Anatomical Sciences Education

16.09.2026

The hows and whys—A new teaching model for anatomy learning supported by customized 3D printed models

Abstract The advent of three‐dimensional (3D) printing technology has enabled educators to design customized 3D printed models (3DPMs), but the current literature shows conflicting evidence regarding the impact of 3DPMs on students' knowledge acquisition. Moreover, the methodolog …

16.09.2026

Undergraduate health professional students’ perceptions of neuroanatomy: A cross‐sectional study

Abstract Neuroanatomy is a foundational component of undergraduate education for health professionals, including students in physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and speech‐language pathology. Negative perceptions of neuroanatomy and the phenomenon of neurophobia have been report …

16.09.2026

Bones, sweat, and tears: Creating comics to explore student experiences in dissection

Abstract Human dissection is an impactful and formative experience in medical training, during which students experience a variety of emotions. Recently, there has been growing interest in providing opportunities through the humanities to reflect on dissection. The field of “grap …

16.09.2026

Using Q‐methodology to evaluate digital 3D tools in anatomy education

Abstract The use of three‐dimensional (3D) models as anatomical teaching tools has grown in popularity. While these models enhance engagement and knowledge acquisition, best practices for their implementation remain uncertain. This exploratory study uses Q‐methodology to identify …

16.09.2026

Acceptance of evolution theory and understanding of human evolution among health sciences students in France: A national cross‐sectional study

Abstract Evolutionary theory provides a fundamental framework for understanding human anatomy and health. However, evolution acceptance and conceptual understanding are distinct constructs that may not co‐vary. This study aimed to assess (1) evolution acceptance and (2) knowledge …

16.09.2026

Dissecting the dissection laboratory: Elements for designing a human anatomy laboratory

Abstract The human anatomy dissection laboratory is a critical component of anatomical and medical education. Development, maintenance, and stocking of these laboratory spaces have unique demands, with all of the challenges in running a laboratory with Biosafety Laboratory Level …

16.09.2026

Response to: "Clarifying the position of Iran in global anatomy education: Historical development, curriculum integration, and professional practice"

16.09.2026

Investigating the changes in skin color representation within US medical textbook imagery

Abstract Medical education traditionally relies on textbooks with limited representation of dark skin tones, contributing to “visual racism.” This study sought to answer: “To what extent has skin‐of‐color representation changed in widely used U.S. medical textbooks over twenty ye …

03.09.2026

The legacy of Gunther von Hagens: Reflections on an anatomist and innovator who challenged the ethical boundaries of anatomy

Abstract Gunther von Hagens, who died on July 24, 2026, was a controversial figure whose influence on anatomy extends well beyond the Body Worlds exhibitions of plastinated human tissues for which he became internationally known. His work raised the public profile of anatomy, tho …

02.09.2026

Training the morphological mindset: An educational framework for teaching morphological reasoning in the laboratory

Abstract In contemporary anatomy and histology education, students increasingly gain access to large image repositories and advanced imaging technologies, yet explicit instruction in morphological reasoning often remains implicit. As a result, learners may become proficient at re …

27.08.2026

Seeing ourselves in anatomy: Embedding equity, diversity, and inclusivity to transform learning in a UK BSc curriculum

Abstract Embedding intersectional equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) in anatomy education is essential to reflect the growing diversity of student populations, support all learners, and prepare graduates for a more inclusive, socially responsive global workforce. Anatomical t …

27.08.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Clarifying the position of Iran in global anatomy education: Historical development, curriculum integration, and professional practice

25.08.2026

Integrating plastinate‐derived three‐dimensional scans into computer‐based anatomy practical examinations

Abstract Anatomy instruction increasingly incorporates three‐dimensional (3D) digital resources; however, the assessment of practical anatomy knowledge often relies on two‐dimensional (2D) images. This misalignment may limit the authenticity of computer‐based anatomy practical ex …

25.08.2026

Postmortem privacy, donor respect, and the limits of legal interpretation

25.08.2026

Analysis of anatomy questions in China's National Medical Licensing Examination (2010–2023): Content distribution characteristics and cognitive level evolution trends

Abstract This study examines the evolving distribution and emphasis of anatomy questions within China's National Medical Licensing Examination (NMLE) for Clinical Practitioners from 2010 to 2023, offering evidence‐based insights to refine instructional approaches and enhance lear …

25.08.2026

Neuroanatomy lab creation based on principal coordinate analyses of student confidence

Abstract Medical students often demonstrate low confidence in topics related to neuroanatomy. This study examined this phenomenon by analyzing the effect of either dissection‐based or model‐based laboratory experiences on the qualitative levels of student confidence self‐reported …

25.08.2026

Pedagogical introductions to sex and gender diversity in anatomy: Exploring student perspectives

Abstract Anatomical education has historically relied on binary terminology, reinforcing the conflation of sex, gender, and gender identity through long‐standing social and linguistic norms. To better include gender and sex diverse students and to respect the delineations between …

25.08.2026

Painting or tattooing? A comparative study of body painting and temporary tattoos for learning surface anatomy in an intensive undergraduate anatomy course

Abstract Body painting (BP) is a well‐established active learning strategy in anatomy education that promotes engagement and spatial understanding of surface anatomy. However, it is time‐intensive and may disadvantage students with limited artistic confidence. Temporary tattoos ( …

20.08.2026

Integrating collaborative virtual reality into medical neuroanatomy selectively enhances short‐term spatial understanding of brain structure

Abstract Learning neuroanatomy presents a major challenge for medical students due to the brain's high spatial complexity and the limitations of traditional two‐dimensional instruction methods. Virtual reality (VR) provides immersive three‐dimensional visualization which may enha …

20.08.2026

A man of his time: Joseph Leidy, racial science, and American anatomy

Abstract Professor Joseph Leidy M.D. was arguably the most influential anatomist in the nineteenth‐century United States, having written over 500 publications and serving as the first President of the Association of American Anatomists. While many of Leidy's diverse contributions …

20.08.2026

Formative assessment benefits summative assessment performance in neuroanatomy regardless of prior academic performance: A retrospective study

