks. Silence, beyond the absence of speech, may represent a socially and culturally mediated re …

04.08.2026

Effect of oral propranolol on clinical findings and complications in retinopathy of premature infants: a randomized controlled trial

Background: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of oral propranolol in reducing the progression of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and its associated complications. Materials and methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted on preterm infants with …

04.08.2026

Hanta virus beyond endemic borders: renewed public health concerns in a globalized world

04.08.2026

Exploring the therapeutic potential of Astragalin in Parkinson’s disease: a network pharmacology approach

Background/objectives: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with limited treatment options. This study investigated the therapeutic potential of astragalin (AST) in PD and explored its underlying mechanisms. Methods: Network pharmacology identified nine overla …

04.08.2026

Laparoscopic-to-open orchiectomy for an atrophic undescended testis in an adult: a case report

Introduction: Adult presentation of an undescended testis is rare and can pose significant surgical challenges due to anatomical distortion, fibrosis, and diagnostic ambiguity. Early identification and appropriate surgical planning are essential to avoid complications and the ris …

04.08.2026

Methodological considerations on a meta-analysis of TEAS for post-anesthetic shivering

04.08.2026

Mortality trends involving chronic kidney disease and electrolyte and acid–base disorders in the United States, 1999–2023: a CDC WONDER analysis

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing global health burden, often complicated by electrolyte and acid–base disorders that exacerbate morbidity and mortality. Despite recognition of CKD-related cardiovascular outcomes, mortality patterns involving metabolic complic …

04.08.2026

Subdural empyema in a 14-year-old female initially diagnosed as meningitis: a case report of a rare Streptococcus constellatus infection

Background: Subdural empyema (SDE) is an uncommon, potentially life-threatening intracranial infection that can present with meningitis-like features, causing a diagnostic challenge. Streptococcus constellatus , a member of the Streptococcus anginosus group, is an unusual cause o …

04.08.2026

Mast cell leukemia with complex genomic alterations in an elderly patient with prior hematologic and solid malignancies: a case report

Introduction: Mast cell leukemia (MCL) is the rarest and most aggressive variant of systemic mastocytosis (approximately 1% of cases), with a median survival of under 2 years. Diagnosis requires ≥20% atypical mast cells in the marrow aspirate, and the disease frequently overlaps …

04.08.2026

COVID-19 vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT): two case reports

Introduction: Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) was first described in March 2021 after several reported cases of a prothrombotic syndrome following the administration of an adenoviral vector vaccine; this syndrome can be fatal and is associated with high …

04.08.2026

Acute pancreatitis following semaglutide therapy: a case report

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a potentially life-threatening condition that can result from various aetiologies. While gallstones and alcohol consumption are the most common causes, medications can also induce AP. In the absence of a clear cause, drug-induced acute pancr …

04.08.2026

Delayed C5 palsy following thoracolumbar deformity surgery: a case report

Background: C5 palsy is a known complication following decompressive cervical spine surgery, most often attributed to factors such as foraminal stenosis, cord drift, or traction. While its incidence after cervical procedures is well-documented, C5 palsy occurring after thoracolum …

04.08.2026

Neuroprotective effects of chrysin in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease

Background: Chrysin, or 5,7-dihydroxyflavone, is a flavonoid with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects, which are significant in Parkinson’s disease. The objective of the study is to investigate the protective effects of chrysin in Parkinson’s disease. Mater …

04.08.2026

Effectiveness of prophylactic administration of intravenous paracetamol for prevention of post-spinal anesthesia shivering among parturients undergoing cesarean section at a tertiary specialized hospital: a prospective cohort study, 2025

Background: Spinal anesthesia (SA) often causes shivering, which can lead to harmful physiological effects. Recent research suggests that intravenous paracetamol may help prevent this complication, but evidence is limited in low-resource settings such as Ethiopia. Objective: This …

04.08.2026

Impact of schizophrenia on coronary artery bypass grafting outcomes: a nationwide analysis

Background: Schizophrenia is associated with an elevated cardiovascular disease burden and mortality. However, outcomes for patients with schizophrenia undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remain poorly characterized. We investigated perioperative outcomes, resource …

04.08.2026

Comparison of binocular vision status between spectacles & spherical equivalent soft contact lens wear in patients with low myopic astigmatism

Purpose: To investigate the acute, same-day changes in binocular vision parameters when switching from spectacle wear to spherical-equivalent soft contact lens wear in patients with low myopic astigmatism. Method: This acute, same-day comparative study included 36 participants ag …

04.08.2026

Unexpected viability in avascular necrosis of proximal pole of scaphoid with nonunion: a case of spontaneous revascularization

Introduction: Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the proximal pole of the scaphoid is a well-recognized complication of scaphoid fractures, particularly when diagnosis or treatment is delayed. Due to the scaphoid’s retrograde blood supply, the proximal pole is highly susceptible to isch …

04.08.2026

Where the final day is spent: patterns in place of death among U.S. adults with alcoholic liver cirrhosis, 1999–2023

Background: Alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC) remains a leading cause of liver-related mortality in the United States (U.S.); however, national data on place of death and sociodemographic patterns are limited. This study aimed to evaluate 25-year national trends in ALC-related mort …

04.08.2026

DAT-negative autoimmune hemolytic anemia following acute hepatitis a in a pediatric patient with elevated IgA: a rare case report and literature review

Introduction: Acute hepatitis A (AHA) is typically self-limited, with complications occurring in only 0.1% of patients. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) following AHA is exceedingly rare; only four adult cases have been reported. We present the first documented pediatric case o …

13.07.2026

From emerging viral pathogens to pan-resistant bacteria: toward a post-antibiotic era in immunocompromised patients

Emerging viral infections and accelerating antimicrobial resistance (AMR) have converged into a profound global health crisis, particularly endangering immunocompromised patients. One in six laboratory-confirmed bacterial infections is now resistant to common antibiotics, with re …

11.06.2026

“It helped with my pain and more”: older adults’ virtual reality experience following major elective abdominal surgery, a qualitive study

Background: Immersive virtual reality (IVR) for managing postoperative pain and other symptoms in older adults after major surgery remains underexplored. This qualitative study examined older adults’ lived experiences using IVR during the initial days following inpatient elective …

09.06.2026

4D-printed shape-memory bioimplants addressing rare progressive scoliosis in Marfanoid–Loeys–Dietz overlap syndromes

18.05.2026

Could influenza trigger a transient stiff-person syndrome mimic? Exploring molecular mimicry between hemagglutinin and GAD65

07.05.2026

Balancing benefit and burden: a critical appraisal of prophylactic ileostomy in laparoscopic low anterior resection

06.05.2026

Epigenetic memory in renal fibrosis: toward fibroblast identity reprogramming via CRISPR-dCas9 epigenome editing

06.05.2026

Stop the bleed and preventable deaths: lessons from homicide autopsy data on extremity vascular injuries

06.05.2026

“From trials to treatment: resmetirom as the first approved drug for NASH”

06.05.2026

Comparing transcatheter and surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus in infants: evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Preterm neonates, especially those with extremely low birth weights, frequently develop patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Timely intervention is necessary because persistent PDA can lead to significant morbidities and increased mortality. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to ev …

13.04.2026

Antimicrobial resistance in Burundi: a silent crisis

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a critical global health challenge that undermines the effectiveness of treatment for infectious diseases, with profound implications for patient outcomes and public health. This review focuses on AMR in Burundi, a country facing signific …

06.04.2026

Mechanical complications of transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a review article

Aortic stenosis (AS) represents a prevalent valvular heart disease, particularly affecting the elderly population, with substantial implications for morbidity and mortality. This review examines the epidemiology, pathophysiology, management strategies, complications, and future i …

26.03.2026

Pill or plug? Rethinking secondary stroke prevention for PFO patients

Although patent foramen ovale (PFO) is common in the general population, it is notably more prevalent among patients with cryptogenic stroke (CS). The optimal management of PFO remains uncertain, with ongoing debate over the effectiveness of medical therapy compared to closure pr …

25.02.2026

Chromosome 17p loss and coagulation dysregulation in breast cancer: implications for metastatic risk – a narrative review

Chromosome 17p loss is a frequent genomic alteration observed in aggressive breast cancer subtypes and is strongly associated with poor clinical outcomes. This chromosomal region harbors essential tumor suppressor genes, including TP53, whose inactivation drives genomic instabili …

12.02.2026

Effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on post-anesthetic shivering: a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis

12.02.2026

Targeting mitochondrial quality control using AI-Driven drug repurposing in drug-resistant epilepsy

09.02.2026

Artificial light at night and melatonin suppression: an underrecognized neuroendocrine risk factor

Artificial light at night (ALAN) has become an unavoidable feature of modern living, yet its biological consequences remain underestimated in clinical and public health discourse. Chronic exposure to nocturnal light disrupts melatonin secretion, alters circadian signaling, and in …

06.02.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Artemisinin-based combination therapies in Africa: efficacy, adherence, and future directions

Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) have become the cornerstone of malaria treatment across Africa, substantially reducing morbidity and mortality caused by Plasmodium falciparum . Their combination of a fast-acting artemisinin derivative with a longer-acting partner d …

06.02.2026

Reconceptualizing restrictive cardiomyopathy as a modifiable gut–clonal hematopoiesis-inflammation axis

05.02.2026

Autonomic neuromodulation guided by machine learning for phenotype-specific HFpEF management

27.01.2026

Computational genomics in rare fibrinogen deficiencies leading to hemorrhagic psychosis

27.01.2026

A rare case report quadrigeminal plate cistern lipoma – an in-depth analysis of intracranial pathology and a literature review

Introduction: Intracranial lipomas are rare, benign congenital anomalies, comprising less than 0.1% of primary brain tumors. Among them, quadrigeminal plate cistern lipomas are the second most common subtype and are typically discovered incidentally due to their asymptomatic natu …

22.01.2026

Music-induced analgesia and dopaminergic gating of pain memory: 2025 neurochemical evidence for auditory therapeutics

Auditory-driven analgesia through music exposure is emerging as a biologically measurable modulator of pain memory rather than a distraction-based coping tool alone. Latest 2025 neurochemical mapping shows that structured music stimuli activate mesolimbic dopamine release, reduce …

22.01.2026 · 1 Zitationen

G-CSF biosimilars vs. originator filgrastim for febrile neutropenia prophylaxis: systematic review of cost-effectiveness, safety, and clinical outcomes

Background: Granulocyte-colony-stimulating factors (G-CSFs) help avoid the serious complication of febrile neutropenia (FN) among cancer patients being treated with chemotherapy. Since biosimilar G-CSFs have joined the market, it is necessary to compare them to traditional G-CSFs …

21.01.2026

A rare case report of pediatric sick sinus syndrome: misdiagnosed as psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES), unmasked by Holter monitoring

Background: Sick sinus syndrome (SSS) is an uncommon cardiac conduction disorder in children. This typically presents a diagnostic challenge due to its nonspecific nature and similarity to neurological diseases. Case presentation: We present a 13-year-old boy with recurrent episo …

06.08.2026

Electroacupuncture therapy improves cognitive dysfunction after ischemic stroke in Sprague-Dawley rats by adjusting the lncRNA-MEG3/miR-4640-3p axis: Erratum

03.08.2026

Quackery in Pakistan: a narrative literature review of a persistent public health threat

Introduction and background: Quackery remains a significant yet under-recognized public health threat in Pakistan. The term “quack” varies in definition across regions but commonly refers to individuals lacking formal training, legal registration, and authorization to provide hea …

06.08.2026

A narrative review on the neurobiology of lucid dreaming: mechanisms and therapeutic potential: Retraction

28.07.2026

Thyrotoxicosis presenting with periodic paralysis in a young male: a case report

Introduction and importance: Periodic paralysis is an uncommon presentation of thyrotoxicosis characterized by acute flaccid paralysis due to hypokalemia. Thyrotoxicosis is often missed as the cause of periodic paralysis due to a lack of overt symptoms. Early recognition and appr …

28.07.2026

Efficacy of simvastatin as adjunctive therapy in liver cirrhosis: an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

The clinical benefit of simvastatin as an adjunctive treatment in liver cirrhosis remains inconclusive, with prior syntheses becoming outdated after the publication of the largest trial on the topic. This updated meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the therapeutic impact of simvastat …

28.07.2026

Exercise-induced rhabdomyolysis following a swimming session complicated by acute kidney injury: a case report

Introduction: Exercise-induced rhabdomyolysis (EIR) is an uncommon but potentially serious condition that can occur after intense or even moderate physical exertion. While EIR is typically linked to strenuous activity or heat exposure, swimming is a rarely reported trigger. Case …

28.07.2026

Collateral circulation as a possible predictor of symptomatic median arcuate ligament syndrome: a case report

Introduction and importance: Median arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS) is a rare and often underrecognized cause of postprandial abdominal pain resulting from extrinsic compression of the celiac artery by the median arcuate ligament. Diagnosis is challenging due to nonspecific symp …

28.07.2026

Mortality attributed to complications of surgical operations in the United States: a retrospective cohort study of death certificate data, 1999–2024

Background: Complications of surgical operations remain an important contributor to preventable mortality, despite advances in perioperative care, anesthesia, and surgical safety. However, long-term national mortality trends and demographic disparities associated with surgical co …

