10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00132

Vollständiger Abstract

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This study evaluated the protective effects of pomegranate peel, garlic, and a polyherbal mixture (PHM) against <i>Aeromonas veronii</i>-associated gill disease in common carp (<i>Cyprinus carpio</i>). A total of 234 healthy fish were allocated into 13 groups, including one uninfected control group and 12 experimentally infected groups. Infected fish received diets supplemented with oxytetracycline, garlic (2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%), pomegranate peel (2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%), or PHM at equivalent concentrations for 14 days. Untreated infected fish and garlic-treated groups exhibited 100% mortality within 14 days post-infection. In contrast, PHM supplementation significantly improved survival, achieving up to 94% survival (<i>P</i> < 0.05). PHM-treated fish also demonstrated improved hematological parameters, enhanced immune-associated responses, and reduced alterations in liver enzyme activities compared with infected controls. Histopathological examination revealed that PHM preserved gill architecture and reduced epithelial degeneration, necrosis, and hyperplasia associated with <i>A. veronii</i> infection. These findings demonstrate that dietary PHM supplementation enhances resistance to <i>A. veronii</i> infection and improves several health-related parameters in experimentally challenged common carp. The observed protective effects may be associated with the bioactive phytochemical constituents identified by GC-MS analysis; however, the precise mechanisms of action remain to be elucidated. Furthermore, additional studies are required to evaluate long-term safety under non-challenged conditions and to further characterize the biological activities of PHM.

Abstract: PubMed · Datensatz