Abstract Through retrospective analysis, the relationship between formative assessment (FA) and summative assessment (SA) scores in neuroanatomy for doctor of physical therapy (DPT) students ( n = 121) was investigated. The study examined if previous academic difficulty impacted …

20.08.2026

A survey investigation of the imaging practices of human body donors in gross anatomy laboratories

Abstract The imaging of human body donors, as photographs and videos, is increasing in need as digital access of educational materials increases. In the past several years, several professional societies have published guidelines and recommendations for imaging human body donors …

16.08.2026

Generative AI and the erosion of human dignity

13.08.2026

Designing and evaluating a neuroanatomy learning experience using multiple external representations

Abstract Neuroanatomy is challenging, requiring multiple external representations (MER) for comprehension. While studies have examined individual representations of neuroanatomy, a gap remains in understanding how students link across MER, especially between technology‐generated …

13.08.2026

Application of 3D ‐Slicer combined with 3D printing technology in training neurosurgery resident physicians' imaging spatial cognition and clinical reasoning: A self‐controlled before‐ and after‐study

Abstract Neurosurgical residency training requires advanced spatial cognition and 3D anatomical understanding, which traditional methods often fail to adequately develop. This study evaluated a novel educational model integrating 3D Slicer and 3D printing technology to enhance im …

13.08.2026

Re‐humanizing anatomy? Learning through human body donors in physiotherapy education

Abstract Anatomical knowledge underpins clinical skills and professional identity in physiotherapy. However, dedicated teaching has declined in recent years. Body donor‐based learning, though common in medical education, is rarely used in physiotherapy. Its integration may enhanc …

10.08.2026

Considering user experience and cognitive load in the design and development of a virtual reality application for embodied anatomy learning

Abstract Virtual reality (VR) offers new possibilities for anatomy education through immersive and embodied interaction. Early‐stage evaluation of VR tools is necessary to assess user experience and perceived cognitive load and to guide iterative development. This pilot study aim …

10.08.2026

The dead still teach the living: Body donor dissection in the digital age of anatomy education

Abstract Donor‐based dissection has become increasingly contested in modern medical curricula as digital anatomy platforms, simulation technologies, virtual dissection tables, three‐dimensional reconstructions, and artificial intelligence‐supported learning have expanded. Reduced …

03.08.2026

MAPPing out the future: Modified autopsy prosection protocol for gross anatomy in medical education

Abstract Contact hour reduction and elimination of dissection in gross anatomy in the increasingly systems‐based curricula have reshaped medical education in the United States. While prosection‐based anatomical instruction enhances efficiency, regional dissection protocols may no …

03.08.2026

The life and legacy of Dr. Carlton G. Smith

Abstract Carlton George Smith, M.Sc., M.D., Ph.D., R.C.N.V.R. (1905–2003) was a Canadian anatomist and professor at the University of Toronto. He was highly regarded as an outstanding teacher, cutting‐edge neuroscience researcher, and accomplished author. Dr. Smith became a membe …

03.08.2026

Expert‐validated criteria for evaluating 2D anatomical images: Results of a Delphi consensus study

Abstract Currently, there are no consensus standards for the selection of two‐dimensional (2D) anatomical images that form the basis of anatomy education. The absence of standardized evaluation criteria may contribute to variability in image quality and inconsistencies in the edu …

31.07.2026

From development to dissection: A coaching‐focused workshop for anatomy educators from the viewpoint of the coaches

Abstract The use of different coaching models can provide an effective environment for skill learning. The Anatomical Donor Stewardship (ADS) Coaching subcommittee, within the Human Anatomy and Physiology Society (HAPS), developed and held an inaugural Coaching workshop for human …

31.07.2026

A survey on the teaching of introductory nervous system content in undergraduate courses

Abstract Teaching introductory or foundation level concepts about anatomy and physiology of the nervous system to undergraduate students presents a conundrum for educators—how to provide students with sufficient knowledge for a successful learning experience and outcome without o …

26.07.2026

Navigating AI with pedagogical purpose: Toward an anatomy‐centered framework for AI ‐enhanced learning

Abstract Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in medical education, enabling customized, feedback‐rich, and immersive learning experiences. Anatomy education, as a discipline that is simultaneously visual, spatial, and clinically foundational, occupi …

26.07.2026

Citossina: A web‐based application integrating virtual and augmented realities for inclusive Cell Biology education

Abstract Cell Biology is widely recognized as a challenging subject for undergraduate students due to the difficulty in conceptualizing microscopic structures and processes, along with the large number of complex concepts it covers. These difficulties are common among students wi …

19.07.2026

Student‐identified barriers to histology learning and the perceived value of coloring as a multimodal educational strategy

Abstract Histology is a visually complex and cognitively demanding subject often perceived as abstract, memorization‐heavy, and disconnected from clinical practice. Despite its foundational importance, histology is frequently under‐emphasized relative to gross anatomy and lacks i …

16.07.2026 · 2 Zitationen

Clinical neuroanatomy teaching at Peking University Health Science Center: Evolution, current practice, and future direction

Abstract Neuroanatomy has been considered one of the most challenging subjects in medical education, often leading to “neurophobia” and discouraging students from pursuing neurological specialties. At PKUHSC, the curriculum has evolved from a traditional, discipline‐based model t …

16.07.2026

The gift remembered: The Human Anatomy and Physiology Society ( HAPS ) Anatomical Donor Stewardship's ethical and practical handbook for anatomy donor tributes

Abstract Providing students with a way to honor human body donors during or after an anatomy course has been shown to help provide a sense of closure and comfort to students and, when present, donor families. Gestures of gratitude for donors can also emphasize humanistic values o …

14.07.2026

Emotional responses of veterinary students to first encounters with animal body donors

Abstract Students' first encounters with animal body donors in higher education are a formative and also potentially stressful experience. The complex emotions elicited by body donor use in learning and their effects on professional development have been documented in medical stu …

14.07.2026

Histories in bone: Navigating the ethical landscape of human skeletal collections in South Africa