28.07.2026

Isolated renal artery occlusion in blunt abdominal trauma: a literature review with a case report

Introduction and importance: Renal artery occlusion following blunt abdominal trauma is uncommon and is rarely reported in the emergency department. It has traditionally been managed with surgical intervention, but new methods are emerging that involve conservative therapy and mi …

28.07.2026

Painless vertebral artery dissection mimicking benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: a case report

Acute positional vertigo is a common neurological presentation, which is often assumed to be due to benign peripheral vestibular causes. This paper presents the case of a woman in her late 30s who presented with brief, recurrent, position-triggered vertigo. She had no headache, n …

28.07.2026

Relationship between prostate-specific antigen and prostate volume in benign enlargement of the prostate: a descriptive cross-sectional study

Introduction: Benign enlargement of the prostate (BEP) is a common urological condition among aging males, often leading to lower urinary tract symptoms and an increase in serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. The clinical challenge lies in distinguishing benign prostatic …

27.07.2026

Cross-race vs. same-race collaboration in plastic surgery: AI-driven analysis of research and race-interaction dynamics

Background: Racial diversity in plastic surgery research remains a challenge. This study employs artificial intelligence (AI)-driven big data analysis to assess racial representation, cross-race mentorship trends, and research productivity disparities among plastic surgery author …

27.07.2026

Insights into the pathophysiology of stroke-heart syndrome: a review of recent literature and clinical trials to illuminate promising therapeutic strategies

Stroke heart syndrome (SHS) represents a complex interplay between cerebrovascular and cardiovascular pathophysiology, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. This review explores the mechanisms underlying SHS, highlighting neurogenic, inflammatory, and hemodynamic intera …

27.07.2026

FDA approval of hepcludex: a milestone in the treatment of chronic hepatitis delta virus infection

27.07.2026

Collision tumor of medullary and papillary thyroid carcinoma with coexisting follicular adenoma: a unique triple pathology case report and review of literature

Background: The synchronous occurrence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) within the same thyroid gland is extremely rare, and their occurrence with follicular adenoma has not been reported yet. Such coexistence poses significant diagnostic …

27.07.2026

Early metastatic BRAFV600E mutation melanoma without known primary lesion: a case report

Introduction and importance: Malignant melanoma (MM) has a poor prognosis and is rare in China. Case presentation: A 23-year-old man presented with an initial complaint of a mass under the left armpit without any symptoms. Multiple movable, merged, peanut-sized masses were found …

27.07.2026

Postoperative pneumonia after lung resection: a prospective double-blind comparative study of bronchial colonization and antibiotic prophylaxis

Background: Postoperative pneumonia (POP) remains a major cause of morbidity after lung cancer surgery. The role of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP), particularly the choice of antibiotics and their adjustment to bronchial colonization, is still debated. Methods: We con …

27.07.2026

The role of Lactobacillus plantarum (camel milk isolate) in inflammation and acute pain modulation: a comparative study with acetaminophen in animal model

Background: Recent studies indicate that modulation of the gut-microbiota through probiotics may offer innovative therapeutic alternatives. This investigation assessed the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Lactobacillus plantarum NIMBB003, a probiotic strain isolated fro …

24.07.2026

Bibliometric analysis of limb replantation and transplantation: global research trends and hotspots (2001–2025)

This bibliometric study analyzed the fields of limb replantation and transplantation to characterize international research trends over the past 25 years. Data were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection, and 780 articles published between January 2001 and July 2025 we …

24.07.2026

Salvage surgery for free flap failure in the maxillofacial region: a comprehensive review of principles and outcomes

Background: Free tissue transfer is the cornerstone of complex maxillofacial reconstruction, offering high success rates (90–95%) but carrying the risk of devastating flap failure in 1.5–5.8% of cases. When failure occurs, it necessitates urgent, strategic decision-making to miti …

24.07.2026

Epidemiology, pathology, diagnosis, and management of amoebic liver abscesses in Sub-Saharan Africa: a retrospective cross-sectional study

Background: Amoebic liver abscesses are more common in lower-income countries. Diagnosis and treatment remain challenging in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology, pathology, diagnosis, and treatment of amoebic liver abscesses at our center. Methods: T …

24.07.2026

The evolving role of interventional radiology in ophthalmology: advancements in imaging, therapeutic applications, and future prospects, a narrative review

Since its establishment, interventional radiology (IR) has played a crucial role in various medical fields, including ophthalmology, in treating various ocular conditions and improving patient outcomes. This review discusses the recent innovations, therapeutic applications, and e …

24.07.2026

Non-traumatic bilateral subdural hematoma in a 1-year-old child with optic glioma: a rare case report and literature review

Introduction and importance: Subdural hematoma (SDH) is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening condition in pediatric patients, most frequently associated with trauma or coagulation disorders. Non-traumatic bilateral SDHs are particularly rare, especially in children underg …

24.07.2026

Do patient personality traits influence total joint arthroplasty outcomes? A systematic review

Background: Outcomes after total joint arthroplasty are influenced by various biopsychosocial factors, among which preoperative psychological status and personality traits play a crucial role. Given that personality traits – such as extroversion, psychoticism, anxiety, and neurot …

24.07.2026

Status of ocular health and binocular vision among children using digital devices: a cross-sectional study

Background: With the advancement of technologies, there is an increase in the usage of electronic devices like computers, tablets, and smartphones for both vocational and avocational purposes. This causes an increased effort for near vision, which ultimately leads to increased ac …

24.07.2026

An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses evaluating the efficacy and safety of mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke

Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is an established treatment for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to large vessel occlusion. However, evidence from multiple systematic reviews and meta-analyses varies across patient populations and clinical subgroups. This umbrella review aimed to syn …

24.07.2026

Second or subsequent microvascular free flaps in head and neck reconstructive surgery: a narrative review

Background: Microvascular free tissue transfer is the cornerstone of complex head and neck reconstruction, with primary flap success rates exceeding 95% in high-volume centers. However, a growing number of patients require second or subsequent free flaps due to recurrent malignan …

23.07.2026

Chronic cancer pain in adult oncology centers of Northern Ethiopia: prevalence, determinants, and clinical impact – a multi-center cross-sectional study

Background: Chronic pain significantly affects a person’s quality of life, interferes with treatment adherence, and substantially increases healthcare costs. There are limited data on the prevalence, risk factors, and impacts of chronic pain in Northern Ethiopia. Methods: Followi …

22.07.2026

Seizures as the initial presentation of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in an elderly patient: a case report and literature review

Introduction and importance: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a rare cerebrovascular disorder with heterogeneous clinical presentations. Although headache is the most common symptom, atypical presentations without headache may lead to diagnostic challenges, particularly …

22.07.2026

Focal therapy in localized prostate cancer: moving from therapeutic enthusiasm to structured stewardship

Focal therapy has emerged as a proposed middle path in localized prostate cancer, positioned between active surveillance and radical whole-gland treatment. Its appeal lies in treating the dominant clinically significant lesion while preserving uninvolved prostate tissue and adjac …

22.07.2026

Preoperative serum albumin levels as predictors of postoperative morbidity in pediatric congenital heart surgery: a retrospective cohort study

Background: Severe congenital heart disease often requires cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery. Preoperative hypoalbuminemia may adversely affect postoperative recovery; however, the dose–response relationship between preoperative serum albumin levels and early postoperative adv …

21.07.2026

Fluorescence ureteral navigation in laparoscopic Hartmann’s procedure after aortic repair: a case report

Introduction and importance: Ureteral injury is a critical complication of colorectal surgery, particularly in reoperative fields where severe adhesions obscure the dissection layer. A near-infrared fluorescent ureteral catheter (NIRFUC) provides real-time ureteral visualization, …

21.07.2026

Partial appendiceal duplication with double bases converging into a single body and tip: a first reported case from Nepal

Introduction: Anomalies of the appendix are very rare, occurring only in 0.004% to 0.009% of appendectomy cases. Among these, appendiceal duplication represents a particularly unusual finding. We are presenting a case of an appendicular lump with an appendix having two bases conv …

21.07.2026

A three-dimensional framework for acute appendicitis integrating etiology, pathological severity, and host response

Acute appendicitis is one of the most common causes of emergency abdominal surgery, yet clinicians continue to face difficulties in predicting disease severity, interpreting laboratory biomarkers, and explaining heterogeneous clinical presentations. Current classification systems …

20.07.2026

A cervical schwannoma masquerading as a thyroid nodule: a surgical diagnostic pitfall – a case report

Introduction: Midline neck swellings that move with deglutition are commonly attributed to thyroid pathology. However, non-thyroidal cervical lesions may occasionally mimic thyroid nodules, leading to diagnostic uncertainty. Cervical schwannomas presenting in the thyroid bed regi …

20.07.2026

Acute pancreatitis mimicking hyperemesis gravidarum in the first trimester in young primigravida: diagnostic difficulty and a rare case report

Introduction and importance: Acute pancreatitis (AP) in pregnancy is rare, and its symptoms often overlap with common conditions like hyperemesis gravidarum (HG), which complicates diagnosis. Early recognition and appropriate management can prevent significant maternal and fetal …

20.07.2026

Prevalence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes among chronic kidney disease patients and laboratorial differences between diabetics and non-diabetics

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) imposes a significant burden on patients and the entire healthcare system. Over the years, the incidence of CKD has been rising in the Arab world, primarily due to increased rates of diabetes and hypertension – the leading causes of CKD. S …

20.07.2026

Advanced local jejunal carcinoma treated with cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC): a case report and review of the literature

Introduction: Jejunal carcinoma, a rare subset of small bowel adenocarcinomas, is characterized by its aggressive nature and nonspecific clinical presentation. The prognosis becomes particularly poor when peritoneal carcinomatosis is present. Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined …

17.07.2026

Trends and disparities in acute respiratory distress syndrome-related mortality in the United States, 1999–2020: a CDC WONDER database analysis

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains a concern for public health in the United States, with demographic groups being affected disproportionately in terms of mortality. The aim of this study is to describe national trends in mortality related to ARDS from …

17.07.2026

From algorithm to alarm: a narrative review on insulin delivery innovation

Background and objective: The global rise in the incidence of diabetes mellitus necessitates innovative management strategies to mitigate the severity of the disease. The mainstay of diabetes treatment is still insulin therapy, although there are drawbacks, such as the need to ma …

15.07.2026

Kaposi sarcoma in the era of immunodeficiency: challenges and opportunities for treatment and prevention

Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a multifocal angioproliferative disorder closely linked to human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) infection and profound immunodeficiency. Despite landmark advances in combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) that have lowered KS incidence, this malignancy persists a …

15.07.2026

Beyond the mutation: integrating radiogenomics, epigenetics, and immune signatures to overcome therapeutic resistance in CNS tumors: a narrative review

Despite advancements in the field of cancer treatment, its efficacy in tackling central nervous system (CNS) tumors – glioblastomas – remains blunted. This review explores the multifactorial reasons behind these tumors’ resistance to immunotherapeutic strategies, with emphasis on …

15.07.2026

Dental implant rehabilitation after jaw tumor resection: a mini-review of protocols and quality of life across treatment modalities

Introduction: The rehabilitation of patients following jaw tumor resection presents significant challenges, with the goal of restoring both function and quality of life (QoL). Dental implant-supported prostheses are a cornerstone of this rehabilitation, yet the optimal protocol i …

15.07.2026

Podoplanin-positive extracellular vesicles in ovarian cancer: linking thrombosis, platelet crosstalk, and cancer stemness – a narrative review

Ovarian cancer remains a leading cause of gynecologic cancer death worldwide, largely due to late diagnosis, frequent recurrence, and metastatic tendencies. Thrombosis is a common and life-threatening complication in these patients, contributing to poor prognosis and therapy resi …

15.07.2026

Comparative study of preoperative with postoperative diagnosis in acute abdomen

Introduction: Acute abdomen refers to sudden, spontaneous, non-traumatic abdominal pain of less than a week. It is one of the common causes of emergency room visits and abdominal surgery. Therefore, it is critical for healthcare professionals to be familiar with the presentations …

15.07.2026

Divergence between initial and cumulative manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus: effect of age and sex in a prospective lupus cohort from Pakistan

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multi-system autoimmune disease that evolves over time. Understanding differences between initial and cumulative disease manifestations, as well as variations by age and sex, is critical for early recognition and management. Met …

15.07.2026

Effects of prophylactic tranexamic acid on bleeding during transbronchial lung biopsy: a double-blind, randomized controlled trial

Background: This randomized controlled trial evaluated the efficacy of tranexamic acid in preventing bleeding in patients undergoing transbronchial lung biopsy. Materials and methods: This study was a double-blind, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial. Adult patients refer …

15.07.2026

Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome in a patient with type I Chiari malformation: management of an unusual association

Introduction and importance: Wolff–Parkinson–White (WPW) syndrome is a congenital cardiac conduction disorder caused by an accessory pathway that predisposes patients to potentially life-threatening tachyarrhythmias. Chiari malformation type I is a congenital hindbrain anomaly ch …

15.07.2026

Assessment of adversity quotient®: decoding strength and struggle among faculty members of a medical university: a cross-sectional study

