10.1016/0967-0653(93)95707-d

Vollständiger Abstract

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BACKGROUND: Prolonged sitting is an increasingly important public health concern, particularly in occupations that offer few opportunities for conventional exercise. Zero-time exercise (ZTEx) integrates brief muscle-engaging movements into daily routines without requiring dedicated time or equipment and may offer a practical way to interrupt prolonged sitting. However, the motivational, cognitive, and contextual factors associated with intention relevant to ZTEx adoption remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the association between exercise motivation and general sedentary behavior reduction intention, used as a zero-time exercise-related intention proxy (ZTEx-IP), and assessed model-implied indirect associations involving general self-efficacy and perceived physical activity triggers among Chinese adults in sedentary occupations. METHODS: This cross-sectional survey included 790 adults working full-time in sedentary occupations across 20 provincial-level administrative divisions in China between May and September 2025. Eligible participants reported at least 6 hours of work-related sitting on a typical workday. Standardized questionnaires assessed exercise motivation, general self-efficacy, perceived physical activity triggers, and the ZTEx-IP. Multivariable regression and restricted cubic splines examined graded and nonlinear associations between exercise motivation and the ZTEx-IP. PROCESS Models 4 and 6 estimated covariate-adjusted direct and model-implied indirect associations using 5000 bootstrap resamples. RESULTS: Higher exercise motivation scores were associated with higher ZTEx-IP scores. Compared with participants in the lowest motivation tertile, those in the highest tertile had an adjusted score difference of 8.49 points (unstandardized regression coefficient, B=8.49, 95% CI 6.43-10.60; P<.001), and the association was nonlinear (P for nonlinearity<.001). In the prespecified ordered model, exercise motivation retained a direct association with the ZTEx-IP (B=0.167, 95% CI 0.088-0.246). Model-implied indirect associations were observed through general self-efficacy (B=0.104, 95% CI 0.057-0.155), perceived physical activity triggers (B=0.157, 95% CI 0.110-0.205), and their prespecified ordering (B=0.025, 95% CI 0.013-0.039). Perceived triggers accounted for a larger increment in explained variance than general self-efficacy (ΔR²=0.054 vs 0.033), and the adjusted outcome model explained 37.6% of the variance in ZTEx-IP scores (R²=0.376). CONCLUSIONS: Among Chinese adults in sedentary occupations, exercise motivation was positively associated with the ZTEx-IP, with model-implied indirect associations involving general self-efficacy and perceived physical activity triggers. The statistical ordering of these associations does not establish that the constructs develop sequentially over time. The comparatively larger trigger-related estimate identifies contextual cue salience as a candidate mechanism for prospective testing but does not demonstrate intervention effectiveness. These hypothesis-generating findings provide a basis for workplace trials of contextually adapted, multicomponent strategies that evaluate actual ZTEx frequency, objectively measured sitting interruptions, adherence over time, and workplace acceptability.

Abstract: PubMed · Datensatz