Abstract Provenance is at the center of addressing the complicated ethical stewardship of legacy human skeletal collections. Many South African (SA) health science institutions have skeletal collections. While the history of the collections and the demographics of the skeletons h …

13.07.2026

Medical students' perspectives on body donation to science within the Italian context

Abstract Body donation is essential for medical education and research, supporting anatomical training and clinical competence. In Italy, national data on awareness of the legislation regulating body donation and factors shaping donation‐related decisions among healthcare trainee …

13.07.2026

Ritualized reflection in human dissection: Liminality, ethical negotiation, and professional identity formation among South Korean medical students

Abstract Human dissection is a foundational component of medical education, yet it places students in profound ethical tension between scientific objectification and respect for human dignity. While prior studies have documented students' emotional responses, the structural trans …

10.07.2026

Gamified learning meets physiology: Healthcare students' gameful experience with a virtual educational escape room

Abstract Gamified teaching approaches are increasingly used in higher education, making it essential to examine the gameful experience resulting from interaction with educational game elements. This study aimed to evaluate undergraduate health science students' gamified learning …

09.07.2026

Replacing “cadaver” with “body donor”: A language of gratitude and honor for our first teacher in medical education

Abstract Dissection of the human body lies at the very heart of anatomy education. For decades, it has remained the cornerstone of teaching and learning in this discipline. During dissection, anatomists frequently encounter structural variations, and when these are of significant …

09.07.2026

The happiness question: A study of the subjective well‐being of medical students during clinical clerkship anatomy sessions

Abstract Medical student well‐being is an important consideration, given the levels of distress reported during training. There are a variety of studies that explore medical students' well‐being, but few focus on positive indicators. This study aimed to investigate the subjective …

09.07.2026

Body sourcing for anatomical education in the Republic of Serbia

Abstract “Recommendations of Good Practice for the Donation and Study of Human Bodies and Tissues for Anatomical Examination” issued by the IFAA, emphasize body donation with explicit consent as the ethically appropriate method for sourcing human remains. Despite these guidelines …

06.07.2026

Handheld three‐dimensional scanning in medical education: Feasibility of student‐generated donor‐based digital 3D models

Abstract This descriptive feasibility study examined whether medical students could generate anatomically coherent digital three‐dimensional (3D) models from donor dissections using a handheld surface scanner. Two second‐year medical students used an Artec Space Spider scanner to …

06.07.2026

Framing anatomical variation in anatomy textbooks: Language use and its implications

Abstract This study examines how anatomical variation is described linguistically in commonly used anatomy textbooks. We conducted a systematic content analysis of descriptions and terminology across commonly used English‐language human anatomy textbooks using text mining to extr …

02.07.2026

Dissection versus prosection by anatomical region: Evaluating a regional group dissection curriculum in medical education

Abstract Gross anatomy education has undergone significant changes due to evolving curricular demands, leading to reduced hands‐on dissection opportunities in many medical schools. The purpose of this study was to compare the academic performance of medical student dissectors and …

02.07.2026

Student‐authored expressions of gratitude as an alternative approach to ceremonial body donor commemoration: An experience from a New Sri Lankan Medical Faculty

Abstract The sustainability of body donation programs is contingent not only on cultural and religious frameworks that motivate altruistic giving, but also on the institutional practices that honor donors and maintain public trust. In Sri Lanka, Theravada Buddhist principles of d …

01.07.2026 · 2 Zitationen

IFAA Recommendations for good practice for the donation and anatomical study of human remains (revised 2026)

Abstract The study of human anatomy is foundational to education and research in the anatomical and health sciences. In 2012, the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists (IFAA) first published Recommendations to promote ethical practice in the acquisition of human …

30.06.2026

From classroom to clinic: Evaluating the educational utility of two Thiel embalming methods

Abstract Over three decades since its introduction, the Thiel embalming method remains a widely used and praised technique in anatomical education and clinical training. This study compared for the first time the Thiel original protocol (TO) and a Modified version (TM) across use …

30.06.2026

Turning AI hallucinations into scaffolds for morphologic reasoning: A pilot randomized trial of prompt‐guided virtual microscopy learning during a focused histology module

Abstract AI is a medical education tool, yet its potential to foster morphologic reasoning remains underexplored. Histology students often struggle to move beyond pattern recognition toward evidence‐based justification. This pilot trial evaluated a prompt‐guided “Prompt Loop” wor …

26.06.2026

The importance of mentorship for early career neuroanatomists: A historical analysis from the University of Michigan

Abstract Gotthelf “Carl” Huber, M.D. (1865–1934) was a professor of histology and embryology, and later professor of anatomy at the University of Michigan. His scientific contributions to the understanding of the peripheral nervous system, the blood supply of the kidney and the c …

26.06.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Effectiveness of three‐dimensional printed cardiac models in teaching congenital heart anatomy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Abstract Congenital heart disease challenges spatial understanding. 3D printed cardiac models are increasingly used, but randomized quantitative evidence remains limited. This review and meta‐analysis evaluated their effectiveness for teaching congenital heart anatomy. PubMed, Em …

23.06.2026

The beauty of experiential learning in anatomy

Abstract Anatomy is a unique subject where one must learn by doing. This is achieved through a variety of methods like dissection, use of prosections, imaging, playful learning (crocheting structures, drawing, and painting organs), through functional movement like yoga or pilates …

19.06.2026

Feedback strategies: Applying theory to practice

Abstract Feedback is a cornerstone of the learning process, as evidenced by extensive educational research on enhancing its process and impact. However, learners consistently rate the quality of feedback lower compared to other aspects of teaching. Over the past decade, feedback …

11.06.2026 · 2 Zitationen

Exploring student perceptions of integrating mixed reality with cadaveric teaching in undergraduate neuroanatomy education: A qualitative study

Abstract Mixed reality (MR) using head‐mounted displays provides three‐dimensional visualizations that have been suggested to enhance learning when used alongside conventional anatomy teaching in medical education. This study explored student perceptions of the integration of MR …

11.06.2026

Exploring 3D anatomy: A free online course supporting novice learner inquiry and spatial conceptualization