Objective: To assess the Adversity Quotient® (AQ®) among medical teaching faculty members by evaluating overall AQ® and its dimensions – Control, Ownership, Reach, and Endurance – while analyzing the influence of demographic variables and examining interrelationships among the CO …

15.07.2026

Concurrent postpartum cerebral venous thrombosis and acute toxoplasmosis–debut of a unique clinical convergence: a case report

Introduction and importance: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare but serious condition, with pregnancy and puerperium representing major risk factors. Toxoplasma gondii typically causes asymptomatic infection in immunocompetent individuals. No case of concurrent postpartum …

14.07.2026

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis with an abnormally sized nasal polyposis in a 24-year-old male: a case report

Introduction and importance: Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a rare, multisystem vasculitic disorder characterized by asthma, eosinophilia, and necrotizing granulomatous inflammation with vasculitis affecting small- to medium-sized vessels. EGPA is classif …

14.07.2026

Spadmiss with basal ganglia calcification and multilocus genetic disease: a novel phenotypic expansion

Introduction and importance: SpADMiSS syndrome (SPOUT1-Associated Developmental delay, Microcephaly, Seizures, and Short stature) is a recently described autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder caused by biallelic variants in SPOUT1/CENP-32 . The phenotypic spectrum of th …

14.07.2026

Burden of lower extremity peripheral arterial disease in the Western Pacific region, 1990–2021: a comparative analysis

Background: Lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD) significantly impairs limb function, yet research is limited. This study utilized data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study to analyze the epidemiological trends of PAD in the Western Pacific region. Methods: …

14.07.2026

Beneficial effects of PMX-DHP on vasopressor-resistant invasive meningococcal disease: a case report

Introduction and importance: The efficacy of polymyxin B-immobilized fiber column direct hemoperfusion (PMX-DHP) for controlling inflammatory cytokines in patients with invasive meningococcal disease, which causes excessive release of inflammatory cytokines due to massive amounts …

14.07.2026

Efficacy of deep sclerectomy using the transverse peeling technique: short-term outcomes

Purpose: Determination of the efficacy of Sirhy’s transverse peeling technique, a modification of traditional deep sclerectomy that involves the creation of a wider and longer deep scleral flap to increase aqueous humor drainage. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study con …

14.07.2026

“Adjunctive topical amphotericin B in post-transplant surgical-site mucormycosis in an immunocompromised diabetic patient: a case report”

Introduction: Cutaneous mucormycosis is a rapidly progressive and often fatal fungal infection predominantly affecting immunocompromised hosts, with post-transplant patients being particularly vulnerable due to immunosuppressive regimens and metabolic derangements. Despite its hi …

14.07.2026

A case report on silent clear cell renal cell carcinoma with intraluminal ureteric extension: a pattern beyond conventional AJCC staging

Introduction: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) usually presents with the classic three signs: flank pain, blood in the urine, and a palpable mass in the abdomen. Presentation of case: We present a case of a 54-year-old woman who exhibited altered bowel habits. Cholecystectomy was sched …

14.07.2026

Clinical outcomes of a novel technique for the treatment of oroantral fistulas: a 3-year retrospective study

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of the fistula mucosal debridement technique in the treatment of oroantral fistulas (OAFs) measuring ≤3 mm in diameter. Materials and methods: This retrospective study analyzed 20 patients with OAFs (≤3 mm) tr …

14.07.2026

Comment on Preoperative prediction of difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy

This correspondence evaluates the study by Basukala et al on the preoperative prediction of difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). While the authors contribute to an important area of surgical risk stratification, several methodological considerations may limit the robustne …

14.07.2026

Exploring awareness, perceptions, and career interest in interventional radiology among medical students in Multan, Pakistan: a cross-sectional survey

Background: Interventional radiology (IR) is a rapidly evolving medical specialty that utilizes minimally invasive, image-guided procedures for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. However, awareness and career interest in IR remain limited, particularly in Pakistan. This study a …

14.07.2026

Mental health and educational support strategies for students with learning disabilities in Sub-Saharan Africa

Learning disabilities limit students’ participation in education and pose restrictions on their daily functioning, as they are often excluded from mainstream schools and lack adequate support due to stigmatization, poor inclusive teaching resources, and limited trained special ed …

14.07.2026

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia in a 72-year-old woman presenting with recurrent epistaxis and liver cirrhosis: a case report

Introduction and importance: Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a rare inherited vascular disorder characterized by mucocutaneous telangiectasias and visceral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Although epistaxis often begins in childhood, serious complications, part …

14.07.2026

Effects of growth hormone therapy on facial anthropometric features in children with growth disorders: a cohort study

Background: Despite the relatively widespread use of growth hormone (GH), information on its impact on craniofacial development remains limited. This study aims to assess changes in various facial anthropometric features in children receiving GH therapy for growth-related disorde …

14.07.2026

Rising trends in mortality due to cocaine use and cardiovascular diseases in the United States: a retrospective analysis

Background: Cocaine use and cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related mortality trends in the U.S. are underreported. Using the CDC’s Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database, we analyzed the relationship between cocaine use and CVD-related deaths. Methods: We anal …

14.07.2026

Mid-term safety and feasibility of an absorbable gelatin film adhesion barrier after laparoscopic colorectal resection

Background: With the current increase in life expectancy, the likelihood of undergoing multiple abdominal surgeries has risen. Adhesions from previous operations can prolong operative time, increase the risk of organ injury, and cause adhesive small bowel obstruction. Materials a …

13.07.2026

A rare case of life-threatening swimming pool pneumonia in an adult: the use of extracorporeal technique (ECMO)

A 19-year-old male presented with a history of cough, shortness of breath, and fever, which started 6 hours after indoor swinging. His chest X-ray showed lung haziness and left-sided pleural effusion. A computed tomographic scan of the chest revealed bilateral lung infiltrates su …

13.07.2026

Amylin-based obesity therapy: a meta-analysis of Cagrilintide and CagriSema versus placebo

Background: Obesity remains a major global health challenge, driving demand for effective pharmacotherapies. Cagrilintide, a once-weekly amylin receptor agonist, and its fixed-dose combination with semaglutide (CagriSema) represent novel therapeutic approaches. This systematic re …

13.07.2026

When crime signals cortex: frontotemporal dementia presenting as late-onset criminality and the case for neuroimaging in geriatric offenders

13.07.2026

Andy Gump deformity: a rare benign jaw tumor sequela

Introduction and importance: Andy Gump deformity, rarely associated with benign jaw tumors, is characterized by an almost absent lower lip and chin. It is mainly linked to malignant jaw tumors or trauma. Case presentation: In this case report, we present a 24-year-old female pres …

13.07.2026

Case study of elevated alpha-fetoprotein secondary to drug-induced hepatitis mimicking germ cell tumor: a diagnostic pitfall

Introduction and importance: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a tumor marker commonly associated with hepatocellular carcinoma and germ cell tumors. However, non-malignant conditions, such as drug-induced liver injury (DILI), can also cause significant AFP elevation, leading to potenti …

13.07.2026

Imaging negative subcapsular liver hematoma in parturients with HELLP syndrome: a report of two cases

Introduction and importance: We report two cases of parturients with HELLP syndrome who were diagnosed with subcapsular liver hemorrhage (SLH) during an emergency cesarean section. Case presentation: In case 1, a 30-year-old woman who was pregnant at 34+ weeks was admitted becaus …

13.07.2026

Development and validation of the BRAFV600E prediction model from clinical and ultrasound features in papillary thyroid carcinoma: a large cohort study

Background: The preoperative prediction of BRAFV600E mutation could help in devising appropriate strategies for patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram based on clinical and ultrasound features to predict BRAFV600E muta …

10.07.2026

Effects of crocin on anxiety, depression, and hippocampal BDNF expression in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Background: Crocin possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Objective: This study investigated the effects of crocin on anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors and its association with hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in streptozotocin …

10.07.2026

Table tennis musculoskeletal injuries in young high-level players: a 17-year retrospective cohort study

Background: Table tennis is a racket sport that has been growing in popularity in recent years. The current scientific literature on injuries remains limited. We aimed to assess the incidence and nature of injuries in young table tennis players. Methods: We conducted a 17-year re …

10.07.2026

Study on the mechanism of “Sang-Mei Decoction” in postoperative rectal cancer based on evaluation with a meridian assessment instrument

Rectal cancer has a high incidence rate, and postoperative recurrence, metastasis, and mortality remain significant, incurring substantial societal costs. Our preliminary research suggests that tumorigenesis involves constitutional changes closely linked to mental and emotional s …

10.07.2026

Agentic AI in oncology: autonomous workflows for clinical decision support and evidence synthesis

10.07.2026

Perioperative teriparatide in adult spinal deformity: a retrospective comparative cohort study

Background: Adults with low bone mineral density (BMD) face higher risks of implant loosening, pseudarthrosis, and junctional complications following long-segment spinal deformity reconstruction. Teriparatide (TPTD), an anabolic agent that enhances bone formation, may improve fix …

09.07.2026

Knowledge, attitude, and awareness of artificial intelligence among medical staff in Kabul City

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being applied in medicine for diagnosis, treatment, and decision-making. While enthusiasm for AI training among healthcare workers has been reported globally, little is known about awareness and attitudes in Afghanistan, wh …

09.07.2026

Mini-incision oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) and anterolateral screw-rod fixation for surgical treatment of L5 spondylolisthesis

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy of mini-incision oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) and anterolateral screw-rod fixation through the approach between the great vessels and the psoas muscle for the surgical treatment of L5 spondylolisthesis. Methods: From December …

08.07.2026

The forgotten foe returns: cholera’s warning to a complacent world demanding urgent action

Cholera, a deadly bacterial infection, affects 1.3–4 million people annually. Reports in early 2025 show a sharp rise in cases, especially in the Eastern Mediterranean and African regions, posing a serious global threat. This perspective argues that this reappearance is not just …

06.07.2026

The effect of beetroot juice (BRJ) supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD): a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to quantify the effect of beetroot juice (BRJ) supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD), inflammatory biomarkers, muscle function, and muscle soreness. Methods: The Robvis tool was used for assessin …

03.07.2026

Burden of gallbladder and biliary tract cancer (GBTC) in the middle east and North Africa (MENA) from 1990 to 2021: from the global burden of disease (GBD)

Introduction: Gallbladder and biliary tract cancer (GBTC) is a rare but aggressive malignancy with poor survival outcomes, mainly due to late-stage diagnosis and limited treatment options. Despite prominent global disparities in incidence and outcomes, comprehensive data on the G …

03.07.2026

Mapping the research landscape of artificial intelligence in heart failure: a bibliometric analysis

Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome with high morbidity and mortality. Despite advancements in treatment, its management remains a challenge. The objective of this study was to map the scientific landscape of artificial intelligence (AI) applications in HF management through …

03.07.2026

Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of self-medication and healthcare-seeking behavior among residents in the vicinity of a tertiary healthcare center in Madhesh Province, Nepal

Background and objectives: Self-medication (SM) is the consumption of medicine by oneself for health-related issues without any prescription, while healthcare-seeking behavior refers to any action taken by individuals when they experience a health-related issue, with the goal of …

03.07.2026

Impact of HLA-B leader matching on clinical outcomes of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in adult patients with acute leukemia, a retrospective cohort study

Background: Haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) with post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) has expanded donor availability for acute leukemia, yet the clinical relevance of emerging immunogenetic markers remains uncertain. This study investigated …

03.07.2026

Statin exposure after multiple myeloma diagnosis and risk of all-cause mortality, venous thromboembolism, pathological fractures, and acute kidney injury: a propensity score-matched retrospective cohort study

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) carries substantial risks of venous thromboembolism (VTE), pathological fractures, acute kidney injury (AKI), and death. Statins possess anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-thrombotic properties that may reduce these complications, yet …

03.07.2026

Robot-assisted Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy with intrathoracic anastomosis for adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction: a cohort study of 156 cases

Background: To compare the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant therapy (NT) followed by robot-assisted Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy vs. upfront surgery (S) in patients with locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 156 …

03.07.2026

Prevalence and factors associated with postoperative nausea and vomiting in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication that adversely affects patient recovery and satisfaction after surgery. Globally, PONV affects 20–30% of surgical patients and up to 70–80% in high-risk groups. In Ethiopia, reported incidences vary, bu …

03.07.2026

Efficacy of nasal high-flow therapy versus standard oxygen therapy in hypoxemic respiratory failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTS

Introduction: Respiratory failure is a serious condition caused by impaired gas exchange, leading to hypoxemia or hypercapnia. Nasal high-flow therapy (NHFT) has emerged as an alternative to standard oxygen therapy (SOT). This meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy and safety of NH …

02.07.2026

From Purpura to pulmonary hemorrhage: dermatological clues to systemic vasculitis – a case of granulomatosis with polyangiitis

Introduction: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a rare ANCA-associated vasculitis that can convincingly mimic IgA vasculitis when it presents with palpable purpura and a leukocytoclastic biopsy. Failure to perform direct immunofluorescence (DIF) and ANCA testing at presen …