Abstract Application of three‐dimensional anatomical knowledge is essential for patient examination, diagnosis, and treatment and is crucial in the training of medical and healthcare students. Moreover, critical observation and spatial awareness are vital for learner understandin …

11.06.2026

Student and staff experiences of interactive digital models when learning animal anatomy

Abstract Compared to human medical sciences, digital models of animals are rare, often behind subscription services and are comparatively lacking in interactivity and accessibility features. This study explores how digital models are currently being used to teach animal anatomy, …

10.06.2026

Designing a cost‐effective, low‐fidelity physical model for the dorsal column–medial lemniscus tract

Abstract Incorporating diverse teaching resources, varied instructional approaches, and a structured core curriculum are strategies to enhance learning of neuroanatomy. Physical models, constructed structural representations, can enhance understanding, particularly in conveying s …

31.05.2026

Empowering anatomists at all career stages: The vital role of reflective practice for professional growth

Abstract Supporting the growth of anatomy educators is both an investment in individuals and in the future of anatomy education. Anatomy educators come from diverse academic and professional backgrounds and hold varied teaching portfolios. Consequently, their professional needs d …

28.05.2026 · 2 Zitationen

Unload the load: Optimizing anatomy instruction with cognitive load theory

Abstract Anatomy is a demanding subject due to the complex nature of anatomical structures and intricate terminology, placing high cognitive demands on students. These challenges can lead to cognitive overload, hindering retention, comprehension, and the ability to integrate anat …

16.05.2026

Beyond knowledge: Cultivating noncognitive skills and attributes through anatomy education

Abstract Anatomy education has historically prioritized cognitive knowledge acquisition and technical skills, such as spatial awareness and manual dexterity. Noncognitive attributes, essential for early‐stage learners, such as social skills, motivation, emotional intelligence, se …

19.04.2026

We ought to discuss the social construction of cadavers: Here's why and how

01.04.2026

History of discovering the facial nerve supply and neuroanatomy education today: Rudimentary details, controversies, and intricate connections

Abstract The nerve supply of the face has an intricate branching pattern that is often difficult to differentiate. The present study was undertaken to highlight the historical discoveries that helped understand the distribution of peripheral nerves in the face, identify the diffi …

29.03.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Show Me the Brain!!: A modern approach to neuroanatomy education

Abstract Show Me the Brain!! (SMtB) is a digital system for interactive graphics that is designed to support instruction in neuroanatomy and neuroscience. It will soon be made open‐source and freely available. SMtB bridges medical and traditional neuroanatomy instruction with the …

23.03.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Evaluating discrepancies between high‐yield neuroscience conditions in preclerkship medical education and national clinical incidence

Abstract Medical education must balance foundational science with clinical relevance. Increasing emphasis on standardized assessments has led to prioritization of “high‐yield” conditions—those most likely to be assessed. Subsequently, educators and students often prioritize these …

23.03.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Immersive virtual reality as a teaching tool in neuroanatomy: A scoping review

Abstract Basic core courses in various undergraduate programs, such as neuroanatomy, pose a challenge for students due to the large volume and complexity of the content. In this context, educational technologies such as immersive virtual reality (IVR), which allow students to act …

17.03.2026 · 1 Zitationen

The origins of neuroimaging and Johann Puluj: Early X‐rays and the foundations of radiographic neuroanatomy

Abstract Neuroimaging plays a central role in modern neuroanatomy education and neurological diagnosis, yet its roots trace back to the foundational era of X‐ray technology. This article examines the historical trajectory of early X‐ray methods, with particular focus on the pione …

08.03.2026

Development of interactive MRI ‐based 3D visualization tools for neuroanatomy education in Latin America

Abstract The study of neuroanatomy is fundamental in many scientific fields. Despite this, it is a challenging subject for students. As technology evolves, it is being increasingly incorporated into educational methods, including the teaching of neuroanatomy. Three‐dimensional (3 …

05.03.2026 · 1 Zitationen

SpartanAnatomy.org : Evaluating a new interactive neuroradiology tool for early medical education

Abstract Teaching neuroanatomy through the lens of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers medical students a strong foundation for success. However, many existing MRI learning resources lack interactivity and user‐friendliness, require payment, or include an overwhelming number …

18.02.2026 · 2 Zitationen

A systematic review and meta‐analysis of pedagogical trends and impact in neuroanatomy education

Abstract Neuroanatomy is notoriously challenging to learn and often contributes to “neurophobia.” Traditional instruction has relied on lectures and dissection, but newer pedagogical innovations are increasingly adopted. Despite this, comparative evidence to guide best practices …

13.02.2026 · 2 Zitationen

A multimodal curriculum with integrated gamification helps reduce neurophobia in medical students

Abstract “Neurophobia,” a fear of neural sciences, presents a significant impediment in medical education, contributing to student anxiety and influencing career selection away from neurological specialties. The high prevalence of neurophobia underscores the significance of this …

13.02.2026 · 1 Zitationen

“Hands‐On” white matter anatomy: Using Air Anatomy gestures and tractography on simple brain sections to enhance teaching of white matter directions

Abstract Teaching white matter (WM) anatomy to undergraduates is challenging. This is partly because WM fibers are oriented intricately and Klingler's dissection, the gold standard method used to demonstrate it, often requires time, advanced anatomical knowledge, and refined diss …

11.02.2026 · 2 Zitationen

Moving beyond neurophobia to cultivate the neuroquisitive learner

Abstract “Neurophobia,” a pervasive fear of the neurological sciences, poses a significant barrier in medical education, affecting learners and physicians worldwide. Its consequences are far‐reaching, contributing to a limited neurology workforce and diminished confidence among n …

09.02.2026

Marian Diamond: Creator of an enriched environment for future neuroscience educators

04.09.2026

Editorial Board and Table of Contents

04.09.2026

Anatomical Sciences Education Vol. 19, Issue 9, 2026 Cover Image

06.07.2026

Metaverse‐based virtual reality and spatial learning in cervicofacial anatomy: A curriculum‐embedded comparative study in undergraduate medical students

Abstract To compare a metaverse‐based interactive virtual reality (VR) session with a conventional 2D online lecture for learning cervicofacial anatomy. Single‐center, curriculum‐embedded, nonrandomized comparative study. Fourth‐year students attended a Zoom lecture (Conventional …

26.06.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Comparative evaluation of radiological anatomy knowledge and accuracy of ChatGPT ‐5, Gemini 2.5, and Grok 4 across normal and thinking modes

Abstract This study compared the performance of three large language models, ChatGPT‐5 Plus, Gemini 2.5 Pro, and SuperGrok 4, in identifying anatomical structures on radiographic images using standardized anatomical terminology. Thirty radiographs from different body regions were …

17.06.2026

The human foundations of anatomy at The University of Sydney: One hundred and one years of body procurement

Abstract Body procurement at The University of Sydney has a long history. Anatomy legislation (1881 Anatomy Act) modeled on the British Anatomy Act 1832 legalized procurement of unclaimed bodies from public institutions for anatomical dissection at licensed Schools of Anatomy, ef …

15.06.2026

Initial word tests contribute to effective human anatomy education

Abstract Dissection‐based education should be improved in response to persistent concerns regarding its quality and the impact on student performance. We hypothesized that a word test implemented during the initial stage of a dissection course would be an effective intervention f …

11.06.2026

Integration of the arts and biomedical engineering in innovative interdisciplinary anatomy education: The synthetic anatomy module

Abstract The intersection of science and art has historically fostered innovation, yet the integration of creative arts into anatomy education remains limited. The Synthetic Anatomy module was designed to bridge anatomy teaching with creative design for bioscience and biomedical …

08.06.2026

Introducing virtual microscopy at the University of Ghana during the COVID ‐19 pandemic—Identifying and overcoming obstacles in a low‐resource learning environment

Abstract The introduction of new educational technologies into resource‐challenged learning environments is often hindered by several factors, with the lack of infrastructure and computer hardware being only one critical aspect. The COVID‐19 pandemic required a sudden switch to o …

02.06.2026

Students' perspectives on the use of social media in anatomy medical education: A survey study

Abstract Medical students are increasingly engaging with digital technologies for anatomy learning. However, investigations of students' perceptions of anatomy social media content are lacking. This study aims to explore medical students' perspectives of anatomy social media cont …

02.06.2026

Application of artificial intelligence‐generated clinical cases in case‐based learning of histology and embryology

Abstract To investigate the effectiveness of a case‐based learning (CBL) approach in histology and embryology, integrating instructor‐reviewed, AI‐assisted clinical cases within a Structure–Function–Clinical (SFC) framework. Undergraduate students from Hangzhou City University's …

02.06.2026

Anatomy education experiences of physical education professionals in a wellness‐centered era: Evidence from South Korea

Abstract Understanding human anatomy is crucial for professionals working in physical education–related fields. However, anatomy education in South Korean universities is often perceived as insufficiently aligned with professional demands. This study aims to document current expe …

31.05.2026

The impact of family interview on the relationship between medical students and their silent mentor

Abstract The gross anatomy laboratory course often triggers significant negative emotions in medical students during dissection. While various pedagogical interventions aim to alleviate psychological burden, the fundamental question of how students' perceptions of donors evolve t …

28.05.2026

Charlotte Pommer: Resistance fighter and female pioneer of German anatomy

Abstract This article examines the biography and unique case of Charlotte Pommer (1914–2004), the only anatomist documented to have left the field during the Nazi period after encountering the regime's victims on the dissection table. While she is known for her resistance activit …

25.05.2026

Ethical‐legal vulnerability in body procurement across national contexts

25.05.2026

Comparing the outcomes of the technology‐enhanced learning of sectional anatomy with and without preceding demonstrations: A study about the worked‐example effect in anatomy education

Abstract The examination of anatomical cross‐sections can facilitate the understanding of spatial and clinical anatomy. Visualization technologies, with dynamic and interactive displays, can be used to learn sectional anatomy in a mostly self‐directed manner. Nevertheless, this s …

19.05.2026 · 2 Zitationen

The performance of ChatGPT and other large language models on multiple‐choice questions in biomedical disciplines: A meta‐analysis

Abstract While large language models (LLMs) have shown promise as learning tools for medical education, their reported accuracy on multiple‐choice questions (MCQs) varies widely across studies, necessitating synthesis. This meta‐analysis synthesizes LLM accuracy on text‐based MCQ …

14.05.2026

Ceremonial removal of body donor remains along with commemoration of body donors at Wayamba University of Sri Lanka according to Buddhist rituals: A reverential tribute

Abstract Dissection enables medical students to develop skills in locating and identifying anatomical structures, recognizing their variations, and understanding clinical relevance. In Sri Lanka, bodies are obtained through voluntary body donation, where individuals consent to th …

14.05.2026

Using spaced repetition to teach histopathology significantly improves diagnostic skills: A randomized within‐participant evaluation

Abstract The vast and rapidly evolving knowledge base in histopathology poses a significant challenge to long‐term retention. We report here, in a randomized within‐participant exposure‐controlled evaluation, the efficacy of spaced repetition (SR), a technique for efficient memor …

05.08.2026

Editorial Board and Table of Contents

05.08.2026

Anatomical Sciences Education Vol. 19, Issue 8, 2026 Cover Image

11.06.2026

High resolution images and 3D models of the root canal anatomy enhance reflective reasoning in dental students. A qualitative and quantitative assessment

Abstract To evaluate the educational value of high‐resolution micro‐CT images and 3D models of maxillary premolars in enhancing dental students' understanding of root canal complexity and reflective reasoning. Eighteen extracted adult maxillary premolars were scanned using a micr …

02.06.2026

Norman Creel, Sophie Ehrhardt, and the legacy of anthropology during the Nazi period

Abstract Since 1989, the Department of Anatomical Sciences at the State University of New York at Stony Brook has given out the Norman Creel Prize For Outstanding Student Research in Anatomical Sciences, named for a late professor in the department whose 1990 obituary hailed him …

19.05.2026

Analysis of anxiety levels and perceived satisfaction after a first encounter with human body prosection among nursing undergraduates based on their self‐perceived presession nervousness: An observational study