02.07.2026

Endovascular thrombectomy for stroke due to medium vessel occlusion: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background: Medium vessel occlusion (MeVO) strokes are a unique subgroup with potentially debilitating results, with limited literature on treatment options. This meta-analysis assesses the efficacy of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in MeVO stroke. Methods: Science Direct, PubMe …

01.07.2026

Skin-related complications of casting in children: a systematic review

Casting is the most common treatment for pediatric fractures and neuromuscular-skeletal disorders such as cerebral palsy, developmental or neuromuscular dysplasia of the hip, Perthes disease, and scoliosis. Few studies determine the most common causes of skin complications from c …

30.06.2026

Disparity trends in coexisting renal failure- and pulmonary hypertension-related mortality in the United States (1999–2020): CDC WONDER database study

Renal failure (RF) and pulmonary hypertension (PH) are major contributors to mortality in the United States (U.S.). Globally, RF affects around 11–13% of the population and is the 10th leading cause of death. In the U.S., 15% of adults are estimated to have CKD, with almost 90% u …

30.06.2026

Endoscopic stapes surgery for otosclerosis: clinical, radiological, and audiological outcomes in a retrospective series of 40 patients

Background: Otosclerosis is a primary osteodystrophy of the otic capsule, characterized by abnormal bone remodeling, leading to stapes fixation and progressive conductive or mixed hearing loss. Although microscopic stapes surgery remains the historical standard, endoscopic ear su …

30.06.2026

Adrenaline-induced hypokalemia and critical QT prolongation in a patient with refractory anaphylactic shock complicated by myocardial ischemia: a case report

Introduction: Adrenaline is the first-line treatment for anaphylactic shock. However, adrenaline administration may exacerbate myocardial ischemia and induce fatal arrhythmias. It can also cause hypokalemia, thereby increasing the risk of life-threatening cardiac events. Case pre …

30.06.2026

Pegcetacoplan as a targeted C3 inhibitor in C3 glomerulopathy and immune-complex MPGN

26.06.2026

Fostering the inclusion of teen fathers in adolescent health interventions: a call for structured and gender-inclusive programming

Adolescent pregnancy remains a major global public health challenge, with significant consequences for health, education, and socioeconomic outcomes, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. While existing interventions have rightly prioritized adolescent mothers due to …

26.06.2026

Occult hepatitis B: the masked driver of portal hypertension and life-threatening variceal hemorrhage

Introduction and importance: Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI), characterized by undetectable hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) but detectable HBV DNA, is an underrecognized contributor to chronic liver injury and portal hypertension. Portal hypertension (PHT) commonly complic …

26.06.2026

Massive intra-abdominal irrigation fluid extravasation causing respiratory compromise and compressive hepatopathy during biportal lumbar foraminal endoscopic surgery: a case report

Introduction: Biportal endoscopic spinal surgery is increasingly adopted as a minimally invasive technique with favorable clinical outcomes. Although neurologic complications, such as incidental durotomy and neural injury, are well-documented, serious visceral complications relat …

26.06.2026

Obesity as a risk factor for acute lymphoblastic leukemia in individuals younger than 20 years across 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021: a benchmarking global analysis

Background: Childhood obesity has increased substantially over the past three decades and has been implicated in the development and progression of several malignancies, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This study evaluated global trends in the ALL burden attributabl …

26.06.2026

Transient paresthesia following polymyxin B loading dose in a critically ill patient: a case report

Background: Polymyxins, including colistin and polymyxin B, are considered salvage therapy to treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria. Despite their importance, the clinical use of polymyxins is often constrained by their narrow therapeutic index, es …

03.06.2026

A retrospective cross-sectional study on the nonlinear association between cardiovascular health and overactive bladder in a national population-based cohort

Objective: The relationship between cardiovascular health (CVH) and overactive bladder (OAB) remains incompletely elucidated. We aimed to examine the association between CVH, assessed using the Life’s Essential 8 (LE8) score, and the presence and severity of OAB, as well as its r …

07.05.2026

Enflonsia (clesrovimab) and the future of RSV lower respiratory tract disease prevention in neonates: retraction

20.02.2026

Transcriptomic and epigenomic insights into ovarian cancer: a bioinformatics perspective – a narrative review

Ovarian cancer is a highly heterogeneous malignancy with complex molecular underpinnings that extend beyond genomic mutations to encompass transcriptomic and epigenomic alterations. Advances in next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics have enabled comprehensive profiling of …

06.07.2026

A narrative review on the neurobiology of lucid dreaming: mechanisms and therapeutic potential: erratum

06.07.2026

Categorization of rheumatoid arthritis into mild, moderate, and severe conditions to discriminate specificity and sensitivity of routine diagnostic serum biomarkers: erratum

06.07.2026

Advancing hypoparathyroidism treatment: FDA approval of Palopegteriparatide as a promising orphan drug: Erratum

25.06.2026

Early-onset extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in a young adult with a resected congenital biliary cyst: a rare case report

Introduction: Congenital choledochal cysts are well-recognized risk factors for subsequent hepatobiliary malignancy, particularly cholangiocarcinoma, even after surgical excision. However, the development of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (eCCA) in early adulthood following neon …

25.06.2026

Indocyanine green fluorescence navigation for extrahepatic bile duct visualization in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a prospective cohort study

Objective: To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence navigation in visualizing extrahepatic bile ducts during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and to identify factors influencing imaging quality. Methods: A total of 217 patients who underwe …

24.06.2026

Effectiveness of a chronic care model-based transitional care program for patients with biliary drainage: a randomized controlled trial

Objectives: Patients undergoing biliary drainage are at high risk of readmission. We evaluated a Chronic Care Model (CCM)-based transitional care program designed to improve post-discharge outcomes. Methods: This prospective, two-center randomized controlled trial assigned 300 pa …

23.06.2026

Early rituximab and structured rehabilitation drive rapid functional restoration in steroid- and PLEX-refractory NMOSD: a case report

Introduction and importance: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an antibody-mediated central nervous system disorder, typically presenting with optic neuritis (ON) and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM). Detection of anti–aquaporin 4 (AQP4) antibod …

22.06.2026

Epidemiological patterns of general surgical emergencies during Hajj pilgrimage: a 10-year retrospective cohort study

Background: The public health challenges of the annual Hajj, one of the world’s largest religious mass gatherings, are well-described. However, data on Hajj-related general surgical (GS) admissions and outcomes remain limited. This single-center study describes the spectrum and b …

22.06.2026

Double intussusception: a rare case report and review of the literature

Introduction and importance: Intussusception is one of the most common abdominal emergencies in childhood, characterized by the telescoping of a proximal bowel segment into the adjacent distal segment. While single-site intussusception is frequently encountered, double or simulta …

22.06.2026

Fast-tracked innovation: orforglipron approval under the FDA’s National Priority Voucher program

22.06.2026

The clinical effectiveness and safety of imiquimod versus podophyllotoxin in the topical treatment of condylomata acuminata: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Imiquimod (IMQ) and podophyllotoxin (PDX) are two of the most common self-applied topical therapies for condyloma acuminatum. This review aims to directly compare their clinical effectiveness and safety profiles. Materials and methods: Records from two databases and t …

19.06.2026

Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis following bacterial pneumonia managed with dexamethasone monotherapy: a case report

Introduction: Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare hyperinflammatory syndrome in adults, resulting from uncontrolled immune activation and a cytokine storm, and is frequently misdiagnosed because its manifestations closely resemble severe infection or seps …

19.06.2026

Examining the connection between BRCA1/2 mutations and uterine cancer: a comprehensive review

DNA fix needs BRCA1 and BRCA2. These genes stop bad cell growth. They sit on links 17 and 13. Bad changes in some genes raise the risk of womb cancer. This is true for a type called serous. These faults also boost the chance for womb and breast bad growth. BRCA1 faults lead to mo …

19.06.2026

Hypomagnesemia and its clinical outcome: a prospective observational study in a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh

Background: The most underdiagnosed electrolyte disorder is hypomagnesemia, which occurs due to a lack of magnesium in the body. Hypomagnesemia is a common condition in severely ill patients, along with many other electrolyte abnormalities, such as hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, and …

19.06.2026

Endoscopic detection of near-infrared autofluorescence in the parathyroid glands: a case report of two patients

Introduction and importance: Preservation of the parathyroid glands during thyroid surgery is crucial to prevent postoperative hypocalcemia. Parathyroid glands exhibit intrinsic autofluorescence with an emission peak around 820 nm, and near-infrared imaging has been applied for t …

19.06.2026

Compliance and completeness of WHO Surgical Safety Checklist in a tertiary-level neurosurgical center in Nepal: a retrospective descriptive audit

One million deaths and seven million complications occur in an estimated 234 million procedures carried out worldwide each year; half of these deaths are preventable. Studies have reported a reduction in the mortality rate by 50% after the introduction of the WHO Surgical Safety …

19.06.2026

Psilocybin-assisted therapy in treatment-resistant depression: rapid remission, uncertain durability, and the next phase of clinical evidence

Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a major clinical challenge and is typically defined as the persistence of depressive symptoms despite at least two adequate antidepressant trials. Individuals with TRD experience substantial morbidity, impaired functioning, and elevate …

19.06.2026

Pediatric blunt duodenal injury: a 9-year retrospective single-center series from Vietnam

Background: Pediatric duodenal injury is uncommon, often presents with non-specific features, and is frequently recognized late. Objective: To describe injury patterns, diagnostic imaging, operative strategies (including decompression approaches), and outcomes in children with bl …

19.06.2026

Computational modeling of selenoprotein deficiencies: a transformative avenue in selenoprotein-related psychiatric disorders

19.06.2026

A multi-chip integrated analysis employing machine learning techniques identifies biomarkers for diagnosing PCOS and its comorbidity with T2D

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder closely linked to type 2 diabetes (T2D). Although linked, potential biomarkers for PCOS have not yet been sufficiently studied. This study aimed to identify diagnostic biomarkers linked to PCOS through an integrative …

18.06.2026

Gangrenous cecal volvulus with 720° torsion and prolonged intraoperative hypotension in a resource-limited setting: a case report

Introduction and importance: Cecal volvulus is an uncommon cause of large-bowel obstruction, but when it occurs, it can rapidly become life-threatening, with ischemia and gangrene developing quickly. Explicitly quantified 720° torsion is rarely described. Case presentation: A 45- …

18.06.2026

Comparative evaluation of hook plate and tension band wiring in the management of acromioclavicular dislocation: a retrospective study

Background: The acromioclavicular (AC) joint is located between the lateral end of the clavicle and the medial part of the acromion. The joint capsule is reinforced by a strong system of ligaments, and there is a fibrocartilaginous disc between the two bony surfaces. The AC joint …

18.06.2026

CFHR5 promotes colorectal cancer by upregulating COX4I2 to inhibit ferroptosis

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancies worldwide, characterized by high incidence and mortality rates. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death, has emerged as a critical mechanism in tumor biology. Howe …

17.06.2026

Efficacy and safety of obicetrapib in patients at high cardiovascular risk: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression

Background: Dyslipidemia, particularly elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), is a major risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Despite statin therapy, many patients fail to achieve target lipid levels or experience intolerance. Obicetrapib …

17.06.2026

Off-label GLP-1 receptor agonist and tirzepatide use for weight loss: patient safety and regulatory oversight

17.06.2026

A cross-sectional analysis of liver disease–hypertension comorbid mortality trends in the United States, 1999–2023

Background: The co-listing of liver disease and hypertension (HTN) codes on U.S. death certificates is a documentation pattern that may reflect changing clinical recognition, certification practices, or underlying disease burden; however, these explanations cannot be distinguishe …

16.06.2026

Sacrococcygeal teratoma with severe gluteal deformation in a young woman: A case report

Introduction and importance: Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) is a germ cell tumor derived from primitive germ layers. While SCTs are a common neoplasm in infants and children, they are very rare in adults. Case presentation: We present a 24-year-old Afghan woman with a severe glute …

16.06.2026

The association between genetically proxied GLP-1 receptor agonists and cancer risks

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are widely used for type 2 diabetes and obesity, but their long-term cancer risks remain controversial in observational studies. We conducted a drug-target Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using genetic variants in the GLP …

16.06.2026

Congenital hallux varus with ventricular septal defect: a unique case report

Introduction and importance: Congenital hallux varus (CHV) is a very rare foot deformity, defined by the medial deviation of the great toe at the metatarsophalangeal joint. It can appear in isolation or with other anomalies, such as polydactyly, metatarsus adductus, or a longitud …

16.06.2026

Evaluating the knowledge, attitude, and practices among youth regarding HIV transmission, its prevention, and their stigmatizing attitude toward people living with HIV: an exploratory cross-sectional study

Objective: This study assessed the knowledge of the youth of Pakistan regarding HIV transmission, their misconceptions, and their stigmatizing attitudes toward people living with HIV/AIDS in an exploratory cross-sectional sample. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at …

15.06.2026

Fatal dengue shock syndrome complicated by anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction in a young adult: a case report

Background: Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral illness, a common tropical disease with a wide clinical spectrum. Most infections are mild, but about 5% progress to severe dengue, which includes dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) with plasma leakage, bleeding, …

15.06.2026

Tolerability of breast radiotherapy following cryoablation in the local management or palliation of breast cancer: a case series

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women worldwide, with surgery and radiotherapy constituting the typical standard of care. For patients who are poor surgical candidates, cryoablation offers a minimally invasive alternative with several advantages: p …

15.06.2026

Superinfected appendiceal mucocele with a giant appendicolith: a rare entity in a common surgical emergency – a case report

Introduction: Appendiceal mucocele (AM) is a rare surgical emergency, commonly caused by an appendicolith. An appendicolith larger than 2 cm is termed “giant,” which is rare and carries a high risk of perforation. This case highlights the diagnostic and surgical challenges of a s …

15.06.2026

Emerging trends in post-COVID immune dysregulation: a narrative review

Background: Long coronavirus disease (COVID), or post-acute sequelae of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, is a multi-system condition associated with persistent immune dysregulation, autoimmunity, and vascular perturbations. Understanding the …

15.06.2026

Isolated subcutaneous sarcoidosis presenting as multiple nodules: a rare case with diagnostic challenges

Introduction and importance: Isolated subcutaneous sarcoidosis is an uncommon form of sarcoidosis, typically presenting as firm, painless nodules beneath clinically normal skin. Its rarity, especially in male patients or in atypical anatomical locations, can mimic malignant or in …

15.06.2026

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in a pediatric patient with cri du chat syndrome: a case report

This case highlights a novel association between cri du chat syndrome (CdCS) and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH), a life-threatening pulmonary complication not previously reported in the literature. It emphasizes the importance of considering DAH in pediatric patients with gene …

15.06.2026

Prevalence and predictors of high preoperative anxiety among adults undergoing elective surgery in Eastern Nepal: a multicenter cross-sectional study

Background: Preoperative anxiety (PA) is a common yet under-assessed psychological state that affects surgical outcomes and patient well-being. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of high PA and its associated factors in adult patients undergoing elective surgery in East …

15.06.2026

Efficacy of tranexamic acid with/without drain in knee arthroplasty: a randomized prospective clinical study from Northwest Syria

Purpose: This study evaluated the outcomes of intra-articular tranexamic acid (TXA) and/or suction drainage in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Materials and Methods: Following approval from the institutional review board, a prospective, randomized, and blinded …

15.06.2026

A 16-year-old female with Kala Pathar poisoning, complicated by uncommon cardiac and hepatic manifestations: a rare case report of intensive care management

Introduction and importance: In the subcontinent, hair color containing paraphenylenediamine (PPD) is frequently used due to its affordability and easy accessibility. When administered topically or consumed, PPD has harmful effects both locally and systemically. Since there is no …

15.06.2026

Complete disappearance of ductal carcinoma in situ after neoadjuvant therapy in HER2-positive breast cancer: a case report

Introduction and importance: Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is traditionally considered poorly responsive to neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) because the intact myoepithelial layer and basement membrane may limit drug penetration. Recent studies, however, suggest that some DCIS compone …

15.06.2026

Bridging pathogenesis and therapy in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: the rise of dual receptor blockade with sparsentan

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) represents a heterogeneous clinicopathological entity characterized by podocyte injury, progressive glomerular scarring, and a high risk of progression to end-stage renal disease. Despite advances in understanding its pathophysiology, the …

15.06.2026

Evolution in lung IRI cell death research: a 20-year global bibliometric study (2005–2024)

Background: Lung ischemia–reperfusion injury (LIRI) is a central pathological mechanism underlying primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation. Regulated cell death modalities – including apoptosis, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis – are increasingly recognized as key drivers …

15.06.2026

Surgical management of acute cholangitis associated with a spontaneous biliodigestive fistula after failed endoscopic treatment: a rare case report and review of the literature

Introduction and importance: Choledochoduodenal fistula (CDF) is a rare but important cause of cholangitis, involving an abnormal connection between the common bile duct and the duodenum. It presents with variable clinical symptoms and can complicate management. Case presentation …

11.06.2026

Efficacy of Mavacamten on functional capacity in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a meta-analysis, meta-regression, and trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy, often leading to left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death. Mavacamten, a novel cardiac myosin inhibitor, targets the underlying mechan …

11.06.2026

Incorporating exosomes in tissue engineering scaffolds: pave the way toward clinical application

In recent years, the use of endosome-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in regenerative therapies and tissue repair has attracted much attention. However, local or systemic injection of the free state of extracellular vesicles at the site of action is rapidly cleared and lacks …

11.06.2026

A two-stage lateral sinus lift with Alb-PRF gel: enhancing bone regeneration – a case report

Introduction: Maxillary sinus augmentation traditionally uses xenografts, allografts, or autografts. This case report details a novel, entirely autologous technique using albumin-denatured platelet-rich fibrin (Alb-PRF) gel as the sole grafting material in a two-stage lateral sin …

11.06.2026

FDA approves IcotydeTM (Icotrokinra): a novel IL-23 receptor antagonist for plaque psoriasis

11.06.2026

Double, double toil and trouble: a case of combined esophageal and gastrointestinal duplication cysts in infancy and a review of the literature

Introduction and importance: Gastrointestinal duplication cysts are rare congenital anomalies, usually solitary and most often involving the ileum and esophagus. Multiple non-contiguous duplications are exceptionally uncommon and may mimic more frequent neonatal thoracic or abdom …

11.06.2026

Contrast-enhanced mammography in low- and middle-income countries: opportunities and challenges

11.06.2026

Efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban plus aspirin compared with aspirin alone in patients with peripheral arterial disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a prevalent atherosclerotic disorder associated with significant cardiovascular morbidity. Although aspirin remains the cornerstone of therapy, residual thrombotic risk persists. The addition of rivaroxaban, a factor Xa inhibitor, ma …

11.06.2026

Zoledronic acid in the treatment of severe scoliosis associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1): a case report

Introduction and importance: We report the first case of perioperative zoledronic acid administration in an adolescent with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) complicated by severe scoliosis. This case provides a hypothesis-generating experience for bone turnover screening and bispho …

11.06.2026

Atypical presentation of Ogilvie syndrome in an ambulatory HIV-positive adult with concurrent nutcracker anatomy: a case report

Introduction and importance: Ogilvie syndrome (OS) is characterized by marked colonic dilation without mechanical obstruction, typically seen in hospitalized patients. Its occurrence in ambulatory individuals without classic risk factors is uncommon and may create diagnostic unce …

10.06.2026

Acute quadriparesis revealing Gitelman syndrome: a case report

Introduction and importance: Gitelman syndrome (GS) is a rare autosomal recessive renal tubulopathy caused by SLC12A3 gene mutations, leading to hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, hypomagnesemia, and hypocalciuria. Its estimated prevalence ranges from 1 to 10 per 40 000 individual …

10.06.2026

Efficacy and safety of optical coherence tomography-guided versus angiography-guided percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background The optimal imaging guidance for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in complex coronary lesions remains a matter of debate. This meta-analysis compares the efficacy and safety of optical coherence tomography (OCT)-guided PCI versus angiography-guided PCI. Methods …

09.06.2026

Emergency department initiation of guideline-directed cardiovascular pharmacotherapy: an under-recognized opportunity

09.06.2026

Oral immunotherapy for peanut allergy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background and objectives: Food allergy, particularly peanut allergy, is a significant and growing health concern, especially in high-income countries. Affecting 2% of children and 1% of adults, peanut allergy is a chronic condition that severely impacts quality of life. The stan …

09.06.2026

Comparative safety of JAK inhibitors versus TNF inhibitors in psoriatic arthritis: a real-world propensity score-matched cohort study

Background: Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) and tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) demonstrate therapeutic efficacy in psoriatic arthritis (PsA), yet comparative real-world safety data remain limited. This study quantified adverse outcome risks between JAKi and TNFi in PsA pa …

09.06.2026 · 1 Zitationen

BCGitis or genitourinary tuberculosis? Diagnostic dilemma following intravesical Bacillus Calmette–Guérin therapy: a case report

Introduction and importance: Intravesical Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (iBCG) therapy is a cornerstone in the management of non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Although generally safe, it can rarely lead to granulomatous inflammatory complications that closely mimic recurrent maligna …

09.06.2026

Placental exosomes in preeclampsia: unresolved questions in functional signaling and clinical translation

Preeclampsia is a hypertension condition unique to pregnancy that has a substantial global impact on maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality and is characterized by new-onset hypertension and proteinuria. The condition is caused by unusual placentation, leading to placental hy …

09.06.2026

FDA approval of mitomycin hydrogel (Zusduri): a new non-surgical era for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC)

Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) continues to present substantial management challenges, largely due to its high likelihood of recurrence and the routine need for repeated surgical procedures. Standard approaches, including transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURB …

09.06.2026

“Immune senescence and dormant tumor cells: reconceptualizing breast cancer recurrence as an affliction of aging and chronic inflammation”

One of the most significant clinical challenges in breast cancer is late recurrence, especially in estrogen receptor-positive disease. The biochemical causes of long-term dormancy are still not fully understood, and conventional surveillance frequently lacks sufficient sensitivit …

09.06.2026

Blockchain for cross-border pandemic surveillance: solving the “Data Silo” problem in global health security

09.06.2026

Magnitude and associated factors of elective surgical case cancellation in Woldia Comprehensive Specialized Hospital hybrid retrospective and prospective cross-sectional study, Amhara, Ethiopia, 2025

Background: Elective surgical case cancellation is a pervasive global challenge, with rates ranging from 0.37 to 40% in developed nations and reaching up to 73% in low- and middle-income countries. In Ethiopia, while descriptive studies indicate high cancellation rates, there is …

09.06.2026

Early recognition of delirium in hospitalized patients: an underutilized clinical priority

09.06.2026

Trends of blood pressure in the first 12 months post-kidney transplantation: blood pressure trends in kidney transplant patients

Introduction: Kidney transplantation (KT) favorably affects cardiovascular risk factors including blood pressure (BP). This study aims to assess the effects of KT on both systolic and diastolic BP levels, as well as the quantity of BP medications required during the first-year po …

09.06.2026

CRISPR-based epigenetic modulation of endothelial dysfunction in sepsis-induced ARDS: a precision medicine framework

09.06.2026

High-grade, poorly differentiated breast carcinoma mimicking primary breast lymphoma: a case report of a diagnostic dilemma

Background: High-grade breast carcinomas can occasionally exhibit morphological and immunophenotypic features resembling hematolymphoid neoplasms, leading to diagnostic confusion. Accurate diagnosis is essential to guide appropriate therapy. Case presentation: We report a 35-year …

09.06.2026

Augmented reality-enhanced 3D navigation system for managing isolated Onodi sinusitis: advantages and insights

Introduction and importance: The Onodi cell is a pneumatized posterior ethmoidal cell situated lateral and superior to the sphenoid sinus. It lies in close proximity to the posterior ethmoidal artery and the optic nerve. Isolated Onodi sinusitis is a rare condition but carries a …

09.06.2026

Gene silencing versus protein stabilization in transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy: contextualizing the HELIOS-B results and the road to precision agent selection

Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) now has three approved disease-modifying agents: tafamidis, acoramidis, and vutrisiran, representing two mechanistically distinct classes: TTR tetramer stabilizers and RNA interference (RNAi) gene silencers. The phase 3 HELIOS-B tria …

09.06.2026

Mental health disorders and the treatment gap: a neglected public health challenge

09.06.2026

Factors associated with incomplete surgical excision of non-melanoma skin cancers: a single-center retrospective cross-sectional study

Background: Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs), including basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), are among the most common malignancies worldwide. Complete surgical excision is crucial for minimizing recurrence and improving outcomes. However, challenges rem …

09.06.2026

Efficacy and safety of indobufen- versus aspirin-based dual antiplatelet therapy following percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Indobufen is a potential alternative to aspirin in dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) regimens after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) due to its superior safety profile and comparable efficacy. This systematic review and meta-analysis compares the efficacy and s …

08.06.2026

Uni-portal non-coaxial spinal endoscopic surgery via crossing midline approach for cervical radiculopathy: a case series of four patients

Introduction: Cervical radiculopathy typically presents with pain, numbness, and weakness in the affected nerve root distribution. When caused by bony foraminal stenosis, conventional posterior keyhole foraminotomy often necessitates extensive facetectomy, risking spinal instabil …

08.06.2026

Closing the global surgical divide: histotripsy, a pathway to universal access?

Five billion people, more than half of humanity, lack access to safe, affordable surgical care. While conventional surgical infrastructure requires decades and trillions of dollars to replicate in low-resource settings, emerging non-incisional technologies offer an alternative pa …

05.06.2026

Measles outbreaks in Nepal: sustaining rapid response through equity-focused immunization and surveillance

Recent measles outbreaks in Nepal’s Sarlahi and Baglung districts show persistent subnational immunity gaps despite national progress toward measles elimination. This letter supports Nepal’s rapid and coordinated outbreak response, particularly in Sarlahi, where early clinical su …

05.06.2026

Occurrence of drug resistance, associated risk factors, and expression of cytokine IL-33 in human TB patients

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( M. tuberculosis ). There are different forms of TB, and pleural TB is crucial regarding patient care and outcomes. The present study evidenced drug resistance in human pleural TB patients …

04.06.2026

Garadacimab and the future of hereditary angioedema prophylaxis: a step upstream in the bradykinin pathway

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by recurrent, potentially life-threatening episodes of bradykinin-mediated angioedema affecting the skin, gastrointestinal tract, and upper airway. Despite the availability of several prophylactic the …

03.06.2026

Colonic diverticular disease: a bibliometric and visual analysis of the top 50 cited publications

Colonic diverticular disease (CDD) is a prevalent gastrointestinal condition with evolving patterns in diagnosis, management, and research focus. However, no prior study has systematically mapped the academic literature shaping the field. This bibliometric and visual analysis aim …

03.06.2026

Accelerating Nipah virus vaccine development to prevent future global outbreaks

03.06.2026

Esketamine-propofol combination for colonoscopy sedation: addressing the limitations of propofol monotherapy

03.06.2026

Daraxonrasib in metastatic pancreatic cancer (RASolute 302): survival breakthrough or real-world access barrier?