Abstract Human body prosection practices are a crucial educational tool for learning anatomy. However, the first exposure to donors' material can cause anxiety, which may affect students' learning experiences and emotional adjustment. This observational study aimed to analyze anx …

16.05.2026

Next generation open access visualization of neuroanatomy through 3D modeling and 3D printing

Abstract Three‐dimensional (3D) printing technology has transformed anatomy education by enabling students to visualize complex spatial relationships through interactive tactile learning. This technology is particularly valuable for neuroanatomy education, widely regarded as one …

14.05.2026

Online anatomical images are an effective resource to improve knowledge acquisition and practical exam performance in gross anatomy

Abstract Anatomical knowledge is fundamental to the training of students enrolled in health sciences degree programs. Although the use of images is common in anatomy teaching, it remains unclear whether progressive autonomous exposure to cadaveric images improves student performa …

14.05.2026

Realism redefined: Is realism in virtual 3D visualizations overrated in anatomy learning?

Abstract Digital media have reshaped anatomy education through the integration of virtual three‐dimensional models. Techniques such as surface scanning, enable the development of highly photorealistic anatomical models; however, evidence regarding whether increased realism enhanc …

14.05.2026 · 2 Zitationen

Beyond the grave: Do the dead have rights?

Abstract Anatomists who work with the Dead often see themselves as custodians of the Dead. To those who opine that the Dead no longer have Rights (legal or moral) or privileges and have nothing more to contribute to the development of Society or to human endeavor, the Dead's cust …

14.05.2026 · 3 Zitationen

Is artificial intelligence getting better at anatomy? A two‐year review of ChatGPT 's free public versions

Abstract Artificial intelligence and large language models have significantly influenced medical education by enhancing learning experiences. While previous studies have assessed ChatGPT's performance on anatomy‐related questions, a notable gap remains in understanding its accura …

14.05.2026

Effect of choice of instruction language on anatomy learning outcomes

Abstract The choice of instructional language in medical education continues to be debated across non‐English‐speaking nations. In Saudi Arabia, medical schools use English as the medium of instruction, which may challenge students who previously studied in Arabic‐medium schools. …

13.05.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Performance of multimodal large language models on image‐based surgical anatomy, anatomical pathology, and radiology questions

Abstract Multimodal large language models (LLMs) are now deeply integrated into medical education and widely used by medical students, yet it remains unclear whether current models possess the accuracy and reliability needed to support image‐based learning. We evaluated four stat …

13.05.2026

Measuring health professional students' willingness to use AI chatbots in learning: A fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis

Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI)‐driven chatbots showed great potential in medical education. However, users' willingness to adopt them varied considerably, hindering their broader implementation. This study aimed to identify the combinations of factors influencing health pr …

04.05.2026

Impacts of body donor non‐anonymization on students' educational and humanistic development: A systematic review

Abstract A recent trend in healthcare education has been the increasing emphasis on the development of humanism and empathy in students. Within anatomy education, some institutions have implemented curricular innovations such as donor non‐anonymization to facilitate this developm …

04.05.2026

Assessing the effects of 3D videos and structured peer discussions on anatomy learning: A four‐arm randomized controlled trial

Abstract Anatomy is fundamental to safe clinical practice, yet conventional teaching methods may no longer meet learners' needs and often rely on passive learning techniques that are increasingly misaligned with modern learning approaches and fail to provide sufficient spatial cl …

19.04.2026

Toward comprehensive benchmarking of large language models in medical embryology: A framework for educational integration

28.07.2026

Abstracts accepted for the 14 th Annual meeting of Society of Clinical Anatomists, India, April 2‐4 th 2026 (SOCACON 2026)

28.07.2026

Anatomical Sciences Education Vol. 19, Issue S2, 2026 Cover Image

04.07.2026

Editorial Board and Table of Contents

04.07.2026

Anatomical Sciences Education Vol. 19, Issue 7, 2026 Cover Image

13.05.2026

Essential embryology for the Canadian pathologists’ assistant

Abstract Pathologists' assistants (PAs) are pivotal in healthcare, conducting autopsies and examining tissues under a pathologist's guidance. Embryology knowledge is crucial for PAs to accurately assess anomalies and identify pathologies. Yet, it is often overlooked in academic P …

16.04.2026

A comparative evaluation of the content of body donation forms issued by Sri Lankan medical and dental faculties

Abstract Donated human bodies are indispensable to medical education and research. Ensuring valid informed consent through comprehensive and transparent documentation is widely recognized as an essential ethical obligation of body donation programs. Therefore, it is important to …

16.04.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Improving science communication and organization visibility through Wikipedia: A case study of the American Association for Anatomy

Abstract Wikipedia is one of the most widely accessed sources of scientific information globally, serving as a critical platform for public understanding and engagement with science. Despite its influence, many scientific societies are underrepresented or insufficiently described …

14.04.2026 · 2 Zitationen

Active learning strategies and student engagement in undergraduate medical education: A systematic review (2015–2025)

Abstract Active learning strategies (ALS) are increasingly employed in undergraduate medical education to promote student engagement across behavioral, emotional, and cognitive dimensions; however, there remains limited integrative understanding of the pedagogical mechanisms thro …

14.04.2026

Integration of digital microscopy into histology and pathology education: Opportunities for the future

14.04.2026

A novel nerve block and anatomy workshop for emergency medicine residents: A pilot study

Abstract Construct a workshop for emergency medicine (EM) residents to learn ultrasound‐guided regional anesthesia (UGRA) procedures and build confidence in performing those procedures. Use pre‐ and post‐workshop knowledge and confidence surveys to determine workshop effectivenes …

12.04.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Reigniting engagement: A multidisciplinary, authentic case‐based approach to anatomy and physiology education for medical imaging students

Abstract Anatomy and physiology are foundational to health science education, yet student engagement in these modules often declines during later years of study. This discursive article aims to describe a teaching intervention which increased student engagement and provide educat …

01.04.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Enhancing AI 's ability to interpret histological images with prompt engineering: An evaluation of GPT ‐4o performance