03.06.2026

Antiphospholipid syndrome-associated myocarditis: role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in differentiation from immune-mediated or viral etiologies

03.06.2026

Addressing workplace practices: combating the rising prevalence of computer vision syndrome

Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is an increasingly prevalent occupational health concern associated with prolonged use of digital devices, affecting millions worldwide. Characterized by symptoms such as eyestrain, dryness, blurred vision, redness, and headaches, CVS significantly …

03.06.2026

Management of neonatal pyonephrosis in a low-resource setting: a case report

Introduction and importance: Pyonephrosis is a urological emergency characterized by the presence of purulent material within an obstructed renal collecting system, often leading to rapid parenchymal destruction and systemic sepsis. While it is well documented in adults and older …

03.06.2026

Effectiveness of vericiguat in heart failure across ejection fraction phenotypes: a comprehensive meta-analytic trial sequential analysis and meta-regression analysis

Background: Heart failure (HF) remains a global health challenge, with distinct phenotypes – heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF ≤40%) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF ≥50%) – requiring tailored therapies. Vericiguat, a soluble guanylate c …

02.06.2026

Effects of ultrasound-guided Iliopsoas Plane Block on postoperative immune function and recovery quality in elderly patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of Iliopsoas Plane Block (IPB) as an adjunct to general anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA), focusing on perioperative risks, postoperative recovery, and long-term outcomes. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 59 …

02.06.2026

Clinical outcomes of bronchodilator use in bronchiolitis: an evidence-based perspective

Bronchiolitis is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection in infants, most commonly associated with respiratory syncytial virus, and contributes significantly to global pediatric morbidity. Despite its high prevalence, management remains largely supportive, as no phar …

02.06.2026

Glans reconstruction utilizing a skin flap in posterior hypospadias with a small glans: a retrospective case study

Introduction: Surgical management of posterior hypospadias remains a challenge for pediatric urologists, even for surgeons with extensive experience. The primary reason for this is the frequent presence of a small glans and severe chordee in posterior hypospadias cases. We conduc …

02.06.2026

Long-term survival and clinical characteristics of colon and rectal cancer: a comprehensive 47-year retrospective analysis using the SEER database

Background: Population screening and therapeutic advances have changed colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and survival over recent decades, yet important differences exist by anatomic subsite, histology, and population subgroup. This study describes long-term trends in incidence a …

02.06.2026

Liver and atherosclerotic risks associated with cryptogenic steatotic liver disease: are the new diagnostic criteria justified?

02.06.2026

Pillar pain after carpal tunnel release: an evidence-based review of pathophysiology, diagnostic strategies, and a structured clinical decision-making framework

Abstract Pillar pain is a frequent, yet often overlooked, complication after carpal tunnel release (CTR). Although usually self-limiting, it can persist and interfere with recovery, hand function, and patient satisfaction. The pain typically localizes to the thenar and hypothenar …

02.06.2026

Efficacy and safety of rupatadine in allergic rhinitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background: Rupatadine, a dual H1-histamine and platelet-activating factor antagonist, has shown promise in allergic rhinitis (AR), but its overall efficacy and safety remain variably reported. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness and tolerabilit …

02.06.2026

Exploring the landscape of artificial intelligence in dental and maxillofacial radiology: a bibliometric analysis of studies and trends

Background: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in dental and maxillofacial radiology is revolutionizing diagnostic accuracy and clinical decision-making. This bibliometric analysis investigates the research landscape, emerging trends, and scholarly impact of AI appli …

01.06.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Beyond EuroSCORE II: is artificial intelligence ready to redefine risk stratification in cardiothoracic surgery?

Risk stratification is central to contemporary cardiothoracic surgical practice, guiding patient selection, perioperative planning, informed consent, and benchmarking of outcomes across institutions. Established models such as European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation …

01.06.2026

Efficacy and safety of remimazolam versus propofol in elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis study was undertaken to compare the efficacy and safety of remimazolam versus propofol for sedation in elderly patients (≥60 years old) undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy. Methods: The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled …

01.06.2026

Determinants of physical violence among women of reproductive age in Rwanda: evidence from the 2019/20 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey (RDHS)

Background: Violence against women remains a critical issue worldwide, with physical violence affecting about 27% of women of reproductive age. In Rwanda, intimate partner physical violence remains high despite various interventions; however, evidence on the socio-demographic, ec …

01.06.2026

Acute mesenteric ischemia following ischemic stroke: a rare sequential embolic event managed with Ethiopia’s first endovascular intervention

Introduction and importance: Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is defined as a sudden interruption of blood flow to a segment of the intestine, leading to ischemia, inflammation, and potential bowel necrosis if untreated. It is a life-threatening vascular emergency, and its occurre …

01.06.2026

Extradigital glomus tumor of the scapular region presenting as chronic scapular pain with ulnar-hand radiation: a case report

Introduction and importance: Glomus tumors are benign perivascular neoplasms that typically arise in the subungual region. Extradigital lesions of the trunk and shoulder girdle are uncommon and may be missed because they are small, and their symptoms can mimic musculoskeletal or …

01.06.2026

Correlation of pulse oximetry with arterial blood gas–derived oxygen saturation in ICU patients on supplemental oxygen: a cross-sectional study

Introduction: Oxygen is essential for maintaining proper bodily functions and is closely regulated within the body. Hypoxemic patients, who have lower than normal oxygen levels in their blood, require precise monitoring to ensure appropriate oxygen therapy. Arterial blood gas (AB …

01.06.2026

Decision-making in emergency colorectal surgery for cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common gastrointestinal (GI) malignancy and the second most common cause of cancer-related death. Emergency presentations constitute about 20% of admissions for CRC. The article discusses the current arguments and evidence that drive decision-m …

01.06.2026

The role of non-coding variants in hereditary cancer syndromes: mechanistic insights and clinical implications

Hereditary cancer syndromes have often been associated with genetic mutations in both coding and non-coding regions of DNA. Much attention has been placed on coding mutations, but less so on non-coding variants, which are changes in gene regulation, transcription factor binding, …

01.06.2026

Motor neuropathy following inhalational exposure to aluminum phosphide: a case report and literature review

Introduction: Aluminum phosphide (AlP) poisoning is a common means of self-harm in South Asia, while accidental inhalational exposure remains underreported despite its severe toxicity. This case reports a unique instance of acute neurotoxicity following inhalational AlP exposure, …

28.05.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Anterior wall MI presenting as inferior wall MI in a young patient: a case report of wraparound LAD

Introduction and importance: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is diagnosed based on clinical presentation and ECG changes that localize the infarct site. Inferior wall myocardial infarction (MI) typically results from right coronary artery (RCA) occlusion, whereas anterior wall …

28.05.2026

Improving adherence to venous thromboembolism prophylaxis guidelines in surgical inpatients: a closed-loop clinical audit in a resource-limited setting

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major cause of preventable morbidity and mortality among hospitalized surgical patients. Although evidence-based guidelines exist, adherence remains suboptimal, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This audit assessed adh …

28.05.2026

Trends and disparities in HIV before and after COVID-19 from 1999 to 2023

Despite advances in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment, disparities in HIV-related mortality persist across demographic groups in the United States. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted healthcare systems and may have influenced established mortality trends. This study evalu …

28.05.2026

Mosquito-borne viruses and male infertility: Zika was just the beginning – the impact of dengue on sperm DNA integrity

Dengue is resurging globally (~14 million cases in 2024). Emerging evidence suggests that dengue infection may transiently impair male fertility. Acute dengue has been associated with reversible declines in sperm count, with potential increases in sperm DNA fragmentation, possibl …

28.05.2026

Laparoscopic management of a ruptured hepatic hydatid cyst with a cystobiliary fistula in an adolescent: a case report

Introduction and importance: Ruptured hepatic hydatid cysts are uncommon but potentially life-threatening, especially in adolescents. Acute rupture may present with severe abdominal pain, peritonitis, or sepsis and requires prompt diagnosis and timely surgical intervention. Lapar …

28.05.2026

Thoracoabdominal aortic replacement in the elderly: a retrospective propensity score-matched outcome analysis

Background and objectives: With the overall aging population, the demand for thoracoabdominal aortic repair in elderly patients will continue to increase. With rising frequency, surgeons and physicians will have to decide whether this highly invasive procedure is appropriate and …

26.05.2026

Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis presented as a migraine headache with normal D-dimer: a case report and literature review

Introduction: Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis (SSST) is a rare type of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST), characterized by blood clot formation in the superior sagittal sinus, leading to increased intracranial pressure. This report highlights a case of SSST presenting at …

26.05.2026

The effect of Indian costus (Saussurea lappa) extract on the healing of chemically induced oral ulcer in rats: in vitro and in vivo study with histological evaluation

Background: Saussurea lappa ( S. lappa ) is a plant known for anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-ulcer properties, yet its potential in oral-ulcer healing remains underexplored. This study evaluates the effects of S. lappa extract on oral ulcers using in vitr …

26.05.2026

The effect of aromatherapy on postoperative nausea and vomiting: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective: To systematically evaluate the effect of aromatherapy on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Methods: Randomized controlled trials on aromatherapy for PONV were identified through searches of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, ClinicalTrials, and S …

25.05.2026

Delayed diagnosis of vascular compression syndrome mimicking chronic gastritis: a case report

Introduction: The superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a rare condition where the third part of the duodenum is compressed between the abdominal aorta and the SMA. It often causes nonspecific upper abdominal symptoms that mimic common problems like gastritis, leading to d …

22.05.2026

Reconsidering the “surgery-first” paradigm in choledocholithiasis: balancing innovation with global applicability

22.05.2026

Second chances or surgical selection? Interpreting parathyroidectomy outcomes after kidney transplantation

21.05.2026

Suprainguinal versus infrainguinal fascia iliaca compartment block for hip surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Effective postoperative analgesia is essential after hip surgery to facilitate early mobilization and reduce opioid consumption. The fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) is commonly used for perioperative analgesia, with both suprainguinal and infrainguinal approach …

21.05.2026

From pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma to non-small cell lung cancer: daraxonrasib in the RASolute 302 trial – a pan-RAS(ON) breakthrough or the next evolution in targeting diverse oncogenic RAS variants?

20.05.2026

Umbilical cord blood-derived natural killer cells: in vitro, in vivo, and clinical antitumor activity in non-small cell lung cancer (case series)

Background: Lung cancer remains a globally burdensome disease with high mortality. While current non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatments – surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immune checkpoint inhibitor–based immunotherapy – have modestly improved outcomes, drug re …

20.05.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Failure of salvage therapies in radiation-induced necrosis of a free fibula flap: a case report

Introduction and importance: Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of a free fibula flap following mandibular reconstruction is a rare but severe complication in head and neck cancer survivors. Despite advances in microvascular reconstruction and radiotherapy protocols, late-onset ORN remains …

20.05.2026

Ten-year management of acute colonic pseudo-obstruction in a single UK center: a retrospective cohort study

Background: Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO) is a rare but clinically significant cause of acute colonic dilatation without mechanical obstruction. Older adults and patients living with frailty are particularly vulnerable to complications, including perforation, sepsis, an …

20.05.2026

Supramaximal resection in gliomas: a narrative review of surgical techniques, clinical outcomes, and ethical considerations

Background: Supramaximal resection (SMR) represents an evolving frontier in glioma surgery, extending tumor removal beyond conventional contrast-enhancing margins on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to include infiltrative, non-contrast-enhancing regions. Rooted in the understand …

20.05.2026

Extended venous thromboembolism prophylaxis after bariatric surgery: the potential role of aspirin

Extended venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis after bariatric surgery remains an unresolved clinical issue. Current guidelines acknowledge the persistence of thrombotic risk beyond hospital discharge but do not define a standardized duration of pharmacological prophylaxis. In …

20.05.2026

Hyperuricemia in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: pathophysiological insights and therapeutic perspectives – a narrative review

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) constitutes a growing burden worldwide, with hyperuricemia emerging as a prominent comorbidity. This review explores the prevalence, pathophysiological mechanisms, and therapeutic implications of hyperuricemia in HFpEF. Epide …

20.05.2026

Advanced bio-implants for breast cancer-related lymphedema: pioneering implantable lymphatic regeneration devices

20.05.2026

Exploring the risk factors for perineal wound infection after laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection

Introduction: Perineal wound infection remains a significant complication following abdominoperineal resection (APR), and its associated clinical and financial burden necessitates continued evaluation of modifiable risk factors. This study evaluated surgical and patient-related p …

19.05.2026

Ekterly (sebetralstat) for hereditary angioedema: the first FDA-approved oral on-demand therapy

15.05.2026

Gene therapy for leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I: FDA approval, clinical evidence, and future perspectives

15.05.2026

Short versus long myotomy during peroral endoscopic myotomy for achalasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is an established treatment modality for achalasia. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the clinically relevant outcomes of short and long myotomy during POEM for achalasia. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Central, and ScienceDirect were sy …

15.05.2026

Viewpoint: are surgeon-scientists still worth the investment?

Surgeon-scientists bridge the gap between clinical care and medical discovery. Despite mounting economic and institutional pressures, their contributions can enhance patient outcomes, foster innovation, drive policy, and encourage philanthropy. This perspective highlights 10 endu …

15.05.2026

Brensocatib in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: targeting neutrophil-driven inflammation through DPP-1 inhibition

15.05.2026

Route-specific adverse effects of ondansetron: an overlooked concern in Asian clinical practice

15.05.2026

Pseudologia fantastica: a systematic review of sociodemographic features and psychiatric comorbidities

Background: Pseudologia fantastica (PF), or pathological lying, involves elaborate fabrications without clear external gain. Despite its clinical significance, PF lacks recognition in the DSM-5, posing diagnostic and legal challenges. Materials and methods: A systematic search of …

15.05.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Dietary fatty acid intake and the risk of pancreatic cancer: a dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies

Background: The impact of fatty acids on pancreatic cancer (PC) risk remains contentious, prompting evaluation through current observational evidence. This systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies aim to examine the association between dietary po …

23.04.2026

Comparative analysis of radiation therapy and surgical approaches for resectable cancers: a narrative review

This narrative review compares radiation therapy and surgical approaches for resectable cancers, focusing on their efficacy, safety, and patient outcomes. Surgical resection remains the gold standard for many localized cancers, offering the potential for complete tumor removal an …

25.05.2026

Application of Individualized Intensive Biofeedback Electrical Stimulation Therapy in the Recovery of Anal Function After Anal Reconstruction: A Case Report: Erratum

25.05.2026

Thal Versus Nissen Fundoplication for the Management of Pediatric Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: Erratum

15.05.2026

Rhabdomyolysis presenting as abdominal pain: importance of early creatine kinase testing

15.05.2026

Efficacy and safety of risankizumab in moderate to severe psoriasis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Risankizumab, a selective IL-23 inhibitor, has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. This study aims to systematically assess its efficacy and safety through an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). M …

14.05.2026

Meta-analysis and systematic review: efficacy of probiotics in combination with standard therapies for rotavirus enteritis

Background: Rotavirus enteritis is the main cause of hospitalization and death in patients with diarrhea. There is no specific drug. Vaccine prevention is effective, but the oral route has safety concerns in developing countries. A safe and effective treatment is urgently needed. …

14.05.2026

Subtotal resection and adjuvant radiotherapy for a fourth ventricle rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor in a child: a case report and review of management strategies

Introduction and importance: Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor (RGNT) is a rare World Health Organization grade I tumor of the central nervous system, most commonly found in the fourth ventricle. Preoperative diagnosis is challenging, and optimal management for incompletely rese …

14.05.2026

“A new era in Menkes disease management: the disease-modifying impact of Zycubo (copper histidinate)”

14.05.2026

Beyond the bone flap: integrating biomarkers, imaging, and emerging technologies in the surgical continuum of acute subdural hematoma (ASDH)

Acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) is a life-threatening neurosurgical emergency associated with high mortality and long-term functional disability. Despite advances in surgical techniques, outcomes remain variable, highlighting the need for a more integrated management approach. Tra …

14.05.2026

ML-driven quantum dots: novel HOXB13 imaging for porokeratosis with underlying squamous dysplasia associations

14.05.2026

A rare presentation of a 17-year-old female with primary colon lymphoma, presenting as intussusception: a case report

Introduction and importance: Primary colonic lymphomas are rare malignancies that mainly occur in men in their fifth to seventh decades, accounting for less than 1% of colorectal cancers. Most are B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas, with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) being the …

14.05.2026

Zoliflodacin for uncomplicated gonorrhea: clinical evidence and implications beyond ceftriaxone plus azithromycin

Background: Globally, gonorrhea remains a common sexually transmitted infection that can lead to serious sexual and reproductive health complications if left untreated. Management has become more challenging due to the rapid progression of antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria go …

14.05.2026

Understanding H3N2 subclade K: a public health concern for the 2026 influenza season

14.05.2026

Giant infiltrative myxopapillary ependymoma of filum terminale with sacral erosion: a case report and literature review

Introduction and importance: Myxopapillary ependymoma (MPE) is a rare neuroepithelial tumor predominantly localized to the filum terminale. While traditionally viewed as indolent, its reclassification to World Health Organization (WHO) Grade 2 in 2021 reflects a significant risk …

14.05.2026

IoMT-enabled implant sensors for early detection of neurovascular complications in craniofacial distraction osteogenesis

Craniofacial distraction osteogenesis (DO) is an established surgical technique for correcting complex craniofacial deformities and managing upper airway obstruction. Neurovascular complications, including injury to the inferior alveolar, infraorbital, and facial nerves, are reco …

13.05.2026

Machine learning for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease: toward predictive, personalized neuropathy care

13.05.2026

Preoperative fasting and acute pain after cesarean section: evaluating clinical translation and generalizability of ERAS-aligned evidence

12.05.2026

A paradigm shift in diabetes care: clinical implications of once-weekly insulin icodec

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, which occurs due to problems in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both, and remains a major global health burden. Insulin therapy is central to the management of type 1 diabetes and is frequently requir …

12.05.2026

Artificial intelligence models for survival prediction in colorectal cancer: a systematic review of time-to-event approaches

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with marked heterogeneity in patient survival. Conventional clinicopathologic staging provides limited individualized prognostic information. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine lea …

12.05.2026

Hypertensive kidney disease with concurrent diabetes mellitus: national mortality trends from CDC WONDER 1999–2024

Background: Hypertension and diabetes are among the most prevalent conditions in the world, which can severely affect the kidneys, especially when they occur together. This study analyzes mortality trends among the American population with hypertensive kidney disease (HKD) and di …

12.05.2026

Leptospirosis presenting with fever, jaundice, and generalized lymphadenopathy: a case report with diagnostic challenges

Introduction and Importance: Leptospirosis is a widespread zoonotic infection caused by Leptospira species, often transmitted through contaminated water or soil. Its varied and sometimes atypical clinical presentation can mimic other serious conditions. We present a case from Rus …

11.05.2026

Optimizing arthroplasty outcomes: the impact of artificial intelligence and robotic assistance

Robotic-assisted surgery and artificial intelligence (AI) have revolutionized joint replacement surgeries by delivering superior precision in preoperative planning, real-time surgical navigation, and postoperative assessment capabilities. These advancements improve arthroplasty a …

11.05.2026

Semaglutide-induced lean mass loss: clinical concern or physiological adaptation

11.05.2026 · 2 Zitationen

Comparison of crystalloid preloading and co-loading for the prevention of spinal induced-hypotension in elective cesarean delivery: a prospective cohort study

Background: Maternal hypotension is the most frequent complication of spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery. In this study, we assessed the effect of crystalloid preloading versus co-loading on the incidence of spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension in parturients undergoing ele …

11.05.2026

Comparative efficacy of ceftolozane–tazobactam versus ceftazidime–avibactam for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Infections caused by multidrug-resistant/difficult-to-treat (MDR/DTR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa present a significant challenge for treatment. Ceftolozane–tazobactam (C/T) and ceftazidime–avibactam (C/A) are important options that combine β-lactam and β-lactamase inhibit …

11.05.2026

Comminuted fracture managed by Universal Mini External (UMEX) fixator: a case report of two cases and a narrative literature review

Introduction: Multiple protocols for care and management of closed and open fractures exist, among which the Universal Mini External (UMEX) fixator offers a versatile and cost-effective option for stabilization in complex distal limb fractures. The prognosis of fractures of the d …

08.05.2026

Nacubactam: a review on mechanistic insights and therapeutic promise for combating β-lactam resistance among multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens

The unprecedented rise of antimicrobial resistance has substantially compromised the efficacy of β-lactam antibiotics, once the cornerstone of bacterial infection management, posing a major challenge to modern medicine. β-Lactams exert their antibacterial effect by inhibiting pen …

08.05.2026

National mortality trends associated with the death certificate–reported co-occurrence of malignant neoplasms and bacterial diseases in the United States, 1999–2023: a CDC WONDER retrospective analysis

Background and objectives: Growing evidence suggests that bacterial infectious diseases contribute substantially to morbidity and mortality among individuals with malignant neoplasms. However, data regarding mortality related to the co-occurrence of malignant neoplasms and other …

08.05.2026

AI-programmable therapeutics via metagenomic foundation models for rare phage-mediated autoimmune modulations: early translational risks and benefits

07.05.2026

The emerging link between shingles vaccination and reduced Alzheimer’s risk: a public health signal for viral-dementia pathways

07.05.2026

Evidence-based One Health strategy is essential to eliminate rabies by 2030

Rabies, a viral disease, spreads largely through bites or scratches from infected animals. It is a serious global public health threat. Although preventable, it can be fatal if timely medical support is not extended before symptoms appear. We highlight rabies elimination aligned …

07.05.2026

Rare co-existence of rodent-borne arenavirus patterns and autoimmune-like systemic flares: novel microbiome markers for public health risk stratification

07.05.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Surgical training in the age of climate crises: preparing green future surgeons

The healthcare sector contributes approximately 5% of global greenhouse gas emissions, with operating rooms (ORs) representing one of the most energy-intensive hospital environments. Their carbon footprint is enhanced by high energy consumption, disposable reliance, and variable …

07.05.2026

Very late extragonadal recurrence of testicular seminoma presenting as a bladder mass: a case report

Very late relapse of testicular seminoma is rare and typically occurs at conventional metastatic sites such as the retroperitoneum, mediastinum, or lungs. Extragonadal recurrence involving the urinary bladder is particularly uncommon and may pose diagnostic challenges. We report …

07.05.2026

A rare case of complete agenesis of the left hemidiaphragm in a 17-year-old male: modified surgical reconstruction and literature review

Introduction and importance: Diaphragmatic agenesis (DA) is the most severe and uncommon form of congenital diaphragmatic defects, characterized by the complete or partial absence of the diaphragm. Most affected neonates do not survive respiratory failure secondary to pulmonary h …

07.05.2026

Community power in tobacco cessation: sustainable solutions for low- and middle-income countries

Tobacco use remains a major global public health issue that results in more than 8 million deaths annually, with over 80% occurring in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). South Asian countries bear an unevenly increased burden of tobacco-related cancers and other diseases. …

07.05.2026

Shifting burdens: heart failure and pneumonia mortality patterns in the United States, 1999–2020

Heart failure (HF) and pneumonia are leading causes of mortality in the United States, yet limited research has examined deaths attributable to their co-occurrence. Understanding demographic and geographic disparities in these mortality trends is critical for guiding public healt …

07.05.2026

When zoonosis mimics autoimmunity: arenavirus spillover, gut dysbiosis, and the case for community-level early warning systems

07.05.2026

Commentary on PURPOSE-1 and PURPOSE-2 trials of lenacapavir: a breakthrough in HIV prevention

07.05.2026

From Al-Zahrawi’s Kitab Al-Tasrif to modern oncology: enduring principles of surgical cancer management

Introduction: Cancer has been recognized as a disease since antiquity, with references documented across multiple civilizations. While the most effective advances in diagnosis and treatment have emerged in recent decades, fundamental principles – particularly the role of surgical …

07.05.2026

From recurrent flank pain to systemic oxalosis: a case of primary hyperoxaluria type 1 requiring dual organ transplantation

Introduction and importance: Primary hyperoxalurias (PH) are rare autosomal recessive inherited disorders that disrupt the metabolism of glyoxylate and oxalate. The most common type, primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1), is caused by a deficiency in the liver enzyme alanine-glyoxyl …

07.05.2026

Surgical Whiplash

Surgical training is defined by an uncompromising pursuit of excellence, forged through discipline, endurance, and mentorship. However, the boundary between formative rigor and destructive pressure remains ethically and pedagogically fraught. Using Damien Chazelle’s film Whiplash …

07.05.2026

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome as a rare presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report

Introduction and importance: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a rare clinical-radiological entity characterized by the rapid onset of neurological symptoms accompanied by typical radiological signs of vasogenic edema predominantly in the posterior brain regi …

07.05.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Disulfidptosis: The metabolic Achilles’ heel of SLC7A11-high tumors and why oncology has missed it

SLC7A11 overexpression is one of the most consistent features of treatment-resistant solid tumors, yet its metabolic liabilities remain therapeutically unexploited. Tumors that upregulate SLC7A11 import large quantities of cystine to fuel glutathione synthesis and resist ferropto …