Abstract This study examines the effect of various prompting strategies on ChatGPT's ability to interpret histological images across different tissue types and varying question complexities. GPT‐4o's performance was assessed using three distinct prompting techniques: P1 (zero‐sho …

29.03.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Anatomists' experience and perspectives on the international transfer of human remains for the purpose of education

Abstract Anecdotally, educational institutions without access to human remains may choose to import these from other countries; however, there is currently no published information illuminating the existence of this trade. This study therefore aimed to document the nature of inte …

25.03.2026

Development of effective 3D digital models for first‐time learners of musculoskeletal anatomy

Abstract Musculoskeletal anatomy is a critical component of allied health curricula. With the ubiquity of technology in the classroom and the recent COVID‐19 pandemic creating accessibility barriers for students, there is a need for viable digital resources to enhance learning by …

25.03.2026

Evaluating the effectiveness of technology‐assisted learning versus traditional methods in histology education: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract Histology education has traditionally relied on light microscopy and lectures, but recent advances have introduced technology‐assisted learning (TAL) modalities such as virtual microscopy, flipped classrooms, and blended learning. While increasingly adopted, evidence of …

23.03.2026

Modern competency‐based teaching of human sexual development

Abstract Embryology is an integral part of anatomy and a key subject in basic medical education. The development of the sexual tract, which is closely associated with the formation of the urinary tract and the organs of continence, is particularly complex and relevant for many me …

22.03.2026

Cooperative learning in anatomy: Comparing virtual avatars and human specimens

Abstract Contemporary research demonstrated that undergraduate medical students rated an augmented reality learning tool entitled “human muscular arm avatar” as useful for their self‐directed individual learning. Beyond this subjective assessment, it was largely unknown whether a …

19.03.2026

Integrating yoga into anatomy and clinical medicine education: A holistic approach to learning

Abstract Anatomical knowledge is fundamental for success in clinical settings. Unfortunately, anatomy education within professional health programs has experienced a continual decrease in contact hours and curricular content over the previous two decades, leading to deficits and …

03.06.2026

Anatomical Sciences Education Vol. 19, Issue 6, 2026 Cover Image

03.06.2026

Editorial Board and Table of Contents

16.05.2026

Environmental scan and pedagogical evaluation of commercially available digital serious games for anatomy education

Abstract In medical and anatomy education, serious games (SGs) are increasingly recognized as promising pedagogical tools. Educators seeking to adopt SG may choose whether to build games or buy commercially available serious games (CASGs). However, exploration of the commercial m …

14.05.2026 · 1 Zitationen

GrID (GastroIntestinal Disease): An interactive Sudoku‐based clinical anatomy card game for first‐year medical students

Abstract Application of anatomical knowledge is an essential component of both clinical practice and medical education. Within dissection room–based practicals, game‐based learning was introduced to a first‐year undergraduate medicine session and designed to creatively engage stu …

05.05.2026

Not your grandparents' games… Game‐based learning takes instructional methods to whole new level

04.05.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Doctor of physical therapy learner perspectives on using a novel card game to reinforce musculoskeletal clinical anatomy: A retrospective case study

Abstract Multi‐modal approaches to anatomy education improve learners' understanding and motivation. Gaming may enhance learning through improved engagement and motivation. This study explored experiences of learners using a novel anatomy card game. The purpose was to investigate …

19.04.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Gamified learning in health sciences education: Terminology and considerations

23.03.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Development of a framework for implementing digital serious games in anatomy education: A single‐centre qualitative study

Abstract Serious games are emerging as innovative tools in medical education, yet their adoption in anatomy teaching remains limited due to educator hesitancy, institutional constraints, and design challenges. This qualitative study explores the perspectives of anatomy educators …

08.03.2026 · 2 Zitationen

Game on! Student‐designed anatomy games using design‐based research

Abstract This article documents the process in which undergraduate students in the Faculty of Health Sciences at McMaster University applied Design‐Based Research (DBR) to develop Game‐Based Learning (GBL) tools for anatomy education. It describes the student developers' approach …

28.02.2026 · 3 Zitationen

NeuroTwister : Gamified learning to teach cross‐sectional neuroanatomy to medical students

Abstract Neuroscience is a required course in many health professions curricula, but with it often comes neurophobia, the fear or difficulty that students experience when attempting to learn neuroscience. Traditional teaching methods in neuroanatomy may contribute to cognitive ov …

08.02.2026 · 2 Zitationen

Promoting engagement in embryology through gamified student‐developed small group sessions

Abstract Learning embryology is often challenging for students as it requires conceptualizing morphological changes to embryologic structures across time. To further complicate the process, while some structures transition to permanent structures, others disappear or degenerate. …

18.05.2026

Editorial Board and Table of Contents

18.05.2026

Anatomical Sciences Education Vol. 19, Issue 5, 2026 Cover Image

29.03.2026 · 2 Zitationen

The veterinarian as educator: Experiences undertaking an anatomy education extra mural studies placement

Abstract Educating clients and teaching and mentoring colleagues are crucial yet underappreciated elements of a veterinarian's professional duties. Unfortunately, veterinary curricula rarely explicitly aim to encourage students to develop effective teaching practices. This study …

17.03.2026

Further considerations on the international transfer of donated bodies: The environmental impact

11.03.2026

Comparison of examination performance and test anxiety during bell‐paced and self‐paced gross anatomy laboratory examinations

Abstract Pacing during anatomy laboratory examinations may influence both student performance and test anxiety. This study compared bell‐paced (BP) and self‐paced (SP) timing structures to assess their impact on students' test performance, test anxiety, and pacing preferences. Un …

08.03.2026

Comparison of JB4 plastic resin and standard paraffin methods on student performance and student perspectives in digital histology education: A randomized controlled study

Abstract This randomized controlled study compared the effectiveness of histological preparations embedded in glycol methacrylate‐based JB4 plastic resin with traditional paraffin blocks in digital histology education. A total of 297 second‐year medical students at Sivas Cumhuriy …

08.03.2026

Enhancing learning performance and soft skills development through body painting in human anatomy education

Abstract Body painting is increasingly used in anatomy education to illustrate the relationship between anatomical structures and surface landmarks. While its role in knowledge retention is documented, its contribution to soft skill development remains underexplored. This study i …

08.03.2026

Augmented reality for teaching undergraduate human anatomy: An educators' perspective

Abstract The purpose of this study was to explore the perspectives of Australian educators on using augmented reality (AR) as a method for learning human anatomy in the undergraduate health sciences. This will determine the current value of AR and guide future research and develo …

08.03.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Harnessing artificial intelligence for automatic feedback in a virtual anatomy study tool: A Q‐methodology study

Abstract Objective structured practical examinations (OSPEs) are standard methods of evaluation in anatomy education. Despite their widespread use, student preparedness for this unique exam structure can be severely limited due to the lack of access to independent study opportuni …

19.02.2026

The current status of body donation in China and the influences of traditional culture: A systematic review

Abstract China's current body donation landscape remains challenging, with traditional cultural factors such as values and religious beliefs widely regarded as significant influencers. However, the specific cultural factors at play remain unclear. This systematic review aims to c …

09.02.2026 · 2 Zitationen

From concept to community of practice in anatomical ethics and professionalism: 5 years of the “Bioethics Unicorns” education initiative

Abstract The topics of ethics and professionalism in anatomy have only recently gained prominence within the discipline, reflecting trends in medical and health professions education and an increasing awareness of societal expectations around the use of the dead. Educators in ana …

08.02.2026

Formal rebuttal to Iwanaga et al. “Ethical use of cadaveric images in anatomical textbooks, atlases, and journals: A consensus response from authors and editors”

21.01.2026

Should virtual anatomy replace time spent with body donors? Ethical considerations from a student's perspective

16.04.2026

Anatomical Sciences Education Vol. 19, Issue 4, 2026 Cover Image

16.04.2026

Editorial Board and Table of Contents

18.02.2026

Preliminary insights on high‐fidelity embalming solutions for surgical skills training—An evaluation using the McMaster Embalming Scale and mechanical tests

Abstract Simulation‐based training is critical for surgical skill acquisition and typically uses soft‐preserved body donors, as they represent high‐fidelity models (vs. hard‐fixed donors) with prolonged periods of preservation (vs. unembalmed donors). While many soft‐embalming so …

30.01.2026

From guillotine to dissection table—First insights into the Breslau institute of anatomy during the Nazi period

Abstract Anatomy in Nazi Germany—in its work with bodies of the regime's victims—is arguably the most extreme example of state‐sanctioned abuse of power over bodies of the dead in medicine. This history is highly relevant today because it contributed to the formulation of basic t …

28.01.2026 · 2 Zitationen

The lack of legal protections in the United States to prevent commercializing the dead for education and research: Consequences and risks to anatomists

Abstract A lack of minimum legal standards for body donation programs undermines recent strides by anatomy professionals to promote ethical best practices in the United States (US). In particular, the commercialization of the dead by nontransplant tissue banks poses a risk to the …

26.01.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Enhancing histology education through a multimodal approach: Integrating digital annotation, manual drawing, and histological batik design

Abstract Histology often challenges medical students due to its complex terminology and abstract visualization demands. Although various instructional innovations exist, multimodal frameworks that integrate technology with culturally relevant artistic expression remain underexplo …

24.01.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Narrative pedagogies in cranial nerve anatomy: Comparing mythological and sports‐based approaches with traditional teaching

Abstract This study used a mixed methods randomized controlled experimental design to evaluate the effectiveness of narrative‐based versus traditional pedagogy in teaching cranial nerve anatomy to medicine students. Eighty‐eight students who had completed a previous course on the …

24.01.2026

Comparison between digital and physical anatomical specimens in a formative near‐peer OSPE : Performance and perceptions in first‐year medical students

Abstract Growing medical school enrolments and limited resources challenge anatomy departments to deliver high‐quality assessments, such as Objective Structured Practical Examinations (OSPEs). While OSPEs are reliable, they often increase student anxiety. Formative, peer‐assisted …

07.01.2026

Exploring the impact of high school anatomy education on students' healthcare career interests

Abstract Rural regions face disproportionately high healthcare workforce shortages, driven in part by limited exposure to health sciences and minimal awareness of healthcare career pathways. This study evaluated whether introduction to anatomy and pathology content, delivered by …

31.03.2026

22nd Annual Meeting of the Australian and New Zealand Association of Clinical Anatomists (ANZACA)

31.03.2026

Anatomical Sciences Education Vol. 19, Issue S1, 2026 Cover Image

17.03.2026

Editorial Board and Table of Contents

17.03.2026

Anatomical Sciences Education Vol. 19, Issue 3, 2026 Cover Image

26.01.2026

Anatomy in Cuvier's Paris: Broadening participation through an international research program for historically minoritized undergraduates

Abstract Most research programs recruit students with high grades, previous lab experience, and strong supervisor recommendations. However, these requirements can bar students from historically marginalized backgrounds from gaining these kinds of valuable experiences, thus contri …

18.02.2026 · 3 Zitationen

Lessons learnt: Perceptions of health sciences students of blended anatomy education at Stellenbosch University during and after the COVID ‐19 pandemic

Abstract This study investigated undergraduate and postgraduate students' experiences of blended anatomy education at Stellenbosch University during and after the COVID‐19 pandemic. Given the rapid transition from dissection and face‐to‐face (F2F) lectures to emergency (2020) and …

05.02.2026

“The science of teaching”: Understanding anatomy demonstrators' pedagogical content knowledge

Abstract Pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) refers to educators' understanding of subject matter integrated with teaching approaches that ensure teaching effectively supports learners' needs. Anatomy demonstrators are temporary or sessional early career educators responsible for …

25.02.2026

Editorial Board and Table of Contents

25.02.2026

Anatomical Sciences Education Vol. 19, Issue 2, 2026 Cover Image

23.01.2026

More than words: The value of qualitative research for advancing educational practice

19.01.2026 · 1 Zitationen

Elevating qualitative research in health professions and sciences education