07.05.2026

Efficacy and safety of once-weekly insulin efsitora alfa versus daily basal insulin analogs in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) often progresses to require basal insulin therapy. Despite the efficacy of once-daily basal insulins such as glargine and degludec, daily injections remain a barrier to adherence. Insulin efsitora alfa, a novel once-weekly fragment crys …

06.05.2026

Concurrent anti-GBM disease and p-ANCA vasculitis presenting as pulmonary–renal syndrome in a patient with chronic kidney disease: a case report

Introduction and importance: The coexistence of anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis represents a rare autoimmune overlap syndrome that poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. T …

06.05.2026

Letter to the Editor: “Respiratory complications following minimally invasive esophagectomy: associated factors and predictive value of lung age”

06.05.2026

Extradural spinal neurocysticercosis mimicking epidural abscess: a case report

Introduction: Neurocysticercosis is an infection of the central nervous system (CNS) caused by the larvae of the tapeworm Taenia solium . Spinal neurocysticercosis is a very uncommon form of neurocysticercosis, among which intradural extramedullary is the most common, intramedull …

06.05.2026

Cytomegalovirus-induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis revealing systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report

Introduction and Importance: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare, life-threatening hyperinflammatory syndrome caused by excessive immune activation. Secondary HLH may arise from infection, malignancy, or autoimmune disease. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation and sy …

06.05.2026

The forgotten lobe in focus: a rare case of isolated pyramidal lobe papillary thyroid carcinoma

Introduction and importance: Isolated papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) arising from the pyramidal lobe (PL) is an uncommon entity that may clinically present as a midline neck swelling, often mimicking a thyroglossal duct cyst and thyroglossal duct cyst carcinoma. Case presentat …

06.05.2026

Spiking neural networks for real-time mapping of EBV-infected B cells in neuroinflammatory lesions

06.05.2026

Primary leiomyosarcoma of the axilla in a 70-year-old female: a case report of multidisciplinary management from a resource-limited setting

Introduction and importance: Soft tissue sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms of mesenchymal origin. Sarcomas constitute a rare subgroup that usually affects younger age groups. Case presentation: We report the case of a 70-year-old female who presented with a right ax …

06.05.2026

Neurotechnology-enabled closed-loop optogenetics for modulating autoimmune glial responses in experimental ADEM

06.05.2026

Assessment of hydrosodic balance by impedancemetry in intensive care: a monocentric prospective study, the EBaHIR study

Background: Fluid overload (FO) is frequent in critically ill patients and is linked to adverse outcomes. Conventional assessment methods – clinical signs, body weight variation, and cumulative fluid balance (cumFB) – have limitations during prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) st …

06.05.2026

Redefining eligibility for same-day discharge after mastectomy: safety, feasibility, and clinical insights

01.05.2026

The quiet cost of gender bias in the operating room

Surgical specialties continue to be dominated by men, even though women make up more than 50% of medical school graduates. Female surgeons’ self-esteem, career paths, and well-being are destroyed by overt discrimination and microaggressions, which also have an impact on team dyna …

01.05.2026

Epstein–Barr virus and oral health: epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical aspects, and diagnostic insights: a narrative review

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), a widespread human herpesvirus, establishes lifelong latency and is linked to a range of systemic and oral diseases. Although primarily associated with infectious mononucleosis and lymphoproliferative disorders, its oral health implications are often ove …

01.05.2026

Coronary pericytes as mediators of brain–gut–heart signaling: expanding the cardioprotective paradigm of GLP-1

01.05.2026

Letter to Editor “Comments on self-medication with conventional and herbal medicines in pregnancy: prevalence and factors in Northwest Ethiopia”

01.05.2026

Pediatric hypertension screening: a disparity between guidelines and practice

01.05.2026

Neuroprotective effects of glycine against cisplatin-induced cognitive decline in mice

Background: Cisplatin is a common chemotherapeutic agent known to cause impairments often referred to as “chemo-brain.” Preclinical evidence suggests cisplatin induces toxicity via oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Methods: Twenty-five healthy adult male BALB/c mice ( n =5 …

01.05.2026

Intussusception in adults caused by intestinal lipoma: a report of two cases

Introduction and importance: Adult intussusception is a rare and challenging condition to diagnose and treat. Intussusception caused by a small intestinal lipoma is uncommon and is often diagnosed after the intussusception occurs, which makes diagnosis difficult. Case presentatio …

30.04.2026

Diet and environment: unexplored influences on sleep quality in postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS)

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a chronic autonomic disorder characterized by an excessive increase in heart rate upon standing, accompanied by symptoms such as dizziness, fatigue, palpitations, cognitive impairment, and sleep disturbances. Sleep dysfunction i …

30.04.2026

Nanoparticle-delivered immunomodulators targeting blood–brain barrier disruption in fulminant adult-onset ADEM

30.04.2026

Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoepithelioma-like intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with concurrent hepatitis B virus infection: case report and literature review

Background: Lymphoepithelioma-like intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (LEL-ICC) is a rare variant of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with distinct clinicopathological and prognostic characteristics. Preoperative diagnosis is notoriously challenging due to nonspecific clinical and im …

30.04.2026

AI-driven breathomics for early detection of CFTR modulator resistance in cystic fibrosis

30.04.2026

Primary osteogenic sarcoma of the sternum with intravascular invasion and rapid progression: a rare case report

Introduction and importance: Primary osteosarcoma of the sternum is a rare malignant bone tumor. Only a few cases have been documented, and most have been managed with chemotherapy and surgical intervention. Our case is distinctive due to the vascular invasion of the left brachio …

29.04.2026

Gallbladder agenesis: a systematic review of presentation, management, and outcomes

Introduction: Gallbladder agenesis (GA) is often misdiagnosed as a gallbladder pathology. This systematic review aimed to summarize the current evidence on epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies. Methods: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and …

29.04.2026

Dengue-like presentation of acute viral hepatitis in an adolescent receiving antitubercular therapy: a case report

Introduction and importance: Severe drug-induced liver injury, dengue, and viral hepatitis are important causes of acute liver dysfunction, but their co-occurrence in young patients is extremely uncommon and can create diagnostic challenges. Case presentation: We report a 15-year …

29.04.2026

Clinical outcomes and management of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis: a case series

Background: Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (IRF) is a rare fibro-inflammatory disorder that often leads to ureteral obstruction and renal impairment. This case series evaluated clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, management strategies, and outcomes in nine patients …

29.04.2026

Anti-Jka-mediated delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction mimicking warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia in a multiparous woman: a case report

Background: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction (DHTR) are distinct but occasionally overlapping immune-mediated hemolytic disorders. Kidd (Jka) alloantibodies are a frequent cause of DHTR, yet their transient nature often makes them diff …

29.04.2026

The influence of unhealthy lifestyle on semen quality: results from a cross-sectional study and Mendelian randomization analysis

Background and aims: Unhealthy lifestyle may influence semen quality. This research aimed to investigate the association of unhealthy lifestyle with the risk of low semen quality and further to examine the causal relationship by Mendelian randomization (MR) method. Methods: The a …

29.04.2026

Evaluating the effects of sacubitril/valsartan with ST-elevated myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) continues to be a leading cause of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality worldwide, posing an ongoing clinical and public health burden. Although angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) remain integral …

29.04.2026

A review of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) in Africa

Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) consist of a wide range of malformations. During fetal development, these changes result in defects in the morphology and function of the kidneys and/or urinary tract and represent 23% of all congenital disabilities. Th …

29.04.2026

Methodological considerations in interpreting virtual reality-assisted analgesia during nasal procedures – a letter to the editor

A recent randomized-controlled trial by Alotaibi et al investigated the use of virtual reality (VR) for pain and anxiety management during nasal procedures, reporting positive findings that warrant critical methodological examination. While the study’s randomized design strengthe …

29.04.2026

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis complicating sepsis and abdominal compartment syndrome

Introduction and Importance: Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare chronic kidney infection characterized by tissue destruction and lipid-laden macrophage infiltration. While sepsis is a known complication, abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is extremely uncommon. …

28.04.2026

CRISPR-Cas9 off-target effects in urothelial gene therapy: the overlooked risk of P53 mutational signatures in bladder tissue

28.04.2026

GLP-1 receptor agonists and functional gastrointestinal obstruction: mechanistic rationale, emerging evidence, and clinical implications

28.04.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Midline sequestrectomy for far lateral lumbar disc herniation: a case series and technique description

Background: Far lateral lumbar disc herniation (FLLDH) accounts for a small proportion of lumbar disc pathologies and often requires surgical intervention when conservative management fails. Although minimally invasive tubular approaches are widely adopted, access to advanced mic …

28.04.2026

A systematic review and meta-analysis on prevalence and risk factors for diabetic foot ulcers in Nepal

Background: This study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) among Nepalese diabetic population and assess geographical variations and to identify the associated risk factors. Methods: We included hospital- and community-based studies reporting DF …

28.04.2026

Association between the oral microbiota and hyperlipidemia: evidence from a national cross-sectional study

Background: Oral and gut microbiota interact in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases. However, the associations between the oral microbiome and host lipid metabolism remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the relationship between metabolic syndrome and the oral microbiome. …

28.04.2026

Ferroptosis at the crossroads of epilepsy and neurodegeneration

Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation, has emerged as a potential contributor to neuronal injury across neurological disorders. Increasing evidence suggests that ferroptotic mechanisms may participate in the pathophysiolog …

28.04.2026

Artificial intelligence in lung cancer: a bibliometric analysis of emerging trends and research hotspots

Background: Lung cancer remains the most common cause of global cancer-related deaths. With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine, this study aims to review publications on AI applications in lung cancer and identify key research trends and hotspots. M …

28.04.2026

W2 Technique for the placement of zygomatic implants and the new guidelines for optimal implant surgical approach: a technical note

There are several published scientific articles warning about the risks and complications of penetration of zygomatic implants into the orbital cavity, some of which lead to irreversible consequences. Digital dentistry is a reality, with positive impact on the manufacture of surg …

28.04.2026

Anti-inflammatory and antioxidative stress effects of Sclerocarya birrea (Anacardiaceae) trunk bark aqueous extract on acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats

Background: Sclerocarya birrea is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of many diseases, including gastritis, diarrhea, dysentery, and hemorrhoids. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Sclerocarya birrea aqueous extract on acetic acid-induced ulce …

28.04.2026

Perioperative camrelizumab plus rivoceranib in resectable hepatocellular carcinoma: translating CARES-009 outcomes into a new therapeutic paradigm

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of malignancy, and recurrence rates are 50–70% even with curative resection, which indicates the necessity to employ an efficient perioperative systemic treatment. Aim: To conclude, regarding the mechanis …

28.04.2026

Trends in atrial fibrillation and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-related mortality in the United States from 1999 to 2020: a CDC WONDER analysis

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rising rapidly in the United States and is linked to atrial fibrillation (AF). Together, these conditions amplify cardiovascular risk, yet national mortality trends in AF with NAFLD remain underexplored. This study aimed to evaluate tr …

27.04.2026

Twisted epidural catheter mimicking epidural hematoma in a hemophilic patient: a case report

Background: Epidural anesthesia is generally avoided in patients with hemophilia due to the risk of spinal or epidural hematoma. However, with careful factor replacement and perioperative management, neuraxial techniques may be feasible in selected cases. Mechanical complications …

27.04.2026

From microbiome profiling to precision medicine: diagnostic and therapeutic potential in gastrointestinal disorders: current evidence, challenges, and future directions

Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, affecting millions globally (approximately 1.5 billion people with IBS alone), impose a significant healthcare burden and remain challenging to diagnose and manage. Current approaches are often invasive or symptom based, highlighting an urgent nee …

27.04.2026

Relationship between alexithymia and quality of life in intensive care worker: a correlational study

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to establish the prevalence of alexithymia among intensive care unit doctors and nurses, as well as to investigate the relationship between alexithymia and quality of life. It also looks at how demographic variables, including age, gender, …

27.04.2026

Urban fires as public health emergencies: lessons from the Gul Plaza disaster in Karachi

27.04.2026

Statistical invisibility and surgical harm: gossypiboma and the hidden safety crisis for women in Pakistan

27.04.2026

Early recognition and successful management of dermatomyositis-systemic lupus erythematosus overlap syndrome: case study of a young adult

Introduction and importance: An overlap syndrome is a condition when there is coexistence of two or more autoimmune connective tissue disease, which is very rare and diagnostically challenging. Dermatomyositis is an autoimmune condition that presents with skin manifestations, pro …

27.04.2026

FDA approval of copper histidinate (Zycubo) for Menkes disease: a therapeutic breakthrough in a rare pediatric neurodegenerative disorder

Menkes disease (MD) is a rare X-linked recessive disorder caused by mutations in the ATP7A gene, leading to impaired copper transport and deficiency of essential copper-dependent enzymes. The disease is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration, refractory seizures, hypotoni …

27.04.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Twenty-six-year trends in U.S. mortality among older adults with coexisting chronic kidney disease and atrial fibrillation/flutter

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF/AFL) frequently coexist in older adults, sharing common risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and coronary artery disease. However, long-term national mortality trends among patients with concurre …

27.04.2026

Cardiac fibrosis following radiation-induced aortitis: an emerging clinicopathologic